We narrowed to 784 results for: IRE;

... by collections of neurons that are intricately wired into circuits through synaptic connections (Shepherd...cross-react with other antibodies, or are unavailable entirely. The other advantage is that these tags are small...intrinsic visual signal, they cannot be detected directly in live imaging experiments. It is therefore difficult... in the brain and can be detected through their direct fluorescent signals or using anti-FP antibodies...primary antibodies which can be used to amplify the direct smFP signal within sub-cellular structures. For...

...created a yeast-based directed evolution approach with some notable improvements. Directed evolution techniques... fluorescent protein--no affinity purification required! The team used other molecular techniques to introduce...microtubuli and plasmids tagged with MapTau to label entire microtubules. Find these fluorescent mammalian ...contains the signal peptide of MBP, followed by the desired nanobody (NB) sequence, an AviTAG, and 6xHis tag...

...incredible versatility opens aptamers for use in many entirely new applications including aptamer based fluorescent...sensitive detection assay. In 1999, Grate and Wilson paired laser cleavage and an RNA aptamer that bound the...to induce fluorescence outside the context of a paired fluorophore protein. Years later, Samie Jaffrey...mimicking GFP.  Though the aptamer, called Spinach, required longer exposure time than its protein equivalent... less immunogenic than proteins. Assays that require recognition of ions or particularly small molecules...

...bacterium, and is essentially always there, or acquired, which means the bacterium is not naturally resistant...intrinsically resistant to this class of antibiotic. Acquired resistance can be the result of one bacterium ... died for instance). These three mechanisms of acquired drug resistance are referred to as methods of ... to a drug while a full course of treatment is required to wipe out those bacteria that are partially ...Kirby-Bauer susceptibility test (Figure 2), and requires at least 18-24 hours to obtain results. While ...

...contamination: Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition Is Required for Acquisition of Anoikis Resistance and Metastatic...from the official biorepositories or have been directly isolated from patients. In these cases, a test...outlined in this article. Now many journals strictly require evidence of cell line provenance and identity. ...Council (BBSRC) and Medical Research Council (MRC) require authentic cells to be used and STR profiling to...can be prevented and we can progress faster to desired clinical endpoints.   Nick Amiss is an ATCC Outreach...

...Historically, molecular interactions were detected by indirect means often using probes with the potential to...proteins, pioneers of this technique were able to directly detect protein/protein interactions in living ... to each other in the spectrum, you can easily directly excite the acceptor with the laser used to excite...corrective approaches and appropriate controls are required to make this method useful for dynamic experiments...fluorescence, this method is also less sensitive to direct acceptor excitation artifacts and it is possible...

...of sequence design tools that considered the requirements of both assays. The RPA primers and Cas12a sgRNA... protein biomarker. Sepsis is one of the main directions we've considered because it's a leading cause...SHIELD used CRISPR interference (a deactivated Cas9 paired with sgRNA) to silence genes in antibiotic-resistant...Diseases Research and Education Institute, which is directed by Dr. Nicole Baumgarth, who is the same Lyme ...'ve got our new team together and our project direction set. We're staying in the environmental space ...

...whether off-target effects exist, but what the required level of specificity is for a given application...in advance, so minimal experimental testing is required. So how can you do this? Testing all IFNs is completely...reduced off-target activity, and the whole screening required only minimal extra effort (Figure 3). This first-pass...variant. Screen and expand clones carrying the desired on-target modification. Using this approach, highly...promoter, remember that transcription typically requires a purine base (A or G) at the 5′ end. If your ...

...sample would directly correlate to protein abundance on your membrane, which would be directly reported by...housekeeping proteins.” Fully quantifying a western blot requires a standard curve with a pure sample of your protein...proteins may not transfer precisely evenly across the entire blot. So how can you accurately compare different...your approach) as your final blot. Quantifying the entire lane of protein provides a loading control that...

..., BioID2 exhibits enhanced proximal labelling, requires less biotin, and allows scientists to more selectively...stability. Thus they conducted multiple rounds of directed evolution until they identified a mutant with ...APEX2, although it can rapidly label proteins, requires H2O2 which can be toxic to living cells. To circumvent...issues, the Ting lab utilized yeast display-based directed evolution to generate two mutants, the 35 kD TurboID... PMCID: PMC4831873. Lam, Stephanie S., et al. "Directed evolution of APEX2 for electron microscopy and...

...Vitamin B7) is first an essential coenzyme that is required by all organisms for life. Biotin is only synthesized...Most organisms have less than five enzymes in the entire proteome that are biotinylated. In E.coli for example...responsible for biotinylating only one lysine in the entire organism on the biotin carboxyl carrier protein...recall, BirA biotinylates only one lysine in the entire E.coli proteome. Using this knowledge, scientists...scientists identified the 13 amino acid sequence required for BirA recognition and biotinylation. This 13 amino...

...3 days to complete the entire experiment, but you’ll have to spend the entirety of each day doing the ...work in a job where you’re pulled in a thousand directions at the start of the day, writing your to-do list...depositors from Boston University Contact Dr. Gilmore directly to see if he knows anyone who’s interested in ...if I had planned my day extensively, my lack of desire to go sit in the tissue culture hood may have prevented...

...a stupendous listener, but I aspire to  be. If you don’t at least aspire to be a good listener and consciously...each other disagree about a specific decision, direction, or goal. Resolving these types of conflicts is...Assumptions: Making incorrect assumptions can be a direct cause or consequence of lapsed communication. Making...job”. It’s certainly resolvable, but will likely require a manager to explicitly assign the responsibility...

...interest (Fire et al., 1998). The discovery of RNAi in the worm actually rewarded depositors Andrew Fire and...Yeast are also the first eukaryotic genome to be entirely sequenced and is very amenable to genetic manipulation...utilized the worm to study calcium signaling in the entire adult brain, using a plasmid that expresses a genetically...(1974): 71-94. PubMed Central PMCID: PMC1213120. Fire, Andrew, et al. "Potent and specific genetic interference...

...instability at 37°C (Ouellet et al., 2016) and requires a tRNA scaffold to improve its stability in vivo...Ming Hammond’s group created Spinach2 using site-directed mutagenesis of Spinach. In doing so, they identified...green fluorescent aptamer, was identified through directed evolution. First, a pool of RNAs that activate...Fluorescence is observed when these RNAs complex and the entire aptamer can hybridize and fold. (Alam et al., 2017...fluorescent protein by fluorescence-based selection and directed evolution." Journal of the American Chemical Society...

...system (OTS) for the incorporation of phosphoserine directly into recombinant proteins (5). Optimization of...of this system defined three components required for translation (Figure 1): A tRNA that recognizes a... The generation of pSer-incorporated proteins requires a molecular toolkit containing the OTS, an appropriate...phosphoserine OTS, Sep-OTS, contains the components required for the translation of pSer-incorporated proteins...phosphoserine must be recoded to ‘TGA’ using site-directed mutagenesis. In the C321.ΔA strain, this TGA will...

...studies, where it could potentially label cells not directly connected to the injection site, or when using...volume. You’ll often hear that “high titer” is required for efficient AAV transduction, usually without...the optimal number of viral particles per volume required to express the gene of interest, in the cells ...are a few factors to consider. First, the titer required is inversely related to transduction efficacy:... recommended to optimize to the “lowest number required” instead of using the first amount that looks ...

...transformants for single colonies (this usually requires 10-20 plates) (see box below). This initial transformation...growth, scrape up, pool and extract plasmid DNA directly from the colonies. Transform the resultant plasmid...a lysis buffer to release recombinant proteins directly onto the nitrocellulose for subsequent probing... can lead to high background that obscures the desired signal. We have successfully corrected this by ...organism, it can be helpful to spot this protein directly onto nitrocellulose and carry out the steps from...

...way to verify that the insert ended up in the direction you want - usually by Sanger sequencing or further...course there’s much more detail and verification required for the process to work well, so let’s go over... that the digest go until completion. The time required for complete digestion varies for different enzymes...associated manufacturers websites. These stains require you to either stain your gel after you run your...above, respectively). Some of the above stains require you to visualize your DNA using UV light – please...

...membrane, a threshold is reached and the neuron fires, sending the electrical signal down the axon (Lodish...subsequently photo-stimulated through fiberoptic cannulas directly implanted in the injection site and connected ... et al., 2008; Taylor et al., 2016; Hooper and Maguire, 2016). Recombinant adeno-associated viruses (rAAVs...Central PMCID: PMC4971574. Hooper, Andrew, and Jamie Maguire. "Characterization of a novel subtype of hippocampal...PubMed PMID: 4940442. Schnütgen, Frank, et al. "A directional strategy for monitoring Cre-mediated recombination...