We narrowed to 319 results for: INO
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TypeBlog Post... the prediction of T cell epitopes based on the amino acid sequence of the antibody. NetMHCPan is one...adverse reactions to drugs: adverse reaction terminology. WHO Collaborating Centre for International Drug...Immunogenicity Assessment for Sequences Containing Unnatural Amino Acids: A Method Using Existing in silico Algorithm...
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Fluorescent Proteins 101: Luciferase
TypeBlog Post...Secreted Luminous shrimp(Oplophorus gracilirostris) 455 19 Coelenterazine None Yes Luminous Japanese... its activity to produce light, often with a luminometer or scintillation counter, and the activity measurement... -
Plasmids 101: Inducible Promoters
TypeBlog Post...used for bacterial protein purification. When arabinose is absent, regulatory protein AraC binds O and...pBad, blocking transcription. The addition of arabinose causes AraC to bind I1 and I2 sites, allowing ...allowing transcription to begin. In addition to arabinose, cAMP complexed with cAMP activator protein (CAP) can... -
Cas13d: Small RNA-targeting CRISPR enzymes for transcriptome engineering
TypeBlog Post...orthologs from Eubacterium siraeum (EsCas13d) and Ruminococcus sp. (RspCas13d), while Konermann et al. characterized...Anaerobic digester metagenome” (AdmCas13d) and Ruminococcus flavefaciens (nicknamed CasRx), as well as EsCas13d...with WYL domains (named for the three conserved amino acids in the domain). Yan et al. from Arbor Biotechnologies... -
To Each HIS Own
TypeBlog Post...complex mix using affinity chromatography against an amino acid sequence, or tag, on the protein. While a variety...proteins. Despite being a relatively low frequency amino acid, proteins containing two or more adjacent histidines... The polyhistidine tag is a string of histidine amino acids on the N- or C- terminus of a protein. Neither... -
CRISPR Plasmids - Mammalian Expression
TypeCollection...RNA editor that converts adenosine to inosine in RNA. Since inosine is functionally equivalent to guanosine... gRNA. Adenine base editors convert adenine to inosine, which is replaced by guanosine to create A->G ... -
BeHeard Award 2018: Diseases of Glycosylation, Arginine Mutagenesis, & Neural Development
TypeBlog Post...that change protein sequence affect arginine (Arg) amino acids more frequently than any other. Indeed, nearly... that cause human disease change Arg to another amino acid. Clearly, the development of a pharmacological...millions of individuals worldwide.Arg is unique among amino acids in that it possesses a guanidine moiety at... -
CRISPR 101: Anti-CRISPR Proteins Switch Off CRISPR-Cas Systems
TypeBlog Post...systems such as Cascade-Cas3, Cas9, Cas12, and Cas13 (Marino et al., 2020). Some Acr proteins are specific to...tissues The small size of Acr proteins (~50-200 amino acids) means they can be delivered in vivo using...401 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.omtm.2018.04.008 Marino ND, Pinilla-Redondo R, Csörgő B, Bondy-Denomy J... -
Chromoproteins: Colorful Proteins For Molecular Biology Experiments
TypeBlog Post...reach zooxanthellae, the coral’s symbiotic dinoflagellates that are photosynthetic (Salih et al., 2000...luminescence, which require UV lamps, fluorometers, or luminometers, chromoprotein detection can be done by the ... the chromoprotein Ultramarine with hydrophilic amino acids to reduce non-specific interactions with cytosolic... -
Of Myc and Men
TypeBlog Post...highly specific antibody to the C-terminal five amino acids, meaning the tag could be quite small. However... the epitope recognized by Myc1-9E10 down to 10 amino acids (EQKLISEEDL) - larger than the substance P... et al., who published a paper showing that the amino acids neighboring the Myc epitope influence 9E10... -
Experimenting with New Careers while in Grad School
TypeBlog Post... Museum of Indianapolis. I drove passed these dinosaurs every day. They made me happy. Grad school can...made me happy. I started volunteering in the “Dinosphere” almost every week. I gained experience explaining...visitors of all ages, learned a lot about the dinosaurs, and met wonderful people. When I started volunteering... -
Molecular Biology Reference
TypeGuide...within an organism. Proteins are made up of amino acids. Each amino acid is encoded for by 3 nucleotides termed... there are only 20 natural amino acids and 64 codon combinations each amino acid is encoded for by multiple...encodes for an amino acid. The genetic code is degenerate thus multiple codons code for each amino acid. There...mg/mL 200 µg/mL Kanamycin 50 mg/mL 50 µg/mL Spectinomycin 50 mg/mL 50 µg/mL Tetracycline 10 mg/mL 10 µg...There are 20 amino acids plus a start and stop codon. Below you will find helpful resource tables about...genetic code. This table includes the nucleotide and amino acid code in addition to ambiguous bases and common... A or G S C or G V A, C, or G W A or T Y C or T Amino Acids Name Three Letter Code Single Letter Code ... -
Plasmids 101: Shuttle Vectors
TypeBlog Post..., showing how DNA sequences are translated into amino acids. And I was astonished that the molecular language...But be careful — antibiotic mechanisms vary! Aminoglycoside antibiotics also block protein synthesis, and...protects against any of them. But different aminoglycosides work on different host species: kanamycin targets... -
Four Ways to Package Transgenes That Exceed the Size Limit of Adeno-associated Virus
TypeBlog Post...non-endogenous sequences, such as a 77bp long highly recombinogenic homology sequence derived from the filamentous...used a hybrid split vector with a 872 bp long recombinogenic homology sequence to deliver LacZ to muscle...Garcia-Hoyos M, Gibbs D, Kim SR, Maguire A, Rex TS, Di Vicino U, Cutillo L, Sparrow JR, Williams DS, Bennett ... -
CRISPR 101: Off-Target Effects
TypeBlog Post...flexibility in gRNA placement (e.g., mutating a specific amino acid or introducing a specified edit). However, ...mutated to be more specific for exact gRNA matches (Rabinowitz and Offen). Of note, most of these optimized ...CRISPR’ing! References and Resources References Rabinowitz R, Offen D. Single-Base Resolution: Increasing... -
Mycoplasma Contamination: Where Does It Come From and How to Prevent It
TypeBlog Post...luminescence. This can then be detected by a luminometer. Non-specific DNA stains can be added in the ...Mycoplasma Removal Agents (MRA) are derivatives of the quinolone family of antibiotics and are broad-spectrum antibiotic...culture media. Also, drugs like BM Cyclin, fluoroquinolone ciprofloxacin, ciprobay, zagam, baytril, tetracycline... -
28 Hot Plasmid Technologies from 2015
TypeBlog Post...incorporation of unnatural amino acids (UAAs) into proteins in mammalian cells. Each tRNA/aminoacyl-tRNA synthase ...conjugation reactions, fluorescent amino acids, posttranslationally modified amino acids, photoaffinity probes... These plasmids are unpublished Unnatural amino acid incorporation in mammalian cells Peter Schultz... -
Typing CRISPR Systems
TypeBlog Post... are among the smallest Cas enzymes (400 to 700 amino acids), use a Cas14 enzyme, and uniquely target ...Harrington, L. B., Burstein, D., Chen, J. S., Paez-Espino, D., Ma, E., Witte, I. P., Cofsky, J. C., Kyrpides...Fedorova, I., Karneyeva, K. A., Artamonova, D. N., & Severinov, K. V. (2021). Type III CRISPR-CAS systems: deciphering... -
Chemogenetics Guide
TypeGuide...was developed to respond to a different ligand, Salvinorin B (SALB). Scientists have shown that both KORD...Addgene's collection of PSAM plasmids ! LMOs Luminopsins (LMOs), or luminescent opsins, are opto-chemogenetic...systems in our Optogenetics Guide . Figure 4: Luminopsins can be activated through chemogenetic or optogenetic...Augustine GJ, Yin HH, Hochgeschwender U (2016). Luminopsins integrate opto- and chemogenetics by using physical...Hirabayashi T, Fujimoto A, Mimura K, English JG, Liu J, Inoue K, Kumata K, Seki C, Ono M, Shimojo M, Zhang M-R...Shaner NC, Hochgeschwender U (2024). Engineering luminopsins with improved coupling efficiencies. Neurophotonics..., Gutekunst CA, Gross RE. (2015). Inhibitory luminopsins: genetically-encoded bioluminescent opsins for... -
CRISPR 101: Cytosine and Adenine Base Editors
TypeBlog Post... is the nucleobase component of the nucleoside inosine. Created with BioRender.com. How does base ...adenine base editor that would convert adenosine to inosine, resulting in an A to G change (Gaudelli et al....non-G conversion at target loci. The removal of inosine from DNA is likely infrequent, thus preventing ...