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... transformation. Choose good reporter genes There are many great reporter genes available and which one...half-lives then GUS and are therefore good temporal reporters to measure promoter activity, for example...the T-DNA region with our gene of interest or a reporter gene so that the transformation and gene expression...different treatments on transformation success. Some reporter gene examples are below. The GUS gene (β-glucuronidase...histochemical GUS-staining is a very useful visual reporter (Figure 2). The GUS enzyme cleaves a substrate...transformation success. Luciferases are great quantitative reporters and use a substrate to produce bioluminescence...Agrobacterium. This is especially problematic with reporter genes as you might observe expression from Agrobacterium...

... technology, but Oxford Nanopore is one of the most popular options. Nanopore sequencing deviates from...pulled through the pore via motor proteins. When each nucleotide passes through the nanopore, the electrical...3: Overview of Nanopore sequencing technology. Created with BioRender.com. Nanopore can provide longer...sequencing methods (Figure 3). It uses (aptly named) “nanopores” that are attached to the flow cell membrane and...-read sequencing. At Addgene, we routinely use Nanopore technology to sequence our packaged viral DNA ...an entire viral genome in one read. We also use Nanopore sequencing to QC plasmids that are highly repetitive...After a run on our Illumina MiSeq, the data is imported into our assembly pipeline that runs with Seqera...

...as to where readers may locate data supporting the research reported in PLOS publications. The policy was...published data. The importance of data sharing The reason this topic is important to my lab is three-fold...available for anonymous request.  This means that supporting datasets must be logically annotated and arranged...work this may entail.  So if access to data is important, what data should be included? We should recognize...is calculated and placed in the legend. Widely reported difficulties in reproducing experimental data ... in scope. For images, the number of examples supporting the published material is a factor of practicality...over time such that prior formats are no longer supported/readable. Is the author or their host institution...

...believe that communication is the single most important skill that scientists need to succeed in their... always recognized and valued for its immense importance, it may well be what determines whether you get...wasted if you cannot convince others that it is important and relevant to them.   When you think about it.... Treat every interaction in your work as an opportunity to practice communicating.  Excellent scientists...you will also have to explain why the work is important and how it should change how the members of your...education and policy and to draw attention and support to work in their field. It can be hugely beneficial...ComSciCon, our primary mission is to strengthen and support the network of graduate students who are passionate...

...a UAS-driven luciferase reporter construct. In the absence of GFP, no reporter output was observed in ... in vivo system, Tang et al. electroporated T-DDOGs, GFP, and a reporter construct into the mouse retina...activated the reporter gene TdTomato, whose expression was absent without electroporated GFP. They then...specific. When tested in retinal electroporation studies, DsRed reporter expression was induced in ~76% ...and Cre-DOG, respectively, repurpose popular GFP reporter lines for more sophisticated experimental manipulations...then tested T-DDOGs with two mouse GFP reporter lines; again, TdTomato was seen only in cells with GFP,...

...future career opportunities. Becoming involved is not too difficult and you can find opportunities around you...within their workplace, and pursue leadership opportunities at the local, institutional, regional, and national...As the Chair of the Advocacy Committee, I had to report to the Board of Directors and liaise with the Executive...accordingly. For example, the quarterly and annual reports I had to write on behalf of the Advocacy Committee...to overcome the personal frustration and submit reports in the format requested which in the long run was...invited to spend a weekend together, funded by supporters such as the Burroughs Wellcome Trust. These “...experienced and learnt. Opening doors to further opportunities  Having gained leadership skills and advocacy...

...as a striking example of the applicability and importance of research in basic biology, medicine, epidemiology...of what you’re getting yourself into is really important.  As you’re talking to people, though, try to ...your time is valuable! Don’t jump on the first opportunity that comes your way. Think critically about whether... found that in the right environment and with supportive mentors, being open and vulnerable about my struggles...fundamental understanding of what you’re working on is important! Better than leaving yourself in the dark, but...have often provided me with much-needed emotional support during my journey. When you are hunting for labs...join, one of the vital things to look for is a supportive environment—it makes all the difference in a ...

... outcomes and the opportunity to make new discoveries. Provost notes the importance of acknowledging student...history. Interestingly, he also adds to the disproportionately large number of honorees to have trained ... and he wanted to provide the same kinds of opportunities for his students. But he also found that his...Bringing his research into the classroom. I had the opportunity to talk with Provost recently about his development...Undergraduate Research Experience (CURE). Having incorporated a discovery-based lab on planarian regeneration...interaction with other proteins.   It is important to note that research activities in a CURE must...with colleagues at other institutions to form a support network called the MDH CUREs Community (MCC) that...

...are removed and replaced by a single (non-viral) reporter gene (e.g. firefly luciferase or eGFP) flanked...necessary to direct minigenome replication and reporter gene transcription by the EBOV polymerase (reviewed...viral proteins are provided in trans (see Other Important Components of EBOV Minigenome System). However...negative sense RNA viruses (reviewed in 2, 3). Other important components of the Zaire ebola virus minigenome...the minigenome as a template to transcribe the reporter gene (e.g. firefly luciferase). The polymerase...start signal and initiates transcription of the reporter gene. The polymerase will elongate the mRNA until...target the viral polymerase. Technical tips It is important that all of these plasmids (those containing NP...

...combination with that reporter, you can infer its presence through detecting the reporter's fluorescence. Another...labeling proteins is to fuse them with a fluorescent reporter, such as GFP or mCherry, through genetic modification...combination of antibody-fluorophores, fluorescent reporters, and/or dye stains used in your flow cytometry...excitation and emission wavelengths, it is also important to know the brightness of individual fluorophores...mentioned previously, you can also use fluorescent reporters, such as GFP, and fluorophore-conjugated antibodies...compare the excitation/emission spectra of your reporter with the ones from your fluorophore labels and...cells to express: CD45. Upon expression, CD45 is incorporated into the plasma membrane and can be detected...

...however, offer you an opportunity to make a personal connection; the importance of which will be elaborated...what comes next. To that end, one of the most important things that you can do now is diversify. Read ... position! Conferences One of the single most important things you can do to plan for your career is to... Speaking of jobs, it seems like an obviously important experience, but far too many students and young...several per month, giving you a plethora of opportunities to explore! Again, attending one of these fairs...can search for jobs, post your CV, and, most importantly, manage your professional network. This is probably...box (most likely your lab, in this case). It is important to realize that you have to take responsibility...

...hypothesis. The results of experiments can help support or reject a hypothesis. Looking at the data, scientists...trust in scientists if the march highlights data supporting unwanted results (14). Some loss of trust, I ...science) they come from many different places supporting many different positions. It would be detrimental...going change depending on the number of people supporting it.  3) Linking scientists to one particular ...world. There is no requirement that marchers or supporters be scientists – on the contrary, anyone and everyone...the march as well as other science advocacy opportunities. Information for joining the march: March...satellite marches. Anyone can join the marches or support the cause. For science to be integrated into politics...

... the TIMER growth rate bioreporter. During protein maturation, the bioreporter spontaneously changes from..., and evidence suggests that it is incredibly important for nearly every aspect of life.” Unger began ... and in assays for measuring human serotonin transporter activity. Unger also plans to use the serotonin...permeability of water and nutrients and colonization opportunities for bacteria. To compare the artificial leaf..., Bernach plans to use a suite of fluorescent reporters. Bacteria containing unstable fluorescent proteins...artificial leaf, Bernach will use the CUSPER bioreporter such that fluorescent proteins expression is ...colonizer, labelled with a constitutively fluorescent reporter can also be used to track how one population responds...

...from another portion. For example, Fab fragments are molecules composed of just the Fab portion of the antibody...between the target and reporter. They have fewer non-specific binding opportunities due to the lack of an...region is the “tail” of the antibody and comprises portions of the constant regions of the two heavy chains...   Figure 1: IgG antibody structure with important features labeled. V = Variable domain. L = Light...used in vivo.     Of course, the lack of an Fc portion means that most of the common anti-IgG secondary...it either needs to be directly conjugated to a reporter or you need a light-chain specific conjugated ...fairly easy to find these in a Fab fragment format. Reporter-conjugated anti-IgG Fab fragments make good secondaries...

... the cytoplasm of dendrites, and only a small proportion were found on the plasma membrane (top panel ...been administered. Although we found a larger proportion on the membrane in mice neurons, most of them...different tag fused to the hM4Di might improve the transport of this DREADD to the plasma membrane. The haemagglutinin...results indicate that the tag protein may have an important influence on the expression of the transgene of.... In our studies, mCherry interfered with the transport to the membrane of the DREADDs. In studies where... (Kimple et al., 2013) could help improve the transport of protein of interest the membrane.   ... use of the HA tag significantly improves the transport of hM4Di to the plasma membrane.   Our studies...

...step. Scorpion chemistry in particular has been reported to work well in the Lightcycler while being relatively...Yes Agarose gel Sunrise primers   Low Reporter and quencher on hairpin structure included in ... temperature should be 60-65°C For qPCR, the important primer variable is the annealing temperature, ...much as sixfold variation in expression levels reported (Biassoni, 2014), so you’ll want to ensure that...tissue types, appropriate reference genes (and supporting data) are often documented in the literature....help you in your execution:  Accuracy is not as important as precision for relative quantification. A consistent...configurations can help you identify pipetting or evaporation errors. And if time allows, you can fit in a ...

...mild symptoms. This changed in January with the report of an outbreak of the virus in Brazil that was ..., and North America. Diagnostics will play an important role in helping to monitor and slow this spread...-ready format when the Zika virus outbreak was reported, and we felt that, given the critical need for...such a short timescale. Our article ultimately reported the development of a rapid design and prototyping...toehold switch-based RNA sensors, our approach uses portions of the pathogen’s genome as unique barcodes to... sensors and constructs encoding corresponding portions of the Zika virus genome with Addgene to facilitate...Find the Zika Sensor Constructs at Addgene As we report, we have embedded this next generation of toehold...

... versions of this reporter to target the K9 (pcDNA3-K9 histone methylation reporter) and K27 (pcDNA3-K27...The K9 reporter uses the HP1 chromodomain to recognise lysine 9 methylation, while the K27 reporter uses... methylation in living cells. Essentially this reporter construct consists of one substrate (the histone-derived...-K27 histone methylation reporter) positions on histone H3, which are known to be involved in repression...methylation of these sites was controlled, the reporter consistently showed significantly different FRET...states. Thus, this system is a reliable tool in reporting methylation status of these sites. This new technology...Alice Y. Ting. "Genetically encoded fluorescent reporters of histone methylation in living cells." Journal...

...supervisor might expect weekly or biweekly progress reports. However, a hands-off busy supervisor might get...update, and whether he or she would like a written report or to meet in person.   Regardless of your supervisor...your own, reach out for help so you can get the support you need. 2) Prepare an agenda for every meeting... This will make it easy for your supervisor to support you. 3) Explain the problem and leave your emotions...solutions that will meet both of your needs. 6) Put important agreements in writing One of the most frequent...from your supervisor. Whenever possible, discuss important issues in person or over the telephone instead... or unresponsive clam), you will probably need support from your colleagues or other supervisors to complete...

...skills. Why are transferable skills so important? It is important to identify which transferable skills...it just as much in my current role as Customer Support and Operations Manager at Addgene. In this role...belt from your last job. You knock the technical portion of the interview out of the park. It’s clear that... work, and be prepared for new and exciting opportunities. Here are some strategies for identifying your...learning experience. If your first reaction to an opportunity is to say “no, that’s not in my wheelhouse”, ... This came naturally to you. How is this new opportunity much different? Might you already have leadership...work, consider challenging yourself, take the opportunity, and discover if this builds upon a skill you...