...cell type doesn’t always lend itself to direct application of virus. However, the cargo capacity of AAV ...gamma-retro viruses. This is large enough for many applications, but in some cases multiple AAVs (co-infection...and AAV. If you’re wondering more about what applications these viruses are good for, we have plenty of...Adenovirus-Mediated Gene Delivery: Potential Applications for Gene and Cell-Based Therapies in the New...Gammaretroviral vectors: biology, technology and application. Viruses. 2011 Jun;3(6):677-713. DOI: 10.3390... Campos MD, Materatski P. An Overview of the Application of Viruses to Biotechnology. Viruses. 2021 Oct...

...information in the future. Approach: Outline a brief overview of the approach that you will take to help...biologists are finding themselves using computational approaches to analyze large data sets (myself included) ...your analysis, even if your conclusion is “this approach is not ideal because…” Including a conclusion ...or may not be where you also record your goal, approach, and conclusions (see above). Keep original ...in my own research. Again, some of this may not apply or may not work for you. The best way to find a ...

... our knowledge. Disease Applications Q13: Does AAV have potential applications in diseases which may be... be best served by a dual vector, split intein approach.   Q3: What’s the best method for titering AAV...1x1014 vg/ml.. As evident in our repository, this application is an outlier for PHP.eB (1x1011 - 1x1012 vg/...systemic injections? A: We have not observed any appreciable difference in AAV transduction efficiency between...CRISPR tools is an exciting area for future AAV application to epigenetic editing. This area is discussed...

...editing applications.  Figure 4: Overview of CasMINI for genome engineering applications. Image ...stability in cells, and use it in a variety of applications. This set of new anti-FLAG frankebodies includes...to FLAG-tag H2B for nuclear localization. (c) Applications of anti-FLAG-FB-GFP labeling various targets... and anti-HA frankenbodies have a variety of applications, including live-cell imaging, single-molecule...challenges for in vivo delivery and cell engineering applications. CasMINI, a new miniature CRISPR-Cas system ...

...fluorophores, together, are able to give you the appropriate readout. A common method of labeling proteins... wavelength. Likewise, the emitted photons also appear within a range of wavelengths. For that reason,...excitation and emission are the most efficient (i.e., happen most of the time). Figure 1 shows a graph from ...higher-wavelength emission spectrum compared to APC. This happens due to a process called Fluorescence Resonance ... the fluorophore, and whether that fluorophore appears alone or in conjugation with another fluorophore...absorption at 650 nm, APC-Cy7's optimal excitation happens at higher wavelengths of about 750 nm. Source: ...Besides some background cell death constantly happening in cell culture, the transduction process itself...

...upcoming posts in this optogenetics primer series, I’m happy to share some of the tips and tricks and I’ve learned...memory task, on the other hand, would not be an appropriate test.  Of course, proper controls are required...using these lines is, if one is crossed with an appropriate mouse line expressing a particular cre, viral...22430017. 2. Fenno L, et al. The development and application of optogenetics. Annual review of neuroscience...PMC3225502. 4. Mattis J, et al. Principles for applying optogenetic tools derived from direct comparative...neuronal populations using combinatorial viral approaches. Current protocols in neuroscience / editorial...PMC3191888. 9. Zeng H, Madisen L. Mouse transgenic approaches in optogenetics. Progress in brain research. ...

...developed by the James and Schuh labs. Clift et al. applied TRIM-away to nine proteins in ten ddifferent cell... sometimes incorporating chemically inducible approaches to provide temporal control, this new system,...Epigenome editing by Cas9 (FIRE–Cas9), combines these approaches to enable rapid and reversible recruitment of...target multiple loci at once. In addition, the approach allows minute-by-minute analysis of the kinetics...domain. Transcription factor activation via the appropriate ligand - estradiol for hER or progesterone for...leads to nuclear localization, binding to the appropriate promoter sequence and activation of gene expression...

...the co-op application process, my advisor encouraged me to keep my values in mind as I applied. Thinking...My name is Lauren Flynn and I am currently wrapping up my co-op with Addgene as a DNA Sequencing Analyst...s and leave. I was really devastated when that happened. I didn't know if I should even stay in science...in your career path and still find comfort and happiness there. Read all of the Meet an Addgenies features...connections with my coworkers that may not have happened if we hadn’t had these conversations. Now, I am...

... Ophthalmology Basel recently took a different approach to enhance specificity in retinal cells. To do...type specific expression in the retina.  Four approaches for designing synthetic promoters  To build a...reproducibly labeled retinal cells can be found here.  Applications for synthetic promoter AAVs Besides restricting...synthetic promoters have a few other potential applications: Using promoter combinations for targeted expression... promoters expressed in. The lab tested this application using one promoter to drive expression of Cre-mCherry... rates of labeling are ideal of gene therapy applications, promoters that produce sparse labeling would...

... to increase AAV transduction efficiency by approximately 15-fold (Chen et al., 2006). 3. Transduction... at 4 °C). After ultracentrifugation, virus may appear as a white pellet. The pellet can then be rinsed... This antibiotic selection can be performed approximately 72 hours after transfection and should give ...give rise to a surviving population of approximately 20–50% of the packaging cells after 1–3 days of selection... could be examined with a microscope and should appear fluorescent if they were infected. While there ...transfection, higher-level expression after approximately 72 hours is likely the result of successful ...

...simpler, yet more effective, CRISPR-based epigenetic approach (spoiler alert: it’s dCas9… with no modifications...). But there are a number of drawbacks to this approach: TET proteins are not demethylases; they are ...and Szyf 2021).    Figure 3: A simpler approach - dCas9 blocks DNMT1 methylation, leaving the ...resistance genes.  It’s that simple! Good luck and happy editing!    Thank you to our guest blogger!Daniel...Addgene blog CRISPR101: Editing the Epigenome  Mapping the 4D Nucleome with CRISPR/Cas9 Resources at ...Xu X, Tao Y, Gao X et al. (2016) A CRISPR-based approach for targeted DNA demethylation. Cell Discov 2,...

...to be less expensive than an ELISA kit. In this approach, viral RNA is first converted to cDNA and then...several different lentiviruses in parallel, this approach should be considered. Similar to the p24 assay... Fluoresence Titering Protocol Another popular approach utilizes the antibiotic resistance genes carried...have integrated into a target cell’s genome. This approach can discriminate multiple integration events, ...underestimating the viral titer. The main drawback of this approach is that it can be quite labor intensive. Target...virus may want to choose more straightforward approaches such as the FACS-based or colony-forming unit...

...The strategy they landed on was to recombinantly append their proteins of interest with unrelated peptides...generate a reliable antibody for protein tagging approaches” was not part of the goal when Evan’s team generated...plays in human health and disease. But no science happens in a vacuum!  Munro and Pelham learned of these... flexible - it could now be used in way more applications.   Fig. 1 Making a Protein Tag (Abridged...their study, some of the newer Myc-tag antibodies appeared to be less sensitive to sequence context.    So...proteins expressed from cloned genes: deletion mapping functional domains of Drosophila hsp 70. Embo J...

...your resume pulled to the top of the pile when you apply for such positions. Of course, if your goal is to...transition from an academic setting—especially if job applications require teaching experience or high numbers ...web site. Each position is for a specific, pre-approved project. Other companies, such as Novartis, have...s program. Once you’ve found a few positions to apply for, compare and contrast industry postdocs at those...not. The point is that each company has a unique approach, and some might suit your needs better than others...background in cell and developmental biology and is applying this towards researching neurodegenerative diseases...

...10 modules often rely on two-step hierarchical approaches using different Type IIS restriction enzyme specificities...transformation plate can be manipulated to result in appropriate levels of colony plating densities. Ligase fidelity...accuracy of assembly. The fidelity data can be applied to derive similar high-fidelity overhangs for any...researchers continue to test the limits of DNA assembly approaches with increasingly complex experimental conditions...Kucera is a Principal Development Scientist of Applications & Product Development focusing on DNA cloning...Optimization of Golden Gate assembly through application of ligation sequence-dependent fidelity and bias...

...18% to 65% (Maggio et al., 2014). An alternative approach to NHEJ is to utilize the Homology Directed Repair...phenomenon to the presence of terminal proteins capping the ends of linear double-stranded AdV genomes....double-stranded chromosomal DNA breaks “that always happen naturally.” These adenoviral CRISPR/Cas9 genome...and quiescent, post-mitotic mammalian cells. Applications of CRISPR delivery by adenoviral vectors Since... Adv vector delivery is often used, the CRISPR approach based on HDR has the advantage of being a potentially...Strategies for Tissue-Specific Targeting. In: Applications of viruses for cancer therapy. Elsevier, pp ...

...and Mar. 1, 2020. Figure 2: A simple approximation of the effect of COVID-19 on data smoothed with...a 7-day rolling mean. While this global approximation already shows us a rough "COVID-19 effect" on...maximum likelihood estimates of each parameter. We approximated the data likelihood with multivariate Gauss-...the supposed end of lockdown), request activity appears to return to normal. The model fit these two discrete...is a Ph.D. candidate at MIT. His research uses applied machine learning and statistical methods for fundamental...fundamental scientific discovery and high-impact applications.       Alvin Hsu is a graduate student at Harvard...

...involves partitioning a PCR reaction mixture into approximately 20,000 droplets using water-oil emulsion technology...to create a water-in-oil emulsion containing approximately 20,000 droplets. Each droplet contains the material...droplets. In the image to the right, there is approximately 1 positive copy per microliter in the no template... use ddPCR for AAV titration, there are many applications for the technology.  Droplet digital PCR is ...being used in the detection of microbes. Some applications include measuring viable probiotics and detecting...detecting circulating pathogens.  With its many applications and ease of use, droplet digital PCR is becoming...

...a number of labs are using enChIP, and I'm very happy to see that many researchers all over the world ...describe this technology and some of its potential applications? Fujii: We generated a series of retroviral ...the peer-review system of journals and grant applications, for example. However, at the same time, it'...Throughout your career, you have held research appointments in the US (New York University School of Medicine...which only one was done in Japan, which is very disappointing. I hope I can help change the situation in the...and graduate students as they complete their appointments in your lab?  Fujii: These days it is very difficult...

...their experimental needs, and some of the common applications in the lab. Why Green Fluorescent Protein?...Re-engineering GFP to increase its range of color and application Almost as soon as its sequence was elucidated...the mutation definitions found in Table 2 may not apply. Table 1: The specific mutations comprising common...others) Neutral mutations    A multitude of applications Due to its size and ease of use, GFP and other...change. Typically, two fluorescent proteins with overlapping excitation/emission spectra are used; one fused... just scratched the surface of the potential applications for GFP. It has also been used to identify particular...