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We narrowed to 1,018 results for: ren

Showing: 201 - 220 of 1018 results

  1. Transferable Skills Guide: Conflict Resolution

    Type
    Blog Post
    ...arbitrate for them. They were different people with some very different opinions, and some of them would...that there are different types of conflict. Most people perceive any conflict as inherently bad, and in ...actually been a meeting? Different teams frequently prefer to communicate in different ways, so the source ...thomas-kilmann-conflict-resolution-model/    References and Resources References Thomas-Kilmann Conflict Model, Management...without my “neutral” presence to alleviate those differences, they had a hard time maintaining their friendships...natural inclination for this skill that you could strengthen. The right set of transferable skills, coupled...hypothesis stronger. When you share data at a conference poster session, you don’t necessarily want everyone...

  2. Antibodies 101: Introduction to Immunofluorescence

    Type
    Blog Post
    ...successful IF experiment.    References and resources References Im K, Mareninov S, Diaz MFP, Yong WH (2018...target primaries produced in different species and to label targets with different colors. Multiplex immunofluorescence...Speaking of different colors, having a palette of secondary antibodies in a few different species and ...dimensional epitopes. Different sample processing steps can alter epitopes in different ways, so antibodies...indirect immunofluorescence There are a couple different approaches to be familiar with when talking about...immunofluorescence work. Image created with BioRender.com   Indirect IF is a much more common approach... By using multiple primary antibodies made in different species on a single sample, you can then use the...

  3. Illuminating Epigenetics with A FRET Based Biosensor

    Type
    Blog Post
    ...PMCID: PMC3929550. 3. Kaati, Gunnar, Lars O. Bygren, and Soren Edvinsson. "Cardiovascular and diabetes mortality...mortality determined by nutrition during parents' and grandparents' slow growth period." European Journal...in the body contain the same DNA but have very different structure and function, and can have a specialized...were experienced in a period of life when the grandparents’ gametes were developing, an epigenetic change...to have occurred that was passed down to the grandchildren; in this study,epigenetic changes were statistically...syndrome and Prader–Willi syndrome, which have very different disease phenotypes, are two fascinating examples...the gene is expressed in normal individuals (in a parent-of-origin-specific manner), but the expression ...

  4. Antibodies 101: Chimeric Antibodies

    Type
    Blog Post
    ...converted to a different isotype, then two different secondary antibodies can be used with different fluorescent...have different binding properties (Morelock 1994). While in the majority of cases the differences are ...their parental species which can be bound by broadly reactive secondary antibodies to that parental species...conversions and chimeric antibodies! References and resources References Liddell, E. (2013). Antibodies. In...isotype conversion process the variable regions of a parental antibody (blue, rat) are cloned into a backbone...changing an antibody’s natural isotype to that of a different group (Fig. 1). This process, called isotope conversion...antibody’s isotypes, however, you could then use 2 different secondaries for your antibody pair and visualize...

  5. CRISPR 101: Cytosine Transversion Editors

    Type
    Blog Post
    ...demonstrated that different deaminase and UNG enzymes had different sequence preferences, which they defined...outcomes of their various CGBEs at different target sequences and in different cell types, available at www....component of the nucleoside inosine. Created with BioRender.com. Although it was a huge innovation, there... Figure 2: CRISPR R-loop. Created with BioRender.com. Base editors take advantage of this single-stranded...non-target strand.” To avoid confusion, we usually use different terminology when discussing base editors, like...up to 68% at the most favorable target sites. Differential cytosine editing between bacteria and mammalian...sites. But the same strategy in E. coli produced different results. GBEs seemed to follow the same initial...

  6. New Tools Enable CRISPRa for Neuroscience Applications

    Type
    Blog Post
    ...activated cell sorting (FACS) to isolate differentiated from undifferentiated cells at the end of the screening... to study neuronal differentiation, it could also be applied to the differentiation of other CNS cell ... promoters (aCaMKII and hSyn). Created with BioRender.com. Before using gRNAs in vivo, they should...expression of dCas9-VPR (bottom). Created with BioRender.com. The Day Lab used their optimized vectors...to mRNAs generated from the same gene but with different untranslated or coding regions. Typically, each...straightforward to use CRISPRa to selectively target these different transcriptional start sites in order to better... expression of Bdnf resulted in hundreds of differentially expressed genes between Bdnf I-overexpressing...

  7. Corralling and Cornering the Goldilocks Antibody

    Type
    Blog Post
    ...emphasizing the antibody’s specificity. Strength and accuracy The strength is based on binding specificity and...fear of referencing a wrong section. The antibody screening and development of a focused reference bring...School of Medicine at Mount Sinai.  References and resources References Baker M. Reproducibility crisis: ...), variability (separate batches can perform differently – happens when the antibody is produced from ...a new set of animals), and wrong application (different experiments/conditions can change binding ability...off-target molecules), reliable (wouldn’t perform differently over time), compatible with the desired applications... developed a criterion that includes accuracy, strength, and reproducibility. We test the antibodies on...

  8. CRISPR Guide

    Type
    Guide
    ...created using BioRender.com (Link opens in a new window) . Addgene Website & Blog References Website CRISPR..., A., Herreno-Pachón, A., Benincore-Flórez, E., Karunathilaka, A., & Tomatsu, S. (2024). Current strategies...Alternatives Resources Plan Your Experiment Web References PAM Sequences Glossary Publications CRISPR Overview...mutation within the targeted gene. However, the strength of the knockout phenotype for a given mutant cell... into high fidelity Cas9s (hfCas9) . There is currently no defined measure of fidelity, so sometimes they...pyrimidine-to-pyrimidine) Base transversions - edit to different classification of nucleotide base (purine-to-pyrimidine...genetic changes, including moving entire genes to different locations, by combining other gene editing mechanisms...

  9. SciComm: Taking Science to Elementary and Middle Schools

    Type
    Blog Post
    ...can recruit parents from any background, it really helps if activities are run by parents who can answer...teachers reached out to their students’ STEM-oriented parents looking for experts to come give guest presentations... and technology into the school curriculum. Our Parent Teacher Association (PTA) has been instrumental... the annual Math & Science Night, a chance for parents and other members of the community to share their...you live in a school district that has a lot of parents in STEM careers, chances are they’re wondering ...expertise with our district middle school was a very different experience since, unlike elementary schools, middle...teachers at our school put out the call to local parents who would feel comfortable speaking on topics that...

  10. Gamma-Retroviral Vector Guide

    Type
    Guide
    ...packaging genes. However, they are different viruses and require different isoforms of these packaging components...type. From an experimental standpoint, the main difference between lentiviruses and gamma-retroviruses is...-type gamma-retrovirus genome. Created with BioRender.com. All gamma-retroviral vectors use the common... gene, due to a wide range of infectivity for different cell types (known as tropism). Figure 2: Gamma-retroviral...Gamma-retroviral plasmids. Created with BioRender.com. Gamma-Retroviral Vector Production Cloning Cloning...with plasmids, visit Addgene’s Molecular Biology Reference . Production Using HEK293T Gamma-retroviral vectors...flexibility to pseudotype gamma-retrovirus using different envelopes to modify tropism, as the env gene can...

  11. To Codon Optimize or Not: That is the Question

    Type
    Blog Post
    ... (Mauro and Chappell, 2014). Different rates of translation by different tRNAs, including those that exhibit...about trends in synthetic biology in Natural or synthetic? How Addgene;s dataset reveals trends in biological...There are 64 different codons that encode 20 amino acids and three stop codons, meaning that the same... Although the genetic code is universal, many different organisms actually prefer certain codons over ...tRNAs that are expressed may be found at very different levels (Mauro and Chappell, 2014). Due to this...that is based on the codon usage frequency in a reference of highly expressed genes (Sharp and Li, 1987)...stop codons. (B) Example of codon usage among different organisms. There are several codons that encode...

  12. Antibodies 101: Isotypes

    Type
    Blog Post
    ...destroy and remove a pathogen. Different isotypes also appear at different stages of an immune response..... Some isotypes have different versions or subclasses that have minor differences in their heavy chain...new Isotype trading cards!     References and resources References Janeway CA Jr, Travers P, Walport...express receptors that recognize the Fc portion of different antibody isotypes. Binding to complement system...that transport antibodies through cells and into different body compartments, such as into mucus, tears, ...Western blotting.  The five isotypes of antibodies Differences in their heavy chain constant regions result ... However, when B cells switch to expressing a different isotype, the intervening DNA sequence is deleted...

  13. Ligation Independent Cloning

    Type
    Protocol
    ...template sequence. 5' and 3' primers will have different leader sequences, but operate on the same principle...

  14. Illuminating Choices: A Guide to Selecting Fluorescent Dyes and Ligands

    Type
    Blog Post
    ... deposited by Promega here.    References and resources   References Allikalt, A., Purkayastha, N., Flad...and fluorescent ligands. Figure created with biorender.com. Fluorescence refers to the emission of...energy due to non-radiative energy losses. This difference in emission results in a slightly longer wavelength...phenomenon is known as the Stokes Shift, or the difference in wavelength between peak excitation spectrum...vary in their chemical structure, leading to differences in their excitation and emission wavelengths,...target specific organelles like mitochondria, and different dyes can result in varying cytoplasmic background...ligands. For instance, studies have shown that different fluorescent ligands can elicit varying degrees...

  15. Technical Design of a Western Blot

    Type
    Blog Post
    ...validated antibodies aren't available or if your experimental conditions are different than the validation... 12% 10–250 kDa Different sizes 4–12% gradient 4–250 kDa Different sizes 4–20% gradient...supplementary figures for validation data, or follow the references to find the original publication and ensure that...recombinant multiclonal antibodies — mixtures of different rAbs that target the same protein — can be used...such as a membrane-bound protein. There are many different lysis buffers available commercially, and most...BME is not as strong as DTT, you’ll have to use different concentrations if you switch from one to the other...to note that Bis and Tris gels run proteins in different patterns, due to their differing chemistries. ...

  16. A Look at Addgene's QC Process

    Type
    Blog Post
    ...reads are mapped against a reference sequence, if one was provided. If no reference is given, de novo assembly...functioning properly or be something completely different than what was originally intended. Sharing unverified...amplification or bacterial growth. Created with BioRender.com.   At Addgene, we put a lot of effort into...scientists worldwide. Depositing scientists provide different types of data for each of their plasmids, from...2. Addgene’s basic QC process. Created with BioRender.com. Once Addgene receives deposited plasmids...plasmid sequence de novo (without the use of a reference sequence) using a bioinformatics pipeline developed...scientists to easily visualize and identify sequence differences between our NGS results and deposited sequences...

  17. A Guide to Designing a Scientific Poster: Content, Layout, and More

    Type
    Blog Post
    ...your poster Check conference guidelines To begin, you should always follow conference rules when designing...useful to use two different font styles; one for your section titles, and a different one for the body ... the most of your conference attendance Read all of our blog posts about conferences .... But, before you can show off your work at a conference, you need to first make your poster. While a ...manuscript. If you have ever attended a scientific conference, or even a lab recruiting session at your university...university, you are likely aware of how different posters can be. You have also probably thought about ...other additions you might wish to include are a references section, contact information, and potentially...

  18. Mouse Modeling, Part 2: Breeding and Crossing Mice

    Type
    Blog Post
    ...separately introduce each mutation independently into different mice, and then these strains should be crossed...of the mutations engineered into each of their parents. Here’s how to cross mice, using a simple example...Mendalian patterns of inheritance: 1. Genotype your parental mice In order to ensure that your genetic modification...generation, your breeding scheme should start with parental mice that are each homozygous for one of the two...targeting vector or gene of interest. 2. Breed your parental mice to generate F1 Once you’ve performed your...desired combination of mutations. Assuming your parental mice were all homozygous for your genes of interest...breeding heterozygous mice. In this case, your parental mouse should be hemizygous at the appropriate ...

  19. Antibodies 101: The Basics of Western Blotting

    Type
    Blog Post
    ...resolving gel. A stacking gel typically has a different ionic strength and lower pH and acrylamide content than...validated for immunoblotting. Different immunoassays detect proteins in different states. For example, in immunoprecipitation... other antibody topics. Resources and references References Aydin S (2015) A short history, principles...to detect the presence or absence of a protein (Renart et al., 1979, Towbin et al., 1979, Burnett et al...the size of the protein of interest. An electric current applied to the gel causes the negatively charged...repeatedly stripped of an antibody and reprobed with different antibodies allowing multiple targets to be assessed...” together with blotting paper and an electric current is applied causing proteins to migrate out of the...

  20. How to Design Your gRNA for CRISPR Genome Editing

    Type
    Blog Post
    ...from that sequence preferences must largely be ignored. Created with BioRender.com. The hammer...exact location of the TSS. Different databases annotate the TSS in different ways, and it has been shown...phenotype of interest. This blog post will discuss differences between these approaches, and provide updates...Doench et al., 2017, and Hanna et al., 2020) and references therein. Nom nom nom. Me love gRNAs! Comic...experiment with CRISPR The hammer, the jigsaw, and the wrench are all great tools, but which one you use, of ...importance (more on this below). Created with BioRender.com. The jigsaw: Editing by HDR, base editing...few potential gRNAs. While SpCas9, with a PAM preference of NGG, is still the most widely-used Cas enzyme...
Showing: 201 - 220 of 1018 results