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Showing: 401 - 440 of 1023 results

  1. Adeno-associated Viruses (AAVs) for Genome Editing

    Type
    Blog Post
    ...gene at once. Therefore, applications that require simultaneous modification of all alleles of a gene,... recommends designing homology arms with the modification of interest, ordering them from a gene synthesis...with a homologous repair template. It is this application - the creation of sequence-specific knockins ...clones, making it unsuitable for most in vivo applications.  Third, even in the most optimized tissue-culture...tissue culture based approaches that require modification of only a single allele of a gene, such as the...efficiently deliver large repair templates for applications that require large gene fusions. The current...you’ve been able to check out some of the many applications of AAV in some of our other blog posts and have...

  2. CRISPR 101: Homology Directed Repair

    Type
    Blog Post
    ...pathways of DSBs, with a focus on repair for genome modification purposes. How does homology directed repair...specific mutations into the damaged DNA if these modifications exist in the template DNA. There are several... genome engineering world and made targeted modifications feasible and even easy. This targeted-break ...that can be harnessed by researchers for many applications. Your favorite Cas enzyme, a guide RNA to your...modified. In general, the insertion sites of the modification should be very close to the DSB, ideally less...oligodeoxynucleotides)) are commonly used for smaller modifications (~1-50 base pairs). Small edits require as little...Mouse Geneticist's practical guide to CRISPR applications. Singh P, et al. Genetics 114.169771; (2014)...

  3. Plasmids 101: Gibson Assembly and Other Long-Homology Based Cloning Methods

    Type
    Blog Post
    ...neighboring fragments can be created via PCR amplification with primers that contain the appropriate homologous... tools that help you design primers for PCR amplification of fragments to incorporate such regions of ...assembly meets CRISPR Gibson can be adapted to more complicated cloning schemes, such as those where the vector...CRISPR technology and is described in a recent publication by the Lockey lab (Wang, et al. 2015). In this...aspects of the SLIC methods. First, it uses a dedicated 5’ exonuclease instead of using the exonuclease...DNA fragments contain these sites at the correct location and NOT in the middle of your insert. Gateway ...Gateway cloning utilizes λ integrase to catalyze directional cloning of DNA parts that are flanked by orthogonal...

  4. ReFigure: Save Scientific Figures into Dashboards and Share Your Insights

    Type
    Blog Post
    ...include: Cataloging a reagent’s performance as in this antibody ReFigure Analyzing replications as in this... ReFigure. Reading and exploration including replications and experiments resulting in “negative data”...small selection of data found in full-length publications. As early career researchers, we wondered how...reagent performs well, or you might publish a replication experiment that you conducted as part of setting...papers as they are not included in traditional publications. By submitting your data to a repository (Figshare...-registration, preprints, data, software, micropublications) in grant proposals. ReFigures are one such...

  5. The Open Repository of CRISPR Screens: CRISPR Screen Data in One Place

    Type
    Blog Post
    ...   Figure 3: Each publication featured in BioGRID ORCS has a dedicated summary page with PubMed...favorite gene was described in a CRISPR screen publication. You see this mentioned in the results section...manually curated and annotated from more than 45 publications, beginning with the seminal research articles...screen curated in ORCS is linked to the original publication via its PubMed identifier, which can also be ...a list of individual screens curated for the publication. Clicking on the screen name takes users to a... supplemental data tables available with the publication are also provided for the user. This approach...

  6. In Vivo Biotinylation of Bacterial Fusion Proteins

    Type
    Blog Post
    ...advantage of a fusion protein is the efficient purification of an already immobilized target protein. The...immobilization method. One possibility is covalent modification of the purified target protein with the vitamin...positively-charged amino acids. Unfortunately, the location of biotin incorporation and to a lesser extent... ligand, especially if the modified amines are located near the ligand binding site. A selective approach...includes an AviTag and a 6X HisTag for affinity purification (see plasmid map and cartoon below). Including...erythropoietin molecules. The in vivo biotinylation and purification strategy outlined here provides a basis to determine...is barely soluble at RT. Track expression and purification of biotinylated protein on blots with Streptavidin-phosphatase...

  7. Recombinase-based State Machines Enable Order-dependent Logic in vivo

    Type
    Blog Post
    ...and attP recognition sites on the register and catalyzes their recombination, thereby changing the state...performed on one register at a time. If a particular application makes it difficult to isolate single registers...state read-out method may not be suitable for applications that require minimal cellular perturbation. ...The input plasmid (high copy, ColE1 origin of replication), contains large serine recombinase genes downstream...contains the register. Depending on the desired application, the inducible promoters we used to drive recombinase...register. RSM (See performance data from the indicated figures in our paper (1)) Input Plasmid Output...program to find the one that best suits your application. How efficiently do RSMs work? We tested a two-input...

  8. Scientists Map the SARS-CoV-2-Human Interaction Network

    Type
    Blog Post
    ...including more physiologically-relevant systems, to catch all the important interactions. It’s also important... we found in our map have an impact on virus replication. While we and our collaborators are starting ... Nsp3 and Nsp16, and includes an additional catalytically dead version of the viral protease, Nsp5. Our... 2xStrep-tag for easy detection and affinity purification. All but one are in a pLVX vector background...coronavirus, one FedEx package at a time Since the publication of our paper, our group has been inundated with...sending plasmids to all who request them -- in locations all over the world, as far flung as the EU, Russia...Eckhardt and Melanie Brewer are on the Science Communications Team at QBI UCSF. They are particularly interested...

  9. Using CRISPR/Cas9 to Edit Disease Out of the Genome

    Type
    Blog Post
    ...2020.  “CRISPR Gene Therapy: Applications, Limitations, and Implications for the Future.” Front. Oncol...with a dominant mutation in a gene that causes cataracts could be rescued by coinjection into zygotes of...the technology in different labs for different applications.” Li’s team noted that CRISPR/Cas9 has been ... explore its potential in mice with a dominant cataract disorder caused by a single copy of a gene known...with size limitations. In addition, non-viral applications are also possible through the use of nanoparticles....  “CRISPR Genome Editing Technology and its Application in Genetic Diseases: A Review.” Current pharmaceutical...

  10. How Dry Ice Affects Viral Vector Sample pH & How to Avoid It

    Type
    Blog Post
    ...improve our shipment processes. After reading a publication describing how short term storage on dry ice ...medium, which is buffered and contains the pH indicator phenol red. We froze samples in a -80°C freezer...closed dry ice storage container for 48 hours (to replicate how our viruses are shipped), where they would...exposed to CO2/dry ice. All samples were tested in duplicate. What we found Not all tubes (or rather, not ... the samples were at the control pH of 7.4 as indicated by color (data not shown). What we did next: Venting... at -80°C. We then thawed the tubes after the indicated incubation periods, and measured the pH. We found...Clément N, Byrne BJ, Zolotukhin S. A simplified purification protocol for recombinant adeno-associated virus...

  11. Hot Plasmids - February 2022

    Type
    Blog Post
    ...editing applications.  Figure 4: Overview of CasMINI for genome engineering applications. Image ...stability in cells, and use it in a variety of applications. This set of new anti-FLAG frankebodies includes...to FLAG-tag H2B for nuclear localization. (c) Applications of anti-FLAG-FB-GFP labeling various targets... and anti-HA frankenbodies have a variety of applications, including live-cell imaging, single-molecule...members or students new to protein expression and purification. Figure 3: The Penn State Ladder run ...challenges for in vivo delivery and cell engineering applications. CasMINI, a new miniature CRISPR-Cas system ...

  12. Flow Cytometry Readouts: Yes, No, and Everything in Between

    Type
    Blog Post
    ...to the right indicates a higher signal, or upregulation, and a peak to the left indicates a lower signal...anything to the right of it, marking it as GFP+. Quantification for such graphs could simply be the percentage...case for you, switching to a contour plot should indicate where the two populations diverge. The smear ...place your gate based on the dot plot would be complicated.  Figure 2: (A) a smeary dot plot showing...Figure 4 compared to the dot plot in Figure 2. Quantification using MFI makes it easier to identify and study...addgene.org Addgene's Antibody Guide rAb Affinity Purification Protocol Video rAbs in the Addgene repository...

  13. Viral Vectors 101: Viruses as Biological Tools

    Type
    Blog Post
    ...enough to ensure the virus can replicate and spread. Instead, viruses replicate by hijacking the host’s system...low immunogenicity which makes them ideal for applications with whole organisms. Finally, viral delivery...delivery is typically straightforward across applications, while electroporation of a human, for example, isn...people in nature, extra safety measures, like replication incompetent viral particles, are required. We... (~4.5kb From basic science to clinical applications, viruses are true bench to bedside tools. Keep...our upcoming blogs on virus safety and viral applications to help you start (safely!) thinking about the...

  14. A Practical Approach to Choosing the B(right)est Fluorescent Protein

    Type
    Blog Post
    ...protein for your application. Selecting the best fluorescent protein for a specific application can seem like...under conditions that best mimic the intended application. The three key properties for live cell imaging...are converted into emitted photons. These are indicated by the extinction coefficient (EC) and quantum...experimental set up. The practical brightness takes all application specific parameters into account, including the... picture of what can be expected in a 'real' application than the theoretical brightness. Consequently...brightness in a system closely mimicking the future application. In figure 2 we provide an example of the comparison...

  15. Addgene’s Viral Service - Why Virus? Why Now?

    Type
    Blog Post
    ...Addgene started distributing a small but growing catalog of ready-made AAV and Lentiviral preps. This new...directions. I would like to thank them for their time, dedication, advice and encouragement. Why virus? Why did...performs extensive quality control, generates  educational materials, and provides viral vector technical...answering questions on virus and helping provide educational resources on this collection. With their expertise... resource and providing fantastically useful educational content on viral vectors.  How Addgene’s Viral...about the new initiative and serving all the new educational content via the Addgene Blog and our expanding...the impression that it took a lot of work and dedication to do this well ... because it did. So finally...

  16. Plasmids 101: Methylation and Restriction Enzymes

    Type
    Blog Post
    ... one half of naturally occurring restriction modification systems that prokaryotes use to protect themselves... has genes encoding one or a few restriction modification systems containing methyltransferases that add... phage for instance). Aside from restriction modification systems, DNA methylation also plays an integral...integral role in regulating genome replication, repairing mismatched basepairs or small indels that occur...methylases) are independent from the restriction modification systems, yet can still affect whether certain...specifically associated with any restriction modification systems, their sequences may overlap with restriction... Additional Resources Review of restriction modification systems NEB's Resource describing Dam and Dcm...

  17. Advice for Starting a Biotech Company from a Grad Student turned Entrepreneur

    Type
    Blog Post
    ...competitions. After much learning, the focus of the application was changed, but Sample6 still leverages the ...fit for this set of technologies, effectively communicating the advantages embodied, and driving the enterprise...He explained that entrepreneurs must clearly communicate their idea at various levels of complexity and...backgrounds how amazing their idea is. While communication styles in academia and industry vary drastically...biggest challenge during this time was learning to communicate effectively to non-scientific audiences. "There...for the company; this will help avoid future complications and potential conflicts that waste money and...succeeding. Take home Starting a company requires dedication, passion, and around-the-clock work. Mike wraps...

  18. Hot Plasmids - March 2020 - base editors, GEVI, MoClo, and optogenetics

    Type
    Blog Post
    ...voltage indicator Article contributed by Shreya Vedantam Genetically encoded voltage indicators (GEVIs)...fluorescent optics. Existing red fluorescent voltage indicators, however, fall short compared to GFP-based sensors...linker between them. The Ace-mScarlet voltage indicator works like many FRET-opsin GEVIs. With an increase...channelrhodopsins. Find the Ace-mScarlet voltage indicator plasmids at Addgene! Beck et al., Sci Report 2019...increasingly been recognized for its biotechnological applications including conversion of CO2 into water and electrical...the N-terminus of Cre (CreN) are fused to the truncated Phytochrome B (PhyBΔ) and the active protein binding...

  19. Antibodies 101: Affinity Reagents

    Type
    Blog Post
    ...re used in a number of research and clinical applications. Most of the time, when someone speaks about...deeper penetration into a tissue, useful for applications like IHC, or be able to access an epitope folded...that would size-exclude an antibody. In imaging applications, smaller affinity reagents means higher resolution...antibody’s ‘Y’. They are often used in clinical applications. Fab fragments can be created in lab in situations...Shahied, 2004). They are often used for clinical applications, including imaging.  Diabodies are ~60 kDa proteins...antibodies are still an excellent option for many applications, and frankly, if ain't broke, don't fix it!  ...flexible in your approach to affinity reagent applications. Whatever affinity reagents you use, one thing...

  20. Celebrating 15 Years of Scientific Sharing

    Type
    Blog Post
    ...enough space! There’s enough space here at our new location to grow. We are hiring again and getting ready...to keep up with the demand with excellence and dedication. We don’t have worry or wonder if providing...research, hosting conferences, and are expanding our catalog of materials to better serve the community. We ...projects allows us to support more new projects. Diversification is happening. The Addgene team will have some...we might do. I am grateful every day for their dedication, flexibility, innovative thinking, and openness...Addgenies support a high collaboration, high communication, high efficiency, high quality, low meeting,...about the Addgenies. I never worry about their dedication, excellent intentions, or incredible drive to...

  21. Hot Plasmids April 2018 - Protein Degradation, Nanoscopy, FIRE-Cas9, and Yeast Expression Tools

    Type
    Blog Post
    ...changes in expression of TRIM21-associated genes, indicating that TRIM21 overexpression does not aberrantly...light microscopy, comes from his recent Nature Communications article “SRpHi ratiometric pH biosensors for...250 nm), and studying endocytosis is further complicated by the reliance on pH-based biosensors used to...the Hell lab designed their super-resolution pH indicators (SRpHi) biosensors to meet all of them. These...SRpHi Biosensors here. Richardson et al. Nat Communications. 2017. PubMed PMID: 28924139. FIRE-Cas9 ...system to study epigenetic modulation. While catalytically inactive cas9 (e.g. dCas9) has been fused to...plasmids can be found here. Braun et al. Nat Communications. 2017. PubMed PMID: 28916764. Plasmids for...

  22. New Tool for Lineage Tracing: The ClonTracer Library

    Type
    Blog Post
    ...summarized in a recent Nature Medicine paper. In the publication, Bhang and coworkers used the ClonTracer library...propagated it, separated it into roughly identical replicate groups, and treated these groups with the same...below): 1. Resistant cells among the separate replicates would contain the same labels - i.e. they would...subpopulation 2. Resistant cells among the separate replicates would have different labels - i.e. they would... Looking at barcode abundances among multiple replicate populations, they found that similar barcodes ...populations were shared by at least one other replicate; prior to treatment, there are small (previously...such that initial resistant populations can be eradicated up-front quickly. This approach is in contrast...

  23. CRISPR Meets Synthetic Biology: A Conversation with MIT’s Christopher Voigt

    Type
    Blog Post
    ...regulation thats as sophisticated as a natural network. We could build a material as sophisticated as wood. To... perspective and you can layer them for more complicated functions. Those things are easy with CRISPR....submitting parts from another paper for resource allocation. Those will allow you to set the amount of transcriptional... carbons and oxygens. Nothing too much more sophisticated. There are also proteins, like antibodies. But...just using what biology has given us. Wood is a complicated material and we can access it, but we are stuck...able to design new materials and chemicals as sophisticated as those that living cells and animals make....

  24. A Primer on Optogenetics: Introduction and Opsin Delivery

    Type
    Blog Post
    ...in the brain region you wish to stimulate 2) Fabrication and implantation of the optical fiber into the...Channelrhodopsin2 (Chr2), a blue-light sensitive non-specific cation channel, activation of which results in depolarization...optogenetics. Successful stereotaxic surgery relies on identification of the bregma and lambda sutures and subsequent...bregma which allows you to quickly and reliably locate your injection site. We recently purchased this... fluorescent protein, which allows for easy identification of opsin expression, extent of viral spread...express for too long (synapsin was privately communicated to me as one of these extremely high expressing... and memory in opioid addiction and science communication/science writing. Derek is also a pianist and...

  25. A New Generation of Adenine Base Editors Improves Editing in Primary Human Cells

    Type
    Blog Post
    ... from E.coli, named TadA7.10 in ABE7.10)  a catalytically impaired Cas protein (dCas or Cas nickase)  ...accidental insertions and deletions (indel) by the catalytically impaired D10A nickase from ABE7.10 can be a ...the authors created ABE8 constructs using a catalytically “dead” S. pyogenes Cas9 (dC9-ABE8.x-m/d). The...these variants, ABE8 could target many additional locations in the genome. Compared to ABE7.10, NG-ABE8.xm... reduced off-target editing frequencies. For applications that require high DNA editing specificity, for...deamination, an important attribute for therapeutic application. ABE8s demonstrate an overall improved base editing...editors with increased activity and therapeutic application. Nature Biotechnology. https://doi.org/10.1038...

  26. Synthetic promoter AAVs for cell-type specific expression in retinal cells

    Type
    Blog Post
    ...channelrhodopsin, fused to a fluorescent GFP marker (CatCH-GFP). The lab deposited AAV plasmids containing ...expression. Surprisingly, <1% of synthetic promoters replicated the expression specificity of the wild-type promoters...reproducibly labeled retinal cells can be found here.  Applications for synthetic promoter AAVs Besides restricting...synthetic promoters have a few other potential applications: Using promoter combinations for targeted expression... promoters expressed in. The lab tested this application using one promoter to drive expression of Cre-mCherry...drive expression of a Cre-dependent fluorescent CatCH-GFP reporter. Expression of GFP will only result... rates of labeling are ideal of gene therapy applications, promoters that produce sparse labeling would...

  27. Plasmids 101: In-house NGS Plasmid Quality Control Now at Addgene

    Type
    Blog Post
    ...containing genes with many modifications. We look for point mutations, truncations, and insertions that could...significant amount of QC. First, we perform Picogreen quantification on each and every isolated plasmid sample and... preparation process and includes Picogreen quantification of various intermediate steps, a sizing electrophoretic...electrophoretic gel, and qPCR quantification of the final libraries. A broader view of the whole plasmid...often find a few mismatches in the origin of replication or other common backbone elements. Since we’ve...annotated Genbank files that are useful for more complicated plasmids, like those that contain synthesized...

  28. Plasmids for Endogenous Gene Tagging in Human Cells

    Type
    Blog Post
    ...visit the Cell Catalog on the Allen Cell Explorer, where you can also find the certificate of analysis provided...signal that makes it hard to visualize the precise location of the protein or structure of interest. Endogenous...technology, inserting large tags into a precise location in the genome is still inefficient, particularly...from these cell lines can be found in the Cell Catalog on our data portal. The plasmids should be functional...

  29. Progress Towards a PAM-Free CRISPR

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    Blog Post
    ...flexibility in the location of the cut and subsequent edit. In these applications, location takes priority...make a choice about what is your top priority: location or efficiency. If you are just trying to shred...still leave you choosing between efficiency and location.   Nearly PAM-less editing   The Kleinstiver lab...in double stranded cleavage and base editing applications, with high editing capacity in both contexts...randomly selected genomic loci will have a PAM located next to it. The SpRY Cas9 can also work with NYN...

  30. Hot Plasmids: Winter 2025

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    Blog Post
    ...single-molecule biophysics Fast and responsive voltage indicator ONE-GO biosensors kit Antibodies for neurodegeneration... an enhanced pU6cm promoter, viral replicon amplification of cargo, and heat treatment.  Figure...2024.12.20.629623.  A fast and responsive voltage indicator with enhanced sensitivity for unitary synaptic...and more responsive genetically-encoded voltage indicator (GEVI) than previous versions. ASAP5 can be imaged...The initiation site identified in panel (C) is indicated; red line is exponential fit. Adapted with permission..., M. Z. (2024). A fast and responsive voltage indicator with enhanced sensitivity for unitary synaptic...activation triggered by endogenous GPCR. Example applications include large-scale pharmacological profiling...

  31. 3D Printing Meets CRISPR Cas9

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    Blog Post
    ...development programs for bioscience educators. Using these hands-on tools, educators introduce their students to...biologists have always struggled to effectively communicate the nuances of protein structure in a flat 2-...dangerous. Subscribe to CRISPR Blog Posts How do educators and students use molecular models?   We created...something tangible. Under the guidance of a trained educator, these instances of focused attention become magical... their labs. Soon after we began working with educators in our Center for BioMolecular Modeling, we spun...through flexibility It is common knowledge in the education community that All models are wrong….Some models...

  32. Academic vs. Industry Postdocs

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    Blog Post
    ...setting—especially if job applications require teaching experience or high numbers of publications, which may take...their funding. Communication: In both industry and academia, you will have to communicate your science ...people involved is staggering. The process is complicated. If you’re interested in the drug discovery process... proprietary compounds or information. Where publication is expected, the process is similar to academia...science to others and advocate for the importance of your work. In my experience in industry, you’re more likely...

  33. Starter guide to induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) part 1:  A renaissance in regenerative medicine

    Type
    Blog Post
    ...stem cells are: Their ability to self-renew or replicate while maintaining the undifferentiated “stem” ...Unipotency: As the name suggests, cells under this category can differentiate into only one cell type. Muscle...differentiate only into myogenic precursor cells [5]. Classification of stem cells Stem cells are classified into...somatic stem cells, these multipotent stem cells are located in small quantities in specific “stem cell niches...body. These generate specialized cells for their location, mostly to maintain cell numbers or replenish ...joined Cell Press to pursue a career in science communication and publishing after completing her postdoctoral...Extraction of Pluripotent Embryonic Stem Cells: Implications for Regenerative Medicine and Reproductive Medicine...

  34. Experimenting with New Careers while in Grad School

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    Blog Post
    ...experts in science communication in real time! I follow great online science communicators like Phil Plait...the public, so I reached out to people who were educating the public and organizing events. I contacted ...about any topic I like and gain experience in communication, editing, marketing, and website organization...when I was trying to find local informal science educators, and ever since, the State Museum has been the.... She is particularly interested in science communication and fundamental molecular biology.      Additional...  science communication...

  35. Genome-wide Screening Using CRISPR

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    Blog Post
    ... unique compared to the rest of the genome and located immediately 5’ to a protospacer adjacent motif ...coli, and T. gondii genes.  2) What genetic modification are you trying to make? Addgene carries CRISPR...next-generation sequencing to check the quality of your amplification. If you've obtained a ready-to-use lentiviral... As such, sequencing CRISPR libraries after amplification and after a screen requires the use of next-...experiment, the use of appropriate controls, multiple replicates and several cell types can strengthen your results...independently validated to ensure that the desired modification produces the phenotype you screened for in the...information on CRISPR screens check out Addgene’s 2016 publication “Practical Considerations for Using Pooled Lentiviral...

  36. Expanded Access to Rabies Plasmids

    Type
    Blog Post
    ...excited to announce we now offer an export license application for rabies materials! Some of the materials in...export-controlled materials in the USA, where Addgene is located.  The export license, if granted, allows us to ...international requestors. We also offer export license applications for VSV and SARS-COV-1 plasmids. Export control... applied to cover processing costs. Once the application is approved, Addgene then ships the material ...offered VSV and SARS-COV-1 plasmids under this application process since May 2020. We find this process ...whenever possible, as we cannot expedite the application process.  More information about export control...

  37. The Effect of COVID-19 on Liu Lab Plasmid Requests From Addgene Data

    Type
    Blog Post
    ...subfields.  Plasmid requests correlate with paper publication The dataset includes 11,426 plasmid requests ...14%). Spikes in plasmid requests correspond to publications of popular papers. Figure 1: Plasmid requests...effect on plasmid requests Before we began any sophisticated analyses, we first visualized our data in various...orders and new COVID-19 cases for each week by location. We observed that as expected, plasmid orders ...independence assumption of the Poisson process. This modification also eases the interpretation of the parameters...effects fairly well. However, we observed one complication in the China data – there is a period of 1 month...fundamental scientific discovery and high-impact applications.       Alvin Hsu is a graduate student at Harvard...

  38. CRISPR Antimicrobials

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    Blog Post
    ...containing a phage origin of replication that can be packaged into replication-incompetent phage particles...essential processes: cell wall synthesis, DNA replication, or protein synthesis. Because they target such... and medical organizations are working to help educate the public about proper antibiotic usage. Although...mammalian viral vectors in that the vectors are replication-deficient. Thus, a very large number of phagemids...CRISPR antimicrobials combines them with both replication-competent phages and antibiotics. Phage therapy...bacterial host range. To further potential clinical applications, Ando et al. recently engineered synthetic phages...

  39. Fluorescent Proteins 101: Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP)

    Type
    Blog Post
    ...transgenic mice. Purification: GFP can be used as a general epitope tag for protein purification and a number...their experimental needs, and some of the common applications in the lab. Why Green Fluorescent Protein?...to maintain fluorescent activity; very little truncation is tolerated, however, point mutations are acceptable...Re-engineering GFP to increase its range of color and application Almost as soon as its sequence was elucidated...others) Neutral mutations    A multitude of applications Due to its size and ease of use, GFP and other... just scratched the surface of the potential applications for GFP. It has also been used to identify particular...

  40. Advancing Biology with Zebrafish: Genetic Tools for Developmental Studies and More

    Type
    Blog Post
    ... are not ideal for every application. Disadvantages include their duplicated (i.e., redundant) genome,...mutant, which regulates a developmental pathway implicated in congenital heart defects and cancer. These...DNA into the genome is useful for a variety of applications. For example, specific tissues such as blood...pathways control this process. Additional zebrafish applications and conclusions Zebrafish are also popular outside...—have proven useful in a variety of research applications. Lineage tracing studies highlight how these...Contemporary zebrafish transgenesis with Tol2 and application for Cre/lox recombination experiments." Methods...
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