We narrowed to 776 results for: IRE;

...hiPSCs usually require about 5-10 passages. Furthermore, working with Sendai virus requires stringent biosafety...to the process of collecting fibroblasts, which require a more invasive skin biopsy procedure. This becomes...PMC2917235. 11. Nakagawa, M., et al., Promotion of direct reprogramming by transformation-deficient Myc. ...

...This post was contributed by Erik Snapp, the Director of Student and Postdoctoral Programs at the Janelia...single model. The first approach can lead to new directions, while the second approach could terminate with...think realistically about the time and resources required to feasibly accomplish the aims and clarify what... and Structural Biology, and now serves as the Director of Student and Postdoctoral Programs at the Janelia...

... and therefore may need fewer resources for the entire translation process. For example, during high growth...inappropriate locations or fail to make it through the entire transcript resulting in the production of nonfunctional...that their codons are more appropriate for the desired expression host. This is known as “codon optimization...Addgene now have full sequence data, we recommend directly analyzing gene sequences for codon optimization...

...cleave both strands. Similar to how Cas proteins require a PAM (protospacer adjacent motif) near the target...a different TAM (5′-TTAT-3′). The unique TAM requirements expand the number of genomic sites that can ... and prime editing (Molla et al., 2021), which require fusing Cas proteins with additional enzymes or ...transformation into plant cells. Conclusion & Future Directions TnpB represents a new generation of compact, ...

...strand is synthesized (Figure 1). Sanger sequencing requires four separate reactions, where a fraction of one...in ultra-long read mode), enough to sequence an entire plasmid in one read. Runs can be completed in anywhere...sequencing, as well as the ability to sequence an entire viral genome in one read. We also use Nanopore ...keeping up with the large amount of QC analysis required every week. They are constantly exploring ways...

...helps increase cellular uptake, but this approach requires compatible cell lines that express viral machinery...ribosome. One resistance gene on your vector might require two different selection molecules! It all depends...option is to use a different method of selection entirely. Auxotrophic selection relies on the host organism...organism being unable to synthesize a nutrient required for growth. Before delivery of the vector, the deficient...

...Rett syndrome experience regression of previously acquired skills such as speech, coordination, purposeful...programs in biopharma. AveXis, co-founded by Kaspar, acquired by Novartis and rebranded to Novartis Gene Therapies...adeno-associated viral (AAV) vector. The editase repaired half of the mutant MECP2 RNA in each of three ...Samaco RC, Zoghbi HY (2011) Adult Neural Function Requires MeCP2. Science 333:186–186 . https://doi.org/10.1126...

... the ideal codon for every amino acid across an entire polypeptide. Many researchers have created codon-optimization...necessary for proper protein folding (Stadler and Fire, 2011). Therefore, codon optimization may disrupt...1987) The codon adaptation index-a measure of directional synonymous codon usage bias, and its potential...doi.org/10.1016/s0165-0270(02)00362-x Stadler M, Fire A (2011) Wobble base-pairing slows in vivo translation...

...be expressed in bacteria, while mAbs generally require mammalian expression systems. scFvs are also small...to avoid animal use by using semi-synthetic or entirely synthetic VL and VH sequences. Phage display also...for the scFv (Gaciarz and Ruddock., 2017), but requires an oxidizing environment to form. When expressed... age-related macular degeneration (AMD) since direction injection to the eye results in high drug concentrations...

...AAV donor template for CRISPR-mediated homology directed repairs (HDR). Split AAV vector approaches Split...trans-splicing (62%) vector. 4. Sequential homology directed repairs Overview: The sequential homologous recombination... donor templates using two sequential homology directed repairs (HDR) with CRISPR/Cas9. Donor A contains...M, Colella P, Garcia-Hoyos M, Gibbs D, Kim SR, Maguire A, Rex TS, Di Vicino U, Cutillo L, Sparrow JR, ...

...composition of the RISC varies, but at the very minimum requires an Argonaute protein. This Argonaute protein is...shRNAs using plasmids The design of shRNA plasmids requires three important steps: Designing the shRNA sequence...This is much shorter than miRNA plasmids, which require additional flanking regions comprised of upstream...35(9), 872–878. https://doi.org/10.1038/nbt.3947 Fire, A., Xu, S., Montgomery, M. K., Kostas, S. A., Driver...

...Ciuffi, 2012). One family of viruses, retroviridae, require integration for their life cycle to continue. They...IN (integrase). These viral packaging genes are required for the production of lentiviral particles.  The... keep in mind is that titering these IDLVs may require a slightly different protocol than regular lentiviral... (2008). Insertional mutagenesis combined with acquired somatic mutations causes leukemogenesis following...

...variety of behaviors, opening up new research directions that were inaccessible with earlier tools. They... in localization to the cell membrane and not a direct change in the fluorescent properties, pYtags are...variations and heat transfer at the subcellular level requires a probe with fast kinetics and high signal/noise...temperature indicator B-gTEMP designed to meet those requirements (Lu et al. 2022). By fusing two bright fluorescent...

...bypasses the 5′ mRNA cap required for eukaryotic systems and instead directly engages the ribosome for... protocol and are compatible with single-end or paired-end read flow cells. FREQ-Seq is an open source... The kit contains all the variant PUF segments required to bind any 8 base RNA sequence. The segments ...

...secondary antibodies altogether and multiplex with direct IF, using primary antibodies that are conjugated...However, the primary-secondary workflow (a.k.a. indirect IF) is more flexible and efficient, since you ...primaries for whichever targets you like. Plus, indirect IF amplifies the signal since multiple secondary...design. Like selecting an antibody, some of the requirements are similar to standard IF. Here, we’ll walk...

... on as a dimer, depicted on the right, with the entire monomeric sequence duplicated in tandem, resulting... with large inserts (>7 kb)(Berg et al., 1989), direct repeats (Ribeiro et al., 2009), and at high copy...frequency plasmid recombination mediated by 28 bp direct repeats. Mol Biotechnol. 2008 Nov;40(3):252-60....Summers D. Timing, self-control and a sense of direction are the secrets of multicopy plasmid stability...

...overnight.  In contrast, a semi-dry transfer only requires enough buffer to saturate the sandwich and typically...without any transfer buffer. These systems, however, require you to purchase expensive system-specific sandwiches...on the antibodies and labels being used and may require some trial and error (Yang et al., 2012).  Choosing... they provide qualitative measurements. If you require precise quantification of a protein, consider using...

...proteoglycan (HSPG)3 AAV receptor (AAVR; not strictly required)2 Human fibroblast growth factor receptor ...targeting of projection neurons and enhances astrocyte-directed transduction. Nature Communications, 14(1), 3792...Adeno-Associated Virus Serotype 4 (AAV4) and AAV5 Both Require Sialic Acid Binding for Hemagglutination and Efficient...adeno-associated virus type 5 to 2,3-linked sialic acid is required for gene transfer. The Journal of Biological Chemistry...

... degree. I loved parasitology. However, when I enquired about roles in this field, most jobs needed at...understood why parasitology roles in the field require experience. Working in industry: Microbiology ...redundancies can be made within the company; new staff hired in anticipation of the contract suddenly have less...institutes. The lab at the University of Queensland required a scientist for a 6 month project to validate ...

... to stain all DNA. Some amount of expertise is required in this process because result interpretation ...serum to be used for subculturing. Avoid using expired products or reagents that have been stored for ...cross-contamination. Make sure you keep all the required equipment and reagents inside the laminar airflow... Biotechnology.       References Degeling MH, Maguire CA, Bovenberg MSS, Tannous BA (2012) Sensitive ...