...field to a grinding stop and only now, 2 decades later, is it finally back in the limelight. On December...and severe visual impairment that faithfully recapitulated the human condition. Luck brought all these ...X-linked retinitis pigmentosa, achromatopsia, and age-related macular degeneration are ongoing and some will ...capsid variants, designing expression cassettes to regulate and optimize transgene levels, and large scale...

...trivia, and everything in between). Eleven years later,  Addgene is a company of fifty instead of three...situation- do we work so hard so we have time to play later? Or, does our play encourage us to work hard? Whatever...employees. The teambuilding culture helps us build relationships and thereby work better together.I realize I...encourage everyone to make an effort to build relationships with their colleagues. It can be easy to get...

...binding specificity: SpCas9 variant Mutations (relative to SpCas9) PAM sequence D1135E variant ...bacterial species Many more Cas9 orthologs have been isolated, and our understanding of their PAMs is shown ...same species. Expanding the CRISPR toolbox The isolation of novel CRISPR proteins has and will continue... an intrinsically high-fidelity genome-editing platform. Genome Biol 19: . https://doi.org/10.1186/s13059...

...to be translated into Modern Greek to be easily accessible today. Roughly speaking, we translated our software...sprints is themed and the stories in that sprint relate to the theme. For example, we could have a shipping...feature to work. We will then go back to this area later and tidy it up. Conclusion While none of us are...

...Possible roadblocks only become obvious at rather late stages (i.e. postdoc level) and can include the ...non-academic career options require additional study for late career scientists to become more appealing on the.... The issue was with a custom-made reagent to manipulate cells (manufactured by one of the larger biotech...signals are obtained. Or someone may heat an ELISA plate during incubation steps in order to enhance the ...

...it helps you later on to remember where you read particular studies or experiments. Later, you can easily...have to worry about having to hunt down sources later on.  A comment about writing: initially I felt that... all the proteins in the class that showed the relative sizes and the conserved domains. This information...

... added on a regular basis, so the ecosystem of related tools is always growing. Beyond the ability to ...formatting. In this way data is moved from a static and isolated vehicle and becomes part of the dynamic and connected...understand and/or attempt to reproduce research relating to data deposited into a repository access to ...can be viewed – and conceivably additional work relating to reproducing the original research can be documented...

...available to many countries, import and export regulations, differing customs processes, and the distances...through the use of popular Chinese social media platforms.  As you can imagine, shipping to so many countries... a Primer Creating Bacterial Glycerol Stocks Inoculating a Liquid Bacteria Culture Collections ... Primers for PCR Agarose Gel Electrophoresis Inoculating Liquid Bacterial Cultures Restriction Digest ...

...called CROPseq-multi (Walton et al. 2024). This platform is compatible with enrichment, single-cell sequencing...fast-spiking neurons. The same A-to-D mutation in the related voltage indicator Ace2N-mNeon also led to similar...donor site; SAS, splice acceptor site; pA, polyadenylation signal. Image reused from Riedmayr et al. 2023...therapies. REVeRT supports advanced gene expression regulation, enhancing both the mechanisms of delivery and...

...Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma, Up-Regulation of pVHL along with Down-Regulation of HIF-1α by NDRG2 Expression...a cell line even decades after it is initially isolated. Regrettably this is not usually the case if you...official biorepositories or have been directly isolated from patients. In these cases, a test known as...

...Regardless, the amount of reporter protein activity correlates to both the amount of DNA transfected into the...general, technical replicates can be thought of as "plate controls". They are NOT independent and are typically...transfection of multiple separate wells (within the same plate) with purified plasmid from the same aliquot/preparation... the same source and were incubated on the same plate at the same time. Although the replicate control...

...bi-directionality. For predominately anterograde tracing, biotinylated dextran amines (Veenman et al., 1992) or fluorescent...., 2007; plasmids at Addgene). AAV vectors: A platform for delivering neuronal tracers AAV vectors have...overview see Addgene’s AAV guide. AAV particles are relatively small (20 nm) in size which makes them capable...Transport: Cargo-Specific Mechanisms of Motility and Regulation. Neuron 84(2), 292–309. PubMed PMID: 25374356...Veenman, C.L., Reiner, A., and Honig, M.G. (1992). Biotinylated dextran as an anterograde tracer for single-...

... design and engineering of fusion proteins is relatively straightforward. However, generating a fusion...sites or motifs that are necessary for post-translational modifications. Despite these potential issues...fluorescent protein. Thus, scientist began using relatively long linkers between the protein of interest ...C-terminal residues of the fluorescent protein are relatively close together (figure 1). Where should the fluorescent...

...color, allowing for the fate mapping of cell populations over time. The ability to track single cell dynamics... possible from Brainbow. Tracing clonal cell populations using the Confetti mouse For mammalian systems...not present at the same frequencies. The small population size of CFP++ cells permitted researchers to ... and Lgr5 identify two functionally distinct populations." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences...

...requires time and knowledge. In a recent article, we translated our knowledge of electronic lab notebooks into...ELN should allow you to collaborate within the platform and avoid countless emails. Important collaborative...permissions to different lab members to avoid any issues later on. Do you need external teams or partners to access...lab (user, date, time, action) are required for regulatory purposes in many labs. Besides this being of ...

...fractionation kit or a lysing protocol developed for isolating proteins from a specific compartment. If your ...blockers, you can run a comparison of different formulations instead of concentrations. Most labs use protein-based... For nitrocellose membranes, you can even give gelatin a shot.  Remember that protein-based blockers degrade...in an assay, meaning that your normalization calculations will not be correct, and you’ll need to adjust... Splice variants Check literature Posttranslational modifications Check literature Highly...

...certain region or calculate a colocalization factor to assess the spatial relationship between the targets...need more signal, another strategy is to use a biotinylated secondary antibody then label that with fluorescently-conjugated... other antibodies are disrupting the binding of later targets, the sample is being damaged by all the ...

...harassment Isolation – including preventing access to opportunities, physical or social isolation, withholding... questions in the sections below. Mentoring relationships can help identify your priorities and needs,...regretted it when the same thing happened to her a year later. I hear too many science trainees get warnings and...

.... Speed: AAV transduction experiments are relatively quick. We have found that expression occurs quickly...AAV selection, there are three important factors related to location. Location (1): What tissue? Location...tools for neural tracing in very specific cell populations. Find Ready-to-Use Retrograde AAV Preps at Addgene...and Mark A. Kay. "Future of rAAV gene therapy: Platform for RNAi, Gene Editing and Beyond." Human Gene...

...sequence but not the amino acid sequence of the translated protein.  These changes can be 5’ or 3’ of the...strains, expression of exo, beta and gam is tightly regulated by the endogenous phage promoter pL and repressor...for a mobile recombineering system, but tight regulation of expression is required for a successful experiment...endogenous red promoter pL and the cI857 repressor to regulate expression. An antibiotic can be used to select...