...chemiluminescent proteins for imaging, but it has precluded widespread adoption of the technology. In 2012, Saito et...different applications. For long-term imaging, especially where photobleaching and phototoxicity are a ...constructs come in very handy. This approach is especially suited to complement optogenetic tools, where...autofluorescence and a high signal-to-noise ratio. Despite the many benefits of Nano-lantern technology, there...there is no external light source. Therefore, especially thick samples may not be appropriate for use ...

... inhibit intracellular signaling cascades as a response to the extracellular stimuli. Ligand dissociation...ligand to receptor to G-protein, and finally, to a response? Let’s take a look at a few examples with plasmids... labeling to quantifiably measure GPCR agonist response in vivo (Paek et al., 2017). In this technique...receptors to interact with small molecules to elicit a response in a certain cell type. Chemogenetics is similar...scientists then modified some GPCRs further to respond to specific, pharmacologically-inert, small molecules...

...likely to elicit a strong immune response, factors that may make it especially suitable for in vivo research...to its stringent PAM specificity. This can be especially important for base editing techniques, where ...choosing a Cas9, the Feng Zhang Lab had described eSpCas9, while the Keith Joung Lab had developed SpCas9...decreased or similar off-target activity, relative to eSpCas9 and SpCas9-HF across a number of different sites...

...many as 30% of all cancers, especially those of the pancreas and colon. Despite the prevalence of Ras mutations...die from cancer-related complications each year. Despite these grim statistics, new strategies for attacking...the accelerator and brake pedal of a vehicle, respectively. In the case of a mutation that turns a proto-oncogene... has access to all of the latest resources? In response to this challenge, Addgene has launched an initiative...

..., and China (14%). Spikes in plasmid requests correspond to publications of popular papers. Figure...orders come from the U.S. and Europe, we see a corresponding dip in plasmid request activity around March... paper, we observed that the demand for the corresponding plasmids tended to follow an exponential decay...while 𝜓z(t) multiplies the likelihood by the corresponding factor 𝜙z if t is during event z. The "events...the sum of mean +1 and -1 std for each paper, respectively. The fitted model captures weekend, Christmas...

...express our gene of interest. This element is responsible for initiating the transcription of your insert...promoter (RNA polymerase binding site) and operators (response elements). Promoters are about 100 to 1000 base...eukaryotes have muliple polymerases which are each responsible for a specific subset of RNAs. To gain this specificity... phosphoglycerate kinase gene.  Constitutive  Widespread expression, but may vary by cell type. Tends ...acceptor. TRE General expression mRNA Tetracycline response element promoter Inducible with Tetracyline or...

...successful modifications, efficiency can be low, especially for larger modifications. What’s the solution... L-arabinose and anhydrotetracycline (aTet), respectively. pMAZ-SK contains an aTet-inducible gRNA and... ability to multiplex repression. Using a Tet responsive promoter to drive expression of a catalytically...a gRNA are expressed on pRH2502 and pRH2521, respectively. Both dCas9 and the gRNA are Tet-inducible, ...and developed new, more tightly controlled, Tet responsive promoters to avoid leaky activation of the system... enable C-to-T and A-to-G base substitutions respectively. Substitutions seem most efficient when using...

...signaling, as well as immune response, tissue repair, and kidney development. Despite their ubiquity and significance...mechanisms, or ascertain which integrins are responsible for specific ligand-binding functions, all key...intracellular signal cascades, and allowing agile responses to mechanical forces in the cell’s microenvironment...shaping of the extracellular matrix. During immune responses, this same conformation encourages immune cell...

...available through Addgene (Cat.# 70185 and 70186, respectively). Antares Chu, J., et al. (4), likewise, wanted...) probes. These probes generally consist of a responsive protein (e.g. calcium binding protein) fused ...fused to two fluorescent proteins. When the responsive protein binds to calcium it changes conformation and... event being monitored. Optogenetic regulators respond to specific wavelengths of light to initiate signaling...binding domain, and NanoLuc® Luciferase. CalFlux VNT responds to changes in intracellular calcium and is useful...

...generally a sample or group that will have a desired response. For example, if you are studying the effect of...that the testing protocols elicited the expected response and have a baseline with which to compare the ...negative control group does not receive the drug, any response recorded would be due to natural biological variation...Biological replicates help you to determine which responses arise from drug treatment versus and which are... control is critical for data interpretation, especially when changes in protein expression are the experimental...