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TypeBlog Post...strategies is strongly advised. The effects are multiplicative, and there are very few gene drive experiments...An accidental release could delay real-world applications against scourges such as malaria and dengue ...about gene drives can be found in the referenced publications. Thank you to our guest blogger! An inventor...2003). PubMed. Esvelt, K. M., Smidler, A. L., Catteruccia, F. & Church, G. M. Concerning RNA-guided gene...
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INTEGRATE: Bacterial Genome Engineering Using CRISPR-Transposons
TypeBlog Post... and have been adapted for a wide variety of applications - as mutagenesis tools for genetic studies (... The process also creates a 5-bp target-site duplication (TSD), a hallmark characteristic of the Tn7-family...the new streamlined VchINT system was shown to catalyze insertion of mini-transposons up to 10 kb in size...at one or multiple desired genomic loci. Many applications of these systems have already been demonstrated... -
Don’t FRET: Bimolecular Fluorescence Complementation Makes Visualizing Protein-Protein Interactions Easy
TypeBlog Post...PIPs, resulting in a fluorescent readout. Applications for bimolecular fluorescence complementation...resulting from the assayed PPI. This high-throughput application is much more straightforward to carry out because...protein construction, cellular expression, and quantification (Kerppola, 2006, 2013). These are described... supraphysiological expression levels. BiFC quantification This is where BiFC outshines FRET — BiFC experiments... -
A Guide to Starting Your Own Journal Club
TypeBlog Post...emerging work by collaboratively discussing recent publications in a specific field(s). Most anyone who has ...the company at large, by polling and informal communications we made a decision to try out a Bioinformatics...major findings and then focusing more on broader implications rather than diving deep into the individual .... These variations are suited for different applications and should be carefully chosen for each group... -
Getting to Know Expansion Microscopy
TypeBlog Post...with an abundance of protocols and examples of applications from across disciplines now available. In this...experiment or evaluating ExM images in a new publication. Why Expansion Microscopy? Traditional...microscopes sounds great, right? But there is always a catch - some limitation of the technique that users should...Tissue expansion is not compatible with in vivo applications and there’s just not much to be done about that... -
CRISPR 101: Making a Knock-In Cell Line
TypeBlog Post...cut site location Position your CRISPR cut site as close as possible to the knock-in location. HDR depends...sequence to be incorporated at a precise genomic location, with little to no room for error. It’s no surprise...nutrients in their media, they will not undergo DNA replication, so make sure you are keeping an eye on those... -
Uncovering Ancestral Bias in CRISPR Research
TypeBlog Post...Dependency Map cancer cell lines (left). Heatmap indicating the breakdown of ancestry associated dependencies...machinery where to cut. Fig. 2: Heatmap indicating loci where SNPs reside on sgRNA target sequences...Understanding the impact Fig. 3: Histograms indicating the frequency (x-axis) which SNPs map to thetargeting...same reference genomes and libraries. Further complicating the issue is the long and ugly history of reporting... -
Better Dyeing Through Chemistry & Small Molecule Fluorophores
TypeBlog Post...Subsequent advances in fluorescent proteins have replicated many of the properties once exclusive to small-molecules...phosphopantetheinyltransferase) – These enzymes catalyze the covalent attachment of a fluorophore ligand...labels for fixed-cell imaging, not for live-cell applications. Thus, these fluorophores are often bulky and...the Addgene Blog Learn About Other Protein Tags Catch Up on Your Fluorescent Protein Background Which ... -
Tips for Screening with Yeast Two Hybrid Systems
TypeBlog Post... can often be accounted for using appropriate replicates and controls (see Tips below), and by validating...two-hybrid screening Minimizing false positives: Run replicates of the experiment to reduce the likelihood of...expression and correct folding, post-translational modification, protein degradation, access to the nucleus ...co-expression of the enzyme responsible for the modification in the assay host strain can help. In order... -
Analyzing CRISPR Editing Results with ICE from Synthego
TypeBlog Post...either one at a time or as a batch of hundreds, and indicate the guide RNA sequence you used. The ICE tool ...are no parameters that need optimizing and no complicated steps to learn. For increased flexibility and...checked circle. Typically, a yellow check mark indicates that a particular parameter was automatically ...support team at Synthego. Her work centers around educating and supporting novice to expert-level researchers... -
Plasmids 101: Gateway Cloning
TypeBlog Post...attP sites of the donor vector. This reaction is catalyzed by the BP Clonase enzyme mix and generates the...sites of the destination vector. This reaction is catalyzed by the LR Clonase enzyme mix. As a result, an ...carry different antibiotic resistance markers (indicated here by plasmid color), allowing you to easily...is simple - no restriction, ligation or gel purification steps are required! Multiple fragment cloning... -
Mesothelioma - Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment
TypeBlog Post...cancer. These later stages of a cancer diagnosis indicate, for Stage 3, that the cancer is large in size...size and may have spread while Stage 4 indicates that the cancer has spread from where it originated to ... dire prognosis for mesothelioma patients is to catch the disease earlier. New techniques are currently... working to fight the cancer. Beyond early modifications to standard treatments and early detection, ... -
Advanced Uses of Cre-lox and Flp-FRT - A Neuroscientist’s View
TypeBlog Post... gives you a single level of control without modification - either Cre is there or it’s not. Cre-mediated... sites can lead to excision, inversion, and translocation of DNA in a similar fashion as between loxP ...37 °C). Smart molecular evolution led to the identification of FLPe which has a temperature optimum of ...-LDB domains of the fusions allowing Cre/FLP translocate to the nucleus where they exert their recombinase... -
The Challenges of Cell Culture
TypeBlog Post...Marker-independent identification of glioma-initiating cells. The International Cell Line Authentication Committee...propagation of the line, and can include assays for authentication and contamination) and cell lines can become...let alone the human cost. Here are just a few publications which have since been retracted due to cell ... -
Plasmids 101: The Promoter Region – Let's Go!
TypeBlog Post...resistance gene and the origin of replication are necessary to replicate plasmids and make sure the cells...length version is strong with high expression. Truncated promoters are constitutive with lower expression...metabolic operon Inducible by arabinose and repressed catabolite repression in the presence of glucose or by competitive... -
Filming Science Videos in the Age of Social Distancing
TypeBlog Post...Creating great educational science videos is tough. Is the content accurate? Are we conveying complex... had set up involved multiple people in tight locations. Conference rooms for on-screen presenters! Labs...wasn’t going to work for the majority of our educational videos. In addition, it’s really asking a lot...receiver, to beam the camera’s image to my remote location, live. After doing a bit of looking, I found an... -
Transferable Skills Guide: Time Management
TypeBlog Post... the planning section below, it’s important to dedicate specific amounts of time to specific tasks beforehand...instance, if I don’t have draft blog post ready for publication for tomorrow, I’d better upload that post from...handle doing a particularly annoying task and then dedicating that much time to it each day. Once you get over...Student Community Learn about Careers in Science Communication Resources at Addgene.org Check out Careers... -
How to Negotiate a Successful Lab Start Up Budget
TypeBlog Post.... After identifying all the major equipment, categorize all of your minor tools, like pipets, or mini-centrifuges...titles in the regions where the host institute is located. For example, salaries in Kansas versus salaries... most start-up P.I.’s. It doesn’t have to be complicated, or difficult to create this list. Start BEFORE...discounts, collaborations, access to internal award applications, etc. If this is the institute that can help... -
Evolution of Brainbow: Using Cre-lox for Multicolor Labeling of Neurons
TypeBlog Post...of farnesylated derivatives enables labeling of delicate axonal and dendritic processes not previously ...Between Brainbow Systems Brainbow variants and applications beyond the mouse brain In addition to improving...temporal control without the need for germline modification, and enables Brainbow to be used in a variety...technique will provide important insights into the complicated physical organization of the brain and other ... -
Viral Vectors 101: AAV Serotypes and Tissue Tropism
TypeBlog Post...vessel barriers. It is especially popular for applications targeting liver tissue. In addition, it has ...the blood-brain barrier, making it useful for applications targeting the CNS (Issa et al., 2023). Additionally...treatment, which can pose problems for gene therapy applications. Cross-reactivity of AAV serotypes varies by.... A. (2023). Various AAV Serotypes and Their Applications in Gene Therapy: An Overview. Cells, 12(5), ... -
Antibodies 101: Multiplex Immunofluorescence
TypeBlog Post...protein is (localization) and how much there is (quantification). But what if you’ve got several interesting...primary antibodies that have been validated in IF applications (find IHC validated or ICC validated antibodies...informative image-based figures for scientific publications. PLOS Biology, 19(3), e3001161. https://doi....Immunocytochemistry Protocols for other antibody applications... -
Finding Your Perfect Job After University
TypeBlog Post...at the Institute of Cancer Research in Sutton, located on the edge of London to gain relevant experience...recession. As each advertised job received many applications, employers were requesting that only scientists...commercial company. In my particular situation, communication between departments was sometimes difficult ... order to have meetings between teams. This communication is vital because otherwise I’d lose touch with... -
Introducing the Addgene Antibodies 101 eBook!
TypeBlog Post...resource for anyone looking to use antibody-based applications in their research. Like all our eBooks, the...through the process. If you’re confident in your application and protocols, but can’t quite seem to find an...for Your Experiment.” Whatever your antibody application question, the Antibody 101 eBook is a great place... -
Which Fluorescence Microscopy Techniques is Best for Me?
TypeBlog Post...light path. Each hole corresponds to a different location in the sample. As more than one hole is illuminated...questions will place each sample into one of four categories that are each suited to different types of modern...as spinning disk confocal. However, due to the scattering nature of biological tissue, imaging more than... allow for multi-view imaging can image thick scattering samples in their entirety, something that is ... -
CRISPR 101: Multiplex Expression of gRNAs
TypeBlog Post.... Using multiplexed gRNAs can target multiple locations in the genome to modify, whether it be editing... use is pX333 from the Ventura lab. pX333, a modification of pX330, contains humanized wtCas9 and two ...thus marking cells that have undergone genomic modification. In this system, Cas9 must be supplied on a ...with Cpf1 Additional Resources on Addgene.org Catch Up on Your CRISPR Background with Our Guide Pages... -
A Needle in a Base-Stack: Cas9 Structural Biology
TypeBlog Post...their subdomains. NUC includes the HNH and RuvC catalytic domains, as well as the CTD (also known as the... the open conformation (Cofsky et al., 2022), indicating that there is more to learn about this process... sequencines. This helps explain why Cas9 can’t locate PAM sites until after RNA loading: the structure...properly in this channel, depending on their precise location. The end of the heteroduplex rests against the... -
Antibody Data Repositories and Search Engines
TypeBlog Post...which allow you to search many different antibody catalogs at the same time. If you're looking for an antibody... specificities, from target-specific ones to application-specific ones to anything goes. We've shared ...repositories and search engines Website Targets Application Purpose Notes Antibodypedia Any Any... -
Addgene Stands with the Scientific Community
TypeBlog Post...operating model allows researchers to access authenticated materials at a fraction of the cost of creating...be listed as direct costs from a CRO in grant applications, addressing the new funding structures and indirect...indirect cost caps more efficiently. Offering free educational resources: Our eBooks, videos, science guides... -
Synthetic Biology, Artificial Chromosomes, iGEM & More - Interview with Tom Ellis
TypeBlog Post...foundational research, training, startups, and real applications of SynBio. Chapter 3: Synthetic biology as the...synthetic genome project and constructing ever more complicated biological devices. Chapter 6: - Making research...Addgene Blog Learn about the Synthetic Biology Education Nonprofit BioBuilder Plasmids 101: Golden Gate... -
MassBioEd Career Exploration Day at Addgene
TypeBlog Post...do work to help improve K-12 education? Let us know about your educational events in the comments section... education... -
What's New in CRISPR - May 2019
TypeBlog Post...negative control. Read the paper in Nature Communications Find the E. coli genome-wide CRISPR inhibition...Homology-directed repair (HDR) can be used to make precise modification in genome editing. However, HDR efficiency is...efficiency up to 30-fold. Read the paper in Communications Biology Find the Cas9-PCV and PCV-Cas9 plasmids... -
Making Career Development an Integral Part of the Science Training System
TypeBlog Post... It's been an honor to work with such a group dedicated to providing the structure and know-how to integrate...example, pd|hub assembled a coalition of higher education organizations committed to advancing career and... inclusive career readiness training in this educational path before we lose more scientists who might... -
2022 and 2023: Reflections and Looking Forward
TypeBlog Post...full-size, with assay-supported recommended uses and education content. This work exemplifies our long-standing...curated information about AAV usage in research applications. Scientists around the world can upload AAV ...accessed our freely available online collections of educational resources. In 2022 alone, our website saw 2.2... -
More Data for You: Find Articles Citing Addgene Plasmids
TypeBlog Post...'s Addgene ID # has been referenced in other publications, you'll find a link to the list of citing articles...cell-surface programmable DNA-binding domains" publication. If you want to see this new feature in action...lists Benefits to requesting scientists: Quickly locate other papers that have used your plasmid of interest... -
Download Addgene’s Science Career Guide, Plus 8 Career Tips from Addgenies
TypeBlog Post...conference, you could be honing your science communications skills and networking. And on social media,...one “safe” project that you know you can get a publication with and one “shoot for the moon” project that... the lab members.”- Jennifer Tsang, Science Communications and Marketing Coordinator Networking “Many,... -
Addgene's Top Blog Posts from 2020
TypeBlog Post...virtually. 6. Quantifying DNA? Here are Five DNA Quantification Methods to Consider by Jennifer Tsang The...The nanodrop vs. spec debate dominates DNA quantification discussions, but what about the other methods... with plasmids deposited at Addgene! 2. DNA Purification Without a Kit by Beth Kenkel To complement ... -
Let There Be LITE Plasmids
TypeBlog Post...effectors (TALEs) as anchors for genome engineering applications was still very new. Now, Konermann and her colleagues...prove the causal role of specific epigenetic modifications in the genome,” Zhang said in MIT’s press release...disease states. While LITE plasmids have clear application to anyone with an interest in neuroscience, their... -
Editor's Choice, August 2016
TypeBlog Post...bit surprising given how many scientists go on vacation in August (for another part of my job, I travel...sequence in live cells. This technique uses catalytically inactive CRISPR endonuclease (dCas9) fused to... need to get back to emailing (hopefully non-vacationing) scientists. You can find all of our August posts... -
Modulate the Activity of 17 Signaling Pathways with One Kit!
TypeBlog Post... of 17 signaling pathways that are frequently implicated in cancer cell proliferation, survival, differentiation... make the library usable for pooled screens. Applications of the cancer pathways ORFs kit Wood and his...References 1. Martz, Colin A., et al. "Systematic identification of signaling pathways with potential to confer... -
Management for Scientists: Seeking Feedback
TypeBlog Post...Scientists series will focus on an aspect of communication especially important for a manager – getting... Creating a culture of excellent, effective communication between all members of a team. As described ... opinions in meetings, via email, at formal communications events or at informal gatherings, like at lunch...