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TypeBlog PostPublishedAug. 14, 2018, 12:42 p.m....organisms to control their movements and behavior. These functions and others are controlled by collections...tomography, super-resolution STORM imaging, and electron microscopy. Sample preparation for these techniques... et al. "High-performance probes for light and electron microscopy." Nature methods 12.6 (2015): 568. ...the Addgene Blog Rabies and neuronal tracing Retrograde AAV: Making the journey from axon to nucleus ...
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What's Your Organism? Expanding Genomic Tools via the NSF EDGE Program
TypeBlog PostPublishedMay 2, 2019, 12:41 p.m....development and evolution of histone genes in Strongylocentrotus purpuratus, the spiny purple sea urchin. ...that they form including genetic mechanisms that control who a female wants to mate with and if she decides...Lab (@EvoEmbryo) September 24, 2018 Xenopus tropicalis (Gary Gorbsky) This is not a new experimental... pan-arthropod genetic manipulation. The ReMOT control system (Receptor-Mediated Ovary Transduction of... -
pCXLE toolkit: Efficient episomal plasmid-based method to reprogram peripheral blood cells to iPSCs
TypeBlog PostPublishedDec. 14, 2017, 2:08 p.m....factors. The episomal vectors are introduced into cells by electroporation. hiPSC colonies are obtained by...to perform cell therapy and to model diseases in vitro. Find stem cell plasmids at Addgene Many sources...Fibroblasts need to be cultured and expanded in vitro for several passages to produce an adequate number... by 10 days after electroporation, most of which are integration-free, karyotypically normal and are able... -
AAV Titers: Where Do They Come From And What Do They Mean?
TypeBlog PostPublishedNov. 15, 2017, 3 p.m....DNA dot blot...Transduction assay...SDS-PAGE...Electron microscopy… Any guesses? That's right... ways...genome-containing viral capsids is typically quantified by electron microscopy of a viral vector solution. Since this... this technique is intensive and requires an electron microscope, it is not routinely performed on all...genome-containing (Figure 1). Figure 1: Electron micrograph of an Addgene AAV viral vector preparation...Considerations When Using AAVs Addgene's AAV Quality Control Methods Check Out Our Viral Vector Featured Topic... -
Overcoming the AAV Size Limitation for CRISPR Delivery
TypeBlog PostPublishedSept. 16, 2020, 1 p.m....editing has quickly become a popular system for in vitro and germline genome editing, but in vivo gene editing...injury markers were not increased compared to a control AAV-GFP. Not only did the AAV-SaCas9-sgRNA constructs... mediates protein trans-splicing, similar to an intron in pre-mRNA splicing. In 2016, Fine et al developed... L, Heidenreich M, Banerjee A, Habib N, Li Y, Trombetta J, Sur M, Zhang F (2014) In vivo interrogation...Toolbox Read about CRISPR enzyme Cpf1 Read our Introduction to AAV Resources on Addgene.org Check out ... -
CRISPR 101: Homology Directed Repair
TypeBlog PostPublishedJan. 26, 2023, 2:15 p.m....Christina Mork, Jul 27, 2020; updated by Susanna Stroik January 24, 2023. DNA damage drives genome instability...direct ligation of sticky or blunt ends and often introduces small insertions and deletions along the way....the original DNA sequence at the DSB, or it can introduce specific mutations into the damaged DNA if these...repairing your target DNA until a mutation is introduced disrupting one or both of these sequences. To...Easi-CRISPR (Quadros et al., 2017). Easi-CRISPR in vitro transcribes RNA encoding your repair template, then... -
Antibodies 101: Single Chain Fragment Variables (scFvs)
TypeBlog PostPublishedJune 3, 2021, 1:15 p.m....for with in vitro display methods such as phage display (Bradbury et al., 2011). In vitro selection avoids...expressed as scFvs and screened with in vitro assays to select for strong binders. Then the sequences for the...2011) Beyond natural antibodies: the power of in vitro display technologies. Nat Biotechnol 29:245–254 ... -
Fluorescent Proteins 101: When GFP lets you down
TypeBlog PostPublishedAug. 23, 2018, 12:05 p.m....which refers to mEGFP. This variant was made by introducing two mutations (F64L, S65T) in the original jellyfish...fluorescent proteins can be accurately determined in vitro by measuring the fluorescence intensity of purified...Peptide-tags for site-specific protein labelling in vitro and in vivo." Molecular BioSystems 12.6 (2016): ... "Blue fluorescent amino acid for biological spectroscopy and microscopy." Proceedings of the National...Additional Resources on the Addgene Blog Read our Introduction to GFP Read our Fluorescent Proteins Blog Posts... -
Five Popular Model Organisms
TypeBlog PostPublishedApril 11, 2019, 12:39 p.m....easily control the level and spatiotemporal expression of a gene of interest. This type of control over ... (Zuber et al., 2009). By injecting mice with retroviral vectors that harbored different mutations found... modular vectors that can be used to optimally control gene expression in specific cells of the fly (Pfeiffer...using HOTcre, a method that uses heat induction to control the temporal expression of different transgenes... -
Fluorescent Proteins 101: GFP Fusion Proteins - Making the Right Connection
TypeBlog PostPublishedApril 9, 2019, 1:13 p.m....beta-barrel structure. Although the beta barrel has no strong affinity for other proteins, it may still block...There are several ways to measure stickiness. In vitro, ultracentrifugation or gel filtration is the most...Avoiding protein over-expression artifacts The introduction of DNA that encodes a fusion protein adds protein...knock-out of the corresponding protein, that is strong evidence that the fusion behaves well. But this...fusion proteins: random insertion of GFP with an in vitro transposition reaction." BMC neuroscience 3.1 (2002... -
Finding Your Perfect Job After University
TypeBlog PostPublishedJan. 12, 2016, 3:30 p.m....least 3 months experience working in a developing tropical country. This is why I set up a placement working...very hard to speak with individuals who had very strong beliefs in traditional medicine, especially when...very new, and everything was more structured and controlled. I worked from Standard Operating Procedures ... reliant on programming skills which are not my strong point. Working in industry: virology On completing...because it is an English speaking country with a strong economy and plenty of jobs in science at world ... -
Top Requested Plasmid of 2017 - pMD2.G
TypeBlog PostPublishedJan. 10, 2018, 4:13 p.m....lentivirus envelope plasmid pMD2.G from Didier Trono’s lab! Lentivirus envelope vector pMD2.G This plasmid...expresses the VSV-G envelope protein under the control of the powerful mammalian CMV promoter. Envelope...protocols and information, be sure to check out the Trono Lab website. If you have plasmids you’d like to ... Guide to All Things Lentivirus 5 Tips for Troubleshooting Viral Transductions Getting the Most from Your... -
AAV Packaged on Request is Here!
TypeBlog PostPublishedJan. 10, 2025, 1:01 p.m....offer serotypes AAV1, AAV2, AVV5, AAV8, or AAV Retrograde (AAVrg), and volumes of 1 mL, 2.5 mL, or 5 mL...necessary MTA, then start production and quality control. Our packaged on request AAV service uses the ...the same trusted production and quality control processes as our in-stock service: ddPCR, purity testing...blog post on viral vector production and quality control, our AAV Packaged on Request webpage, or our announcement... -
New Viral Vectors - Summer 2024
TypeBlog PostPublishedJuly 9, 2024, 1:15 p.m.... AAV9 Controls Jensen New serotype pAAV-CAG-2xNLS-tdTomato-WPRE-hGHpolyA AAV9, PHP.eB Controls Feng ...from the Gradinaru lab. This is useful for both in vitro and in vivo work with many cell types, as CAG is...serotypes pAAV-hSyn-GRAB_OTmut AAV9 Biosensors (Control) Li New viral service pAAV-hSyn-GRAB_ACh3.0 AAV9... -
Performing In Vivo CRISPR Screens Using the FITS Approach
TypeBlog PostPublishedMay 2, 2024, 1:15 p.m....FITS In vitro CRISPR screens in immune cells have identified many putative regulators of immunity. However...However, in vitro screens cannot faithfully model the complex spatial, cellular, metabolic, and cytokine...modified cells; and (5) is compatible with the introduction of unique molecular identifiers, which can improve...includes pLX_305_Ovalbumin, a plasmid that enables introduction of the model antigen, Ovalbumin, into cell lines... -
Transferable Skills Guide: Teamwork
TypeBlog PostPublishedNov. 28, 2017, 2 p.m....m an introvert!” is not an excuse. Every psych test I’ve ever taken has declared me an introvert, and ...Scientist who coordinates all kit creation and quality control efforts with depositors; Gizela, the lab member...deposits into the repository, performing quality control, and providing technical customer service. Team...easier. Trust Ultimately, your team could have a strong sense of purpose, an excellent leader, and perfectly... -
Plasmid Preps: Different Purity, Different Quantities, Different Uses
TypeBlog PostPublishedJune 16, 2020, 1:25 p.m....Transfection grade DNA Figure 1: Transformation introduces transformation grade plasmids into a bacterial...bacterial transformation of chemically and electrocompetent cells is minimal (picogram range). It can ...2.2, and provide an indication of purity versus chaotropic agents as guanidine thiocyanate and guanidine...Transfection grade DNA Figure 3: Need to introduce plasmids into mammalian cells? Use transfection... -
Stem Cell Models for Disease & Open Science: Interview with Darrell Kotton
TypeBlog PostPublishedJuly 7, 2017, 1:32 p.m.... other projects, using stem cells to develop in vitro models for lung disease. Darrell strives to promote...the interview with Darrell Kotton Chapter 1: Introduction to Darrell Kotton and the Boston University ...reliable projects. Chapter 9: Using stem cells as in-vitro models of disease. How Darrell is using stem cells...helping us stick to our core mission. Chapter 13: Outro - remember to step back and ask, "Why did I start... -
Our Most Popular Blog Posts from 2019
TypeBlog PostPublishedDec. 31, 2019, 2:26 p.m....positive selection (ex: antibiotic selection and auxotrophy) and negative selection (ex: toxin-antitoxin ...technique from David Liu’s lab that gives more control and flexibility to CRISPR editing. Using a fusion...transcriptase and a prime editing guide RNA, it can introduce insertions, deletions, and all possible base-to-base... and Transfection by Alyssa Cecchetelli The introduction of nucleic acids into bacteria or eukaryotic... -
Editor's Choice, August 2016
TypeBlog PostPublishedSept. 2, 2016, 1:32 p.m....any nascent technology, researchers are having trouble getting NgAgo genome editing up and running in ...get a better idea of how many people are having trouble, to determine if there have been any early successes... users likely need more time to optimize and troubleshoot the system. Site Directed Mutagenesis by PCR... with Enhancers and Epigenomics 5 Tips for Troubleshooting Viral Transductions Single Base Editing with...