...needed for packaging AAV. AAV production Overview: The first step in packaging AAV is transfecting HEK293...present in an AAV prep. AAV samples are first DNaseI digested to remove any residual AAV plasmid that ... lab's vector of choice is AAV, with nearly every experiment requiring AAV. Before joining my lab, I had... cells with AAV packaging plasmids. The cells need three different plasmids to produce AAV: 1) the RepCap...plasmid which provides the AAV replication (rep) and capsid (cap) genes. AAV replication uses the host’...the Addgene AAV Production protocol for more details. Pro tips I’m not going to lie, AAV transfer plasmids...experiment. AAV is usually the limiting reagent for my experiments, so I always make more AAV than I think...

... launching the AAV Data Hub. The Data Hub is an open platform for scientists using AAV to share practical... rat. Contribute your AAV data Just like Addgene’s plasmid repository, the AAV Data Hub is a community-driven...Dear scientists using AAV, We hear your questions! How much virus should I inject? How long do I need...Hub and how to use it From the landing page of the AAV Data Hub, you will be able to search for your favorite...accompanying image so that you can see for yourself how the AAV performed in that experimental setup. For example...contribution to open science.  Please note that the AAV Data Hub is a beta project, and we are currently ...distributed by Addgene.  Future directions As the AAV Data Hub grows, we hope to mine the data to find ...

...anti-AAV antibodies often neutralize the therapeutic efficacy of AAV vectors. How are exosome AAVs produced... exosome AAVs achieved so far? Exo-AAVs have improved transduction profiles in different AAV serotypes...lysis to release AAV particles with subsequent purification steps. It’s also possible for AAV vectors to be... They saw that these AAV particles come in a slightly different shape. These AAV particles are often found...name vexosomes (vector-exosomes), exosome AAVs, or exo-AAVs (Figure 1). The researchers discovered that... They also found that exo-AAVs were more resistant to neutralizing anti-AAV antibodies. This is particularly...microvesicles containing AAVs (Figure 2). Since the development of the exo-AAV isolation protocol by Maguire...

...popular control AAV encoding GFP. Check out our inventory of serotype testing AAV New control AAVs Plasmid...Flp-expressing AAV, as well as a Cre-dependent Flp-expressing AAV. See our recombinase AAV inventory here...testing) pAAV-CAG-GFP 50465 AAV8, 9 (20 µL size serotype testing) AAV-hSyn-EGFP Biosensor AAV The ability...Serotype Name 104496  AAV1 pGP-AAV-CAG-FLEX-jGCaMP7f-WPRE 105322  AAV1 pGP-AAV-syn-FLEX-jGCaMP7c variant...Name 119741  AAV5  AAV SYN flex PSAM4 GlyR IRES EGFP Recombinase AAV Finally, we are excited to add...some of the AAV we have released in the last few months. You can also browse our entire AAV inventory. .... Our new AAVs include: Control AAVs for serotype testing jGCaMP7c for calcium detection PSAM4 GlyR for...

...types. AAVs in the clinic Thus far, AAV vectors AAV1, AAV-2, AAV1-AAV2 hybrids, AAV-6, AAV-7, AAV-8, AAV...-to-use AAV in Addgene's Viral Service Check out our AAV Production Protocol Check out our AAV Purification...wild type AAV is not associated with any pathogenicity and has a low immunogenic profile. AAV was first...of known AAV serotypes that have slight variations in their viral capsids. Novel forms of AAV capsids ...characteristic makes AAV vectors especially amenable to correcting disease-associated mutations. AAV vectors maintain... safe and effective. Challenges for AAV gene therapy Although AAV-based gene therapies are promising, ...already have wt AAV in their bodies and may therefore already have ways to prevent AAV infection. For ...

... cells an AAV can infect) can influence an AAV’s value greatly. Applying this mantra to AAV selection,...capacity, AAV vectors were suitable for our needs for the following reasons: Safety: Since AAVs are nonpathogenic...solution should be used to clean AAVs from workspaces. Speed: AAV transduction experiments are relatively...priority in our lab so we opted for AAV. While these benefits make AAVs useful for a wide variety of experiments...viral-vectors/aav/aav-guide. Where in the tissue/what cell type? In the CNS, for instance, there are marked...Serotype Striatum AAV5>AAV9>AAV8>AAV1>AAV6>AAV2 Hippocampus AAV9>AAV5>AAV8>AAV1>AAV6>AAV2 Auditory Cortex... use of AAVs? 1) Combined functional and anatomical mapping of circuits In our lab, we use AAV-DREADD ...

...can use AAVs to improve your genome editing experiments (with and without targeted nucleases). AAV genome...biology behind this AAV effect remains unclear, it is likely not a coincidence that the AAV genome is composed...disadvantages to the AAV-based approach that must be considered when deciding whether to use AAV or CRISPR for...of SaCas9 and a gRNA in one AAV and a repair template in second a second AAV to deliver their repair template...across two AAVs, it is possible sequentially repair a target site with the contents of the two AAVs. Using...to use and develop AAVs for your own research and encourage to deposit any new AAV tools you create. ...Resources on the Addgene Blog AAV: A Versatile Tool for Gene Expression in Mammals AAV Titers: Where do they ...

...makes an AAV transfer plasmid an AAV transfer plasmid. ITR sequences are 145 bases each and AAV plasmids... want to do, but it requires some AAV. You’ve never worked with AAV before, but you aren’t going to let...experiments, making AAV starts with some plasmids. You just need three plasmids to start making AAV:  the packaging... the AAV transfer plasmid and take a look at each of its parts. Figure 1: Parts of an AAV transfer... Key elements of an AAV plasmid First let’s talk about the key parts of an AAV plasmid. Inverted terminal...packaged into the AAV molecule. What’s outside of the ITRs does not get packaged in the AAV vector. The cloning...ITR loss abolishing AAV packaging. To prevent ITR loss, it’s best to propagate AAV constructs in recombination-deficient...

...efficiency of AAV-PHP.eB and AAV-PHP.S versus their parental AAV vectors. What can these AAV’s be used for...efficiency of AAV-PHP.B versus AAV-PHP.eB in the CNS. A GFP transgene was packaged into either an AAV-PHP.B or...Search for AAV Vectors to use with your research. Visit Our AAV Guide Page for info on AAV components,... Recombinase-based AAV Targeted Evolution. In this technique, a pool of mutant AAV capsid (cap) expressing...astrocytes. Why screen for IV deliverable AAVs? Typically AAVs are directly injected into the brain, but...one RGB AAV and red, green, or blue are the predominate colors expressed (figure 4c).   AAV Vector  ...et al.   AAV Vector Percent of Neurons Transduced   Dorsal Root Ganglion (DRG) AAV.9 (parental)...

...: pGP-AAV-syn-jGCaMP7f-WPRE (104488-AAV8) pGP-AAV-syn-FLEX-jGCaMP7f-WPRE (104492-AAV8) pGP-AAV-syn-jGCaMP7c...)-EGFP (112677-AAV5) Calcium Sensors pGP-AAV-syn-jGCaMP7b-WPRE (104489-AAVrg) pGP-AAV-syn-FLEX-jGCaMP7b-WPRE...pGP-AAV-syn-FLEX-jGCaMP7b-WPRE (104493-AAVrg) pGP-AAV-CAG-FLEX-jGCaMP7s-WPRE (104495-AAVrg) pGP-AAV-CAG-FLEX-jGCaMP7f-WPRE...some of the AAV we have released in the last few months. You can also browse our entire AAV inventory. .... Our new AAVs include: EGFP-expressing AAV for serotype testing Calcium sensors and GABA sensors Optogenetics...Optogenetics Recombinases And more! Control AAV For many AAV experiments, we recommend validating the serotype...samples of AAV for testing purposes. To address this, we recently released our serotype testing AAV, which...

...for a refresher on AAV titers Making contact with a cell Although an individual AAV particle’s ability...cell, the way to get more AAV in contact with the cell is to increase the AAV concentration. In this flowchart...optimize AAV production. We’ve listed some simple steps you can take below but you should read our AAV Production...on the Addgene Blog AAV Titers: Where do they come from and what do they mean? AAV Vector Quality Control... Find Ready-to-Use AAV Preps Find Lab Protocols for Work with Virus Watch Our AAV Purification Video ... place? Some AAVs are known to be difficult to produce in high titer. These include AAV2, which is known...Well, it turns out this isn’t the case for using AAV. When it comes to infecting cells, titer, the amount...

... parts of the AAV transfer plasmid  Resources on Addgene.org Learn about AAV Find AAVs for your experiment...making the AAVs you need for your experiment:  the packaging plasmid which contains the AAV structural...capsid (cap) gene. In wild-type AAV, these two genes are found between the AAV genome’s two inverted terminal...68 play a key role in AAV genome replication. Replication initiates from the AAV genome ITRs on the transfer...understanding of the AAV RepCap plasmid! Check out this blog post to learn more about the AAV transfer plasmid...terminal repeats (ITRs); but when recombinant AAV (rAAV) is made in the lab, rep and cap are expressed from...regulation of the AAV p40 promoter which drives Cap expression. Often Rep proteins from the AAV2 serotype are...

...by using the universal AAV Reference Standard Material (AAV SFM), which is an AAV sample that has been ... quantifying AAV: qPCR efficiency can be affected by second-order structure of the AAV genome, caused...we get more reliable AAV titering? For our viral service, we currently titrate AAV vector preparations ... et al., 2010). In addition to the AAV RSM, we include a second AAV reference sample of known titer, which... infer titer values of new AAV samples. We also typically quantify our AAV sample by two qPCR assays ...2017). What do Addgene AAV titers mean for your experiments? Because (physical) AAV titers are approximations.... If using AAV from different sources in the same experiment, consider retitering both AAV in your lab...

...the basics of AAVs down, you’re ready to take the next step – selecting your AAV and AAV components (serotype...single-stranded AAV (ssAAV) and a self-complementary AAV (scAAV) vector. Full-length ssAAV vector genome...chemogenetics experiments. Recombinant AAVs (rAAVs) The primary application of AAV is delivery of genetic cargo ...speak about AAVs, they are actually referring to rAAVs. ITRs and serotypes The names of AAVs contain two... lot of AAV serotypes, many of which are available in rAAVs!   Figure 1: Diagram of AAV components... self-complementary AAV (scAAV) may be an option (McCarty et al., 2001). This AAV is designed so that ...subtypes, since AAVs tend to be very neuro-permissive (Issa, 2023). Time to expression AAVs have to infect...

...injection site from the AAV data hub. How to share your AAV data Do you use Addgene AAV tools and want to... Using AAV Technologies Using AAV for neuronal tracing Resources on Addgene.org Read our AAV guide Browse...growing group of Addgene AAV data sharing champions? If you’ve recently used Addgene AAV tools, we invite you...contributed to the AAV Data Hub. If you haven’t yet, we encourage you to share your AAV data on the hub,... on AAV data hub! Related resources on the Addgene blog Important Considerations When Using AAVs Three... Browse all  AAV vectors Find ready-to-use AAV preps ... celebrate open data sharing than with Addgene’s AAV Data Hub! We launched this pilot in 2019 as an open...

...Gene Therapy. Existing methods for AAV quality control Historically, AAV vector QC has been sparse including...reliably confirm the identity of AAV genomes and detect contaminating AAV DNA. In addition, we wrote an ...the serotype of AAV preparations.  Using viral genome sequencing to determine serotype AAV packaging is ...LH (2017) AAV-ID: A Rapid and Robust Assay for Batch-to-Batch Consistency Evaluation of AAV Preparations...post on AAV titers Browse viral vectors protocols and tips Resources on Addgene.org Find AAVs at Addgene...platform to accommodate adeno-associated viral vector (AAV) samples and created a simplified process, termed...VGS), to confirm the identity and serotype of our AAV preparations. We recently published a description...

... experiments with AAV: 1. Getting your viral vector into your cell of interest: AAV tropism and route ...administration AAV tropism is defined by the viral capsid proteins that determine the AAV serotype. During...characteristics of select AAV serotypes in Table 2 from the paper. Delivery of AAV into the brain can usually...our recently launched AAV Data Hub, an open platform where researchers using AAV from our viral service... Learn more about retrograde AAVs Resources on Addgene.org Read our AAV guide Learn more about our viral...With the help of adeno-associated viral vectors (AAV), neuroscientists can combine classical genetic tools...experiments! Late last year, we hosted our first AAV Education and Development workshop aimed at brainstorming...

.... Our new AAVs include: Optogenetics AAV Control AAV Biosensor AAV And more! Optogenetics Optogenetics...pGP-AAV-syn-jGCaMP7b-WPRE 104493 AAVrg pGP-AAV-syn-FLEX-jGCaMP7b-WPRE 104496 AAVrg pGP-AAV-CAG-FLEX-jGCaMP7f-WPRE ...Overview of AAV Encoded Calcium Sensors). Plasmid Serotype Name 104489 AAVrg pGP-AAV-syn-jGCaMP7b-WPRE...some of the AAV we have released in the last few months. You can also browse our entire AAV inventory. ... control AAV in smaller aliquots of 20 ul for serotype testing to help you pick the best AAV for your ...26976 AAV5 pAAV-hSyn-hChR2(H134R)-mCherry 26973 AAVrg pAAV-hSyn-hChR2(H134R)-EYFP   Control AAV Control... 104495 AAVrg GP-AAV-CAG-FLEX-jGCaMP7s-WPRE 105714 AAV8 pAAV-Ef1a-fDIO-GCaMP6s Neurotransmitter ...

...questions!  AAV Prep and Technique Q1: Is there any way to deliver a long gene (>4.5 kB) by AAV? A: One potential... make an efficient AAV prep for a 4.2 kB insert with the CMV promoter using the AAV-BR1 capsid? A: It ...our understanding that AAV-BR1 has the same genome size restrictions as other AAV. Therefore, one should...samples within a project. Targeting Your AAV Q4: Are there any AAVs that have successful transduction in ...animal models. All of our engineered AAV are presently built on an AAV9 backbone and so will very likely ...Did you catch our April AAV webinar with Tim Miles, PhD, Director of the CLOVER Center at CalTech? If...however, that this will require co-delivery of two AAVs at a high MOI, often resulting in a drop in transduction...

...together (~4.2 kb) into an AAV vector is challenging due to its packaging capacity of AAV (~4.7 kb). While this...co-infection of two AAVs. Cas9 orthologs: shorter, but just as potent and specific? The two AAV strategies described...for in vivo studies. Testing AAV-SaCas9 in vivo To test the efficiency of AAV-SaCas9 in vivo, the Zhang ...not increased compared to a control AAV-GFP. Not only did the AAV-SaCas9-sgRNA constructs mediate genome...proteins with AAV, at just 1,108 and 986 amino acids, respectively, the size of both is within AAV’s packaging...in length, allowing them to be packaged in AAV.   Split AAV approaches  While finding smaller Cas9 orthologs...that the field has overcome with split AAVs. In general split AAVs break a large transgene in two pieces...