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  1. Antibodies 101: Choosing the Right Isotype

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    Blog Post
    ...antibody for your application!  References and resources References Lu, Q. L., & Partridge, T. A. (1998... while polyclonal antibodies contain a mix of different isotypes and subclasses. They each have their ...of clones and thus the potential to bind many different sites on the target protein they tend to have ...polyclonal primary antibody contains a mix of different isotypes and subclasses, use a broadly reactive...secondary antibody binding and therefore the signal strength (Fig. 1). Monoclonal primaries If you do decide... be worth considering an antibody raised in a different species.      Table 1: Isotype considerations...targets, look for primary antibodies raised in different, and distantly related, species, and secondary...
  2. Meet an Addgenie: Insights into Grad School, Career Paths, and More

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    Blog Post
    ...My name is Lauren Flynn and I am currently wrapping up my co-op with Addgene as a DNA Sequencing Analyst...concepts that are heard often during undergrad. Lauren Flynn is the Addgenie behind our "Meet an Addgenie...and industry jobs. Since there are a variety of different career paths that don’t all need another degree...can have flexibility and be up to date with the current world. Bioinformatics it is.’” Though she misses...Shannon Rinaldi values loving what she does. Her parents told her that if she found something she loves ...-op. It has been so insightful to learn about different career paths, successes and failures, values, ... Lauren Flynn...
  3. Open Resources and Plasmid Tools For Studying C. elegans

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    Blog Post
    ...collaboration. The field already has comprehensive reference pages and curated databases for scientists including...discussion on the best strategies and protocols for different experiments.  In this blog post let's take a ...atlas of every C.elegans  neuron. Scientists are currently doing this using two approaches: single-cell RNA-sequencing... peer-reviewed and assigned a DOI that can be referenced. In addition the data published in microPublications...embryonic genes are individually depleted via RNA interference (RNAi). Scientists monitor the effects of RNAi...RNAi using four-dimensional contrast interference (DIC) microscopy and computer imaging processing. The... back frequently for what’s new and popular! References Hammarlund, Marc, et al. "The CeNGEN Project:...
  4. Plasmids 101: In-house NGS Plasmid Quality Control Now at Addgene

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    Blog Post
    ...examine three things: Aligning the NGS result to a reference sequence to confirm backbone elements.   Confirming...deposited plasmids is to align the NGS result to a reference sequence like a known backbone sequence. We’re...through BLAST or by direct alignment to an NCBI reference sequence or a sequence provided by the depositor...synthesized regions that have no publicly available reference sequence or plasmids containing genes with many...the depositing laboratory confirms that these differences are expected and do not affect plasmid function...challenging to QC by NGS as they are often quite different from one library to another. They also differ ... Repository sometime soon. Stay posted!     References Guerin K, Rego M, Bourges D, Ersing I, Haery ...
  5. Pooled Library Amplifications

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    Blog Post
    ...library protocols you can use as a reference. Table 1: Examples of Different Pooled Libraries at Addgene.  ... plasmids in your library (Are the inserts of different sizes?), and the desired coverage for the library...library amplification protocol. Created with BioRender.com.   The most important factor to consider...For this reason, if your library has inserts of different sizes (such as a transcription factor overexpression...your growth time (e.g., 16-18 hours). Finding reference protocols There are many decisions to make when...pDNA Library Amplification protocol are useful references. Skim through our Pooled Library page to find...“one-size-fits-all” protocol! Each library is different, and you should always experimentally test the...
  6. AAV Vector Quality Control: Going the Extra Mile with NGS

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    Blog Post
    ... Snapgene and Geneious software. References and resources References Chadeuf G, Ciron C, Moullier P, Salvetti...sequencing reads (~150 bp each) are aligned to the reference sequence of the plasmid used to create the viral...more than 90% of the reads should align to this reference sequence. Second, we perform a megaBLAST search...search on all the reads that did not map to the reference sequence. The resulting list of hits is then carefully...reads into longer DNA contigs without using a reference sequence. The five contigs with the most total...Harten DeMaio K, Sanders E, Tasissa M, Kostman M, Tillgren M, Makana Hanley L, Mueller I, Mitsopoulos A, ... Karen Guerin...
  7. Genome-wide Screening Using CRISPR

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    Blog Post
    ... are composed of many different gRNA-containing plasmids, each with a different genomic target. The goal...1.  What species are your cells derived from? Currently, Addgene carries CRISPR libraries that target ...genome, or a specific class of genes? Addgene currently carries several genome-wide CRISPR libraries and...cell or set of cells containing a mutation in a different gene. Libraries may be available in a 1-plasmid...multiple replicates and several cell types can strengthen your results. Enrichment or depletion of multiple... out our CRISPR Plasmids and Resources Page. References McDade JR, Waxmonsky NC, Swanson LE, Fan M (2016... for Using Pooled Lentiviral CRISPR Libraries. Current Protocols in Molecular Biology 115: . https://doi.org...
  8. Getting to Know Expansion Microscopy

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    Blog Post
    ...the integrity of different targets and labels. You may want to check out a few different protocols to look...you’ve been looking for too!     References and resources References Bertiaux E, Balestra AC, Bournonville... two points within ~250 nm of each other. For reference, individual presynaptic terminals, which are jam...optically magnify quite so much. Created with biorender.com Steps 2-4 are not found in standard IHC/ICC...traditional full IgG secondaries, can improve signal strength (Sherry and Stiles, 2022). Fourth, signal continuity...2020). Plus, it’s been demonstrated to work in different model systems, paired with SRM techniques, and...
  9. Plasmids 101: Colony PCR

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    Blog Post
    ...created with the same backbone but that contain different inserts. When you design primers to anneal outside...primer pair to screen for the presence of many different inserts. The downside: this type of primer does... The type of primers you use depends on your preferences. Either way, make sure to test your colony PCR...a standard PCR thermocycling program. One key difference is the plasmid DNA must be released from the ...and without an insert. These controls are quick references you can use when you run your PCR products out... an appropriate molecular weight standard for reference and to add a loading dye with glycerol to your...products have any mutations.  There are lots of different cloning strategies, but regardless of which is...
  10. Transferable Skills Guide: Identifying Your Transferable Skills

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    Blog Post
    ...social life and rest. I need it just as much in my current role as Customer Support and Operations Manager...and projects. It is crucial to identify these strengths within yourself, and to demonstrate them to the...collaboration and fail to identify it as a personal strength until it is identified by another person. Similar...situations where you can learn more about possible strengths and weaknesses, and view everything as a learning...naturally to you. How is this new opportunity much different? Might you already have leadership skills that...solution to the person over email. Examine your current and past job descriptions. Scan through all the...piece of paper and list all the skills that your current or past job requires day-to-day, and you’ll get...
  11. Twenty Years of Sharing: Expanding Accessibility

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    Blog Post
    ..., many plasmids were available, but they often weren’t easily accessible, due to a wide range of logistical...world. This idea, that available and accessible weren’t always the same thing, shaped both Addgene’s founding...distributor for that country. In China, direct shipments weren’t able to clear import control. Partnering with a...form of problem-solving. When universal solutions aren’t enough to ensure accessibility, partnering with...particular topic into beautifully designed and easy-to-reference eBooks. Figure 3: Global readership of the Addgene...which received over two million views from 119 different countries (Figure 4). Four of the five most popular...researchers who use them. The best part of any conference is scientists, from techs to grad students to...
  12. Getting the Most from Your Lentiviral Transduction

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    Blog Post
    ...be translated to other lines. Differences in the physiology of different cell types, however, can make...not only between serum from different manufacturers but also between different lots of serum from the same...concentrated dilutions you will be able to overcome differences in receptor expression. It's all in the mix Even...typically employ the positively charged polycation, polybrene. Interestingly, one study found that alternative...Virus? Check out Addgene's New Viral Service! References 1. Hay, R.J., Macy, M.L. & Chen, T.R. “Mycoplasma...tropism of lentiviral vectors through pseudotyping.” Current Gene Therapy 5.4 (2005). 387-98. Pubmed PMID: 16101513...
  13. IBEX Knowledge-Base: A Data Resource for Multiplex Tissue Imaging

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    Blog Post
    ...shared ownership. Go check it out! References and Resources References Radtke, A. J., Chu, C. J., Yaniv,...mean highly multiplexed: you can image over 65 different parameters using this method (see Movie S8 from...for spatial biology enthusiasts. This dataset currently includes 1049 community-validated reagents from...fluorescent probes, representing imaging from 47 different tissues. Researchers upload and share both their...resources .csv file for easy filtering and sorting. Reference images can be viewed by clicking on the links ...data, more discussion, and more functionality. Transparency, both in what works and in what doesn’t, and...
  14. New Optogenetic Tools for Cytoskeleton and Membrane Control

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    Blog Post
    ...of interest supports a variety of processes in different cell types. One great way to do this is to use...model for optogenetic studies since they are transparent and the developing embryo is accessible for injection...SuperPLD module is optogenetically recruited by different CIB constructs to the plasma membrane or lysosomes...future updates to the collection! Resources and references Additional resources on the Addgene blog Viral....org Optogenetics Guide Optogenetics Plasmids References Aljiboury, A. A., Ingram, E., Krishnan, N., Ononiwu...precise control over vascular endothelial barrier strength. eLife, 12, RP84364. https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife...optogenetic tool for localized, microtubule disassembly. Current Biology, 32(21), 4660-4674.e6. https://doi.org/...
  15. Using Phosphoserine to Study Protein Phosphorylation

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    Blog Post
    ...however different proteins will likely achieve different levels of incorporation due to differences in stability... further technical reference and protocols for use of this system, please reference ‘Rinehart Lab reagents...tools such as phosphospecific antibodies, which aren’t available for the majority of documented phosphorylation... length of induction, which will vary between different proteins. Beyond these standard considerations...mitochondrion. You can follow her on Twitter @nieminm.   References 1. Cohen, Philip. "The origins of protein phosphorylation...
  16. Multicolor Animals: Using Fluorescent Proteins to Understand Single Cell Behavior

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    Blog Post
    ...construct containing fluorescent proteins (XFP) of different colors to label an organ or entire organism. Because...localization sequence, allowing it to localize to a different area of the cell than CFP and YFP. The most recent...could recombine to activate the expression of a different fluorescent protein. Therefore, each cell could...Confetti mouse was first used to describe the self-renewal of cells in the intestinal crypt, and since then...proliferating cells. Tetbow optimizes Brainbow for current technologies Tetbow (Sakaguchi et al., 2018) overcame...method that makes tissues, such as the brain, transparent so that the 3D architecture of a fluorescent ...can be combined with new imaging techniques.  References Cai, Dawen, et al. "Improved tools for the Brainbow...
  17. Deep Mutational Scanning with One Pot Saturation Mutagenesis

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    Blog Post
    ...works well to generate libraries, they all have inherent shortcomings compared to one pot saturation mutagenesis... and scalability (see Supplementary Table 1 of Wrenbeck et al). It uses a uracil labeled wild-type ssDNA... saturation mutagenesis technique described in Wrenbeck et al is a PCR-based approach for generating a...264 basepairs, was the maximum length tested by Wrenbeck et al but it’s likely that longer stretches of...of positive clones. See Supplementary Note 1 in Wrenbeck et al for details on how nicking was optimized...mutagenesis? How would you use it in your research? References 1. Natarajan, Chandrasekhar, et al. "Epistasis...Protocols, pg. 103-109. PubMed PMID: 20676978. 3. Wrenbeck, Emily E., Justin R. Klesmith, James A. Stapleton...
  18. Plasmids 101: Common Lab E. coli Strains

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    ...hard to count the number of different commercial strains of E. coli currently available – a quick Google...the intestinal tract of animals. There are many different naturally occurring strains of E. coli, some of...more convoluted due to researchers sharing and renaming samples throughout history. It was likely isolated...tetracycline Additionally, Table 2 provides a quick reference for some of the popular strains, their genotypes...lacZΔM15] hsdR17(rK-mK+)  MC1061 Streptomycin Parent of DH10B/TOP10 and derived strains, common lab ... has a great list of genetic markers for your reference. Browse Addgene's curated list of Bacterial Expression... Matthew Ferenc...
  19. Are Hybrid Guide RNAs Right for Your CRISPR Application?

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    Blog Post
    ...sequences have different tolerances for substitution of DNA bases. Created with BioRender.com. What are... required for best results. Different targets benefit most from different DNA substitutions, although ...hybrid guides in the comments below! References and Resources References Kim, H., Lee, W., Oh, Y., Kang, S...Hacker, J. L., Qu, P., Wang, J. Z., Levine, M. A., Ahrens-Nicklas, R. C., Li, Q., Musunuru, K., Alameh, M...
  20. Antibodies 101: Fc Effector Functions

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    Blog Post
    ...subclass, and are part of the reason why different isotypes drive different types of immune responses. Handily... do so much more than that!    References and resources References Clynes RA, Towers TL, Presta LG, ...immune cells. (psst! Need a quick review of the different immune responses? We got you! You can also review...receptors; and so on and so forth. There are a lot of different receptors, but their downstream effects can be...region contributes to affinity and specificity. Trends in Immunology, 29(2), 91–97. https://doi.org/10.1016...
  21. Early Career Researcher Toolbox: Free Tools for Making Scientific Graphics

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    Blog Post
    ... to use pre-drawn images in your figures Biorender Biorender is like clip art for scientists. The web-...guarantee Biorender will create it. Additionally, you can upload your own images to the Biorender workspace...workspace. Free Biorender accounts can store 5 workspaces at a time and workspaces are only downloadable in...in a small file size with a Biorender watermark, which is usually ok for informal settings like lab meeting... paid account.  I’m proud to announce that @BioRender (a project my team & I have poured our hearts ...
  22. Networking and Inspiring Young Scientists at Freshers Fairs

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    Blog Post
    ...Laureates, who speak about their work and current, trending topics in their area of research. The society...students with their applications. The society currently has 1,283 members, who comprise undergraduates...students who want to study chemistry. The society currently has 352 members, ranging from undergrad all the...Biological Society based at the University of Oxford currently has around 700 members and hosts a range of scientific...provides talks and career support for a range of different scientific disciplines, as well as social and ...members as well as arranging collaborations and conferences for their students. Another large goal of the...
  23. A Tour of Addgene's Most Popular Pooled Libraries

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    Blog Post
    ...thousands or millions of different books. Addgene’s pooled libraries are a little different: each is a collection...variety of high-throughput experiments. There are currently 390 pooled libraries available at Addgene, with...barcoding with a pooled library. Created with BioRender.com. The CellTag libraries from the Samantha...screening with a pooled library. Created with BioRender.com. The popular (and deliciously named) Brie...Pooled libraries can be designed for all kinds of different high-throughput experiments. Our most popular ... also be conducted with yeast. Created with BioRender.com. Conclusion Have we whetted your appetite...
  24. Is this the right place for me? 8 tactics for choosing a lab

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    Blog Post
    ...something you CAN choose and it will make a huge difference for your future career and life. You might see...amazing scientists, but the labs were profoundly different. My first rotation was with a mid-sized lab with...hone in on the factors that will make the most difference for your success. Gather data on the lab choices...? What is the energy level in the lab? Does a frenetic atmosphere make you edgy or energized?   Are you...used to a lot of attention? Or are you one of 8 children and used to getting the attention you need? Are...your best performance and learning? Everyone’s different so give some thought to what atmosphere makes ...lifelong learners. I believe we won’t be happy if we aren’t learning so before you take any position you must...
  25. Plasmids 101: Dimers and Multimers

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    Blog Post
    ...plasmid sample has a mix of different-sized multimers, you may even see different sets of bands on the gel... us at [email protected]. Resources and References References Bacolla A, Wang G, Jain A, Chuzhanova NA...multimerization has been observed to occur in many different kinds of plasmids, taking many forms (Levene, ...from BiteSize Bio for more information on how different plasmid conformations run on an agarose gel). ... tips. Portions of this figure were made with BioRender.   Grow plasmids in recombinase-deficient...Plasmids 101 eBookAddgene's Molecular Biology ReferenceAddgene's Restriction Digest Protocol More resources...
  26. Summer SciComm Series: A PhD in Science Communication

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    Blog Post
    ...efficacy of different materials so that we could have discussions about the pros and cons of different fabrics...about the difference between airborne and aerosolised droplet transmission and how different fabrics and...sexual and reproductive health.    References and Resources References Drummond, C., & Fischhoff, B. (2017...used to stay up past my bedtime, poring over my grandparents’ medical textbooks by torchlight under the covers...
  27. Plasmids 101: Gram Negative and Positive Bacteria

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    ...in 1983. The differences between gram positive and negative bacteria is due to differences in cell wall...minoring in studio arts photography.  References and resources References Silhavy, TJ., Kahne, D. & Walker ...negative and positive bacteria are permeable to different classes of antibiotics. The classification system...system is incredibly helpful in visualizing differentiations between bacteria, leading to safer medicine...diagnostics/22612-gram-stain Hardy, J. Gram’s Serendipitous Stain. https://hardydiagnostics.com/wp-content...
  28. FPbase: A new community-editable fluorescent protein database

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    ...view previous versions.  Currently, all submissions also require a DOI referencing primary literature, and...the time) began an effort to collate some of the current “best” FPs, and I collaborated with him on a web-based...that one might like to store about FPs than is currently represented at fpvis (complete spectral information...sequences and lineages, FRET efficiencies, additional references, etc...) and a more robust database structure...address).  One may also simply attach important references that serve to further characterize a protein ...plenty of room for improvement and elaboration.  Current projects include incorporation of biosensors, protein...
  29. Visualizing Genomic Loci with CRISPR-Sirius

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    Blog Post
    ...cells (Ma et al., 2015). To do so, they fused a different fluorescent protein to various Cas9 variants, ...either MS2, PP7, or boxB) that each recruits a different fluorescent protein (BFP, GFP, or RFP) to the ...green, or red readout. But gRNAs containing two different hairpins will produce a secondary color (yellow...allows for simultaneous visualization of sites on different chromosomes in living cells, the system requires...they chose an intergenic DNA region (IDR3) as a reference loci to measure inter-locus distances of loci ...sgRNA-Sirius-4X(MS2-PP7) showing recruitment of different fluorescent proteins. (B) CRISPR-Sirius used to...try. Find CRISPR-Sirius plasmids at Addgene. References Ma, Hanhui et al. “Multicolor CRISPR labeling...
  30. CasPEDIA: A Functional Classification of Cas Enzymes

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    Blog Post
    ...new features to the tool. Resources and References References Adler, B., Trinidad, M., Bellieny-Rabelo...CasID, to help facilitate direct comparison of different enzymes. CasPEDIA is meant to be a constantly ...plasmids containing that enzyme, and embedded in the References lists on every page you can find direct links...design, etc.). With this feature, you can compare different Cas enzymes to make sure you are getting the desired...the winner!).   Fig. 3 – Comparison of different Cas enzymes using CasPEDIA. Adapted from Adler...Phylogeny tool allows users to browse entries by the current phylogenetic nomenclature and discover orthologs...
Showing: 361 - 390 of 1044 results