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TypeBlog PostPublishedDec. 16, 2015, 3:30 p.m....CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing can result in unwanted changes at non-target sites. Means to decrease these so-called...between the non-target strand and a positively charged groove formed by the Cas9 HNH and RuvC nuclease...al reasoned that, if they decreased the positive charge in the HNH/RuvC groove, then they could weaken ...interactions between the groove and the negatively charged DNA and therefore destabilize basal strand separation...
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CRISPR Meets Synthetic Biology: A Conversation with MIT’s Christopher Voigt
TypeBlog PostPublishedApril 22, 2015, 2:06 p.m.... with Cas9 guided by different promoters. The challenge in building genetic circuits is getting enough...shape of the response function or how the output changes as a function of input. Usually that function is...enough genetic parts for complexity. We have characterized almost 600 terminators. That gives us enough... we’ve really been making tons of parts and characterizing the software to help you put it together. The... -
Educational Planarian Tools for Teaching Developmental Biology Techniques
TypeBlog PostPublishedMay 24, 2018, 1:20 p.m....experiments are either not accessible or too challenging for amateur scientists. Planarians, wormy creatures...cell types and for viewing how gene expression changes through time or after genetic manipulation. The...tissue sample, several washes, and temperature changes to visualize the expression of specific genes. ...genes of interest and was first discovered and characterized in an unrelated worm (C. elegans) [2]. Delivering... -
Getting Started with Behavioral Neuroscience: Standardizing Experiments and Using Viral Vectors
TypeBlog PostPublishedAug. 20, 2019, 12:31 p.m....light-activated ion channels. Similarly, chemogenetic tools are designed channels that are chemically ...introduced in neurons and depending on the choice of channel protein, they can trigger neuronal excitation or...adeno-associated virus. Curr Protoc Microbiol. (2013); Chapter 14:Unit14D.5. PubMed PMID: 23686825. PubMed Central... -
How to Prepare for an Industry Interview
TypeBlog PostPublishedJuly 9, 2020, 1:15 p.m....of the theme of my interview stories as the characteristic which the story demonstrates I possess. Bullet...to present about your prior research. This is a chance to highlight your prior accomplishments and demonstrate...carefully. And even if you don’t have technical challenges, your interviewers might. You’ll probably still...their hand to ask a question or type it into the chat. Either way, just let the interviewers know up front... -
Split Fluorescent Proteins for Studying Protein-Protein Interactions
TypeBlog PostPublishedMay 3, 2022, 1:15 p.m....Shyu YJ, Liu H, Deng X, Hu CD. Biotechniques. 2006 Chang-Deng Hu Green sfGFP Split super-folder GFP, our...protein-protein interactions in vivo. Blakeley BD, Chapman AM, McNaughton BR. Mol Biosyst. 2012 Brian McNaughton...Shyu YJ, Liu H, Deng X, Hu CD. Biotechniques. 2006 Chang-Deng Hu Venus Improved N-terminal fragment VN155...signal-to-noise ratio. Kodama Y, Hu CD. Biotechniques. 2010 Chang-Deng Hu mVenus pET-BiFC contains both fragments... -
Quickest Way to Deposit Plasmids: The Deposit Spreadsheet
TypeBlog PostPublishedMarch 8, 2017, 3:15 p.m....Indicate the amino acid change as well as any functional consequences of that change. For example, “Mutated... Answer “What does this plasmid do?” in <200 characters. A descriptive purpose focuses on the practical...Addgene Blog Find Articles Citing Addgene Plasmids Searchable and Sortable gRNAs for Your Next CRISPR Experiment... -
5 Tips for Troubleshooting Viral Transductions
TypeBlog PostPublishedAug. 11, 2016, 2:23 p.m....tasks, both of which are factors in the technical challenges they can present. Many researchers find themselves... following transfection. In other words, when exchanging the medium after transfecting cells, replace ...electrostatic forces between these two negatively-charged membranes (Davis et al., 2002). Polybrene is one...306. PubMed PMID: 10634178. 8. Murnane, John P., Michael J. Yezzi, and Barbara R. Young. "Recombination ... -
7 Simple Strategies to Resolve Conflicts with Difficult Supervisors
TypeBlog PostPublishedJan. 21, 2015, 1:30 p.m....the only right way, and Indecisives, who keep changing their minds and have trouble making decisions.... of your supervisor’s management style, bring challenges to his or her attention as soon as you can. It... action items. This will give your supervisor a chance to review what you have discussed and add suggestions...mutually beneficial solutions. If you package your challenges with your supervisor into learning opportunities... -
Viral Vectors 101: Producing Your rAAV
TypeBlog PostPublishedJuly 16, 2024, 1:15 p.m....titration by qPCR. Pro tip! An optional media exchange can be performed 12–18 hours post-transfection...the density gradient material by dialysis/buffer exchange and further concentrate the virions if needed....Lock, M., McGorray, S., Auricchio, A., Ayuso, E., Beecham, E. J., Blouin-Tavel, V., Bosch, F., Bose, M., ...., Francis, J. D., … Snyder, R. O. (2010). Characterization of a recombinant adeno-associated virus type... -
10 Basic tips for mammalian cell culture
TypeBlog PostPublishedJuly 12, 2018, 1:09 p.m.... 37 °C and 5% CO2 and get agitated with sudden changes in temperature (especially if you have air conditioning... to recover after they are passaged. This could change their growth rates and morphology, rendering their...numbers Keep an eye on the passage number. Cells change their growth rate and morphology at high passage...Additional Resources on the Addgene Blog The Challenges of Cell Culture Cloning Mammalian Cells with ... -
Tips for a 1st time AAV user (by a Rookie AAV user)
TypeBlog PostPublishedOct. 23, 2018, 11:49 a.m....AAV-containing 40% fraction is collected and buffer exchanged to remove the iodixanol and concentrate the purified...or the virus can be stored at 4 °C and buffer exchanged the next day. Refer to the AAV Iodixanol Gradient...correctly. When aliquoting purified and buffer exchanged virus, remember to make one or two small aliquots...vivo use. Current protocols in molecular biology, Chapter 16, Unit 16.25. PubMed PMID: 18265393. Additional... -
AAV Vector Quality Control: Going the Extra Mile with NGS
TypeBlog PostPublishedSept. 12, 2017, 1:44 p.m....genomes, cloning vectors, and helper plasmids (Chadeuf et al., 2005, Wright et al., 2011). In fact, the... software. References and resources References Chadeuf G, Ciron C, Moullier P, Salvetti A (2005) Evidence...Redon R, Moullier P, Léger A (2015) Advanced Characterization of DNA Molecules in rAAV Vector Preparations....2015.32 Wright JF, Zelenaia O (2011) Vector Characterization Methods for Quality Control Testing of Recombinant... -
Transgenic Organisms, Cas9 Gene Drives, and Appropriate Safeguards
TypeBlog PostPublishedMay 22, 2015, 4:58 p.m....through wild populations. Whereas most genomic changes impose a fitness cost and are eliminated by natural...previous gene drive and thereby undo the genetic changes driven by the earlier intervention2. While an initial.... PubMed. Gantz, V. M. & Bier, E. The mutagenic chain reaction: A method for converting heterozygous to...10.1126/science.aaa5945. PubMed. DiCarlo, J. E., Chavez, A., Dietz, S. L., Esvelt, K. M. & Church, G. M... -
Plasmids 101: Protein tags
TypeBlog PostPublishedDec. 11, 2014, 4:26 p.m....purify proteins can face any number of technical challenges depending on their protein of interest. After...After several decades of trying to address these challenges, researchers have amassed a considerable molecular...for your protein. If you’re working with an uncharacterized protein, or a protein for which a good antibody...KETAAAKFERQHMDS 1.8 Solubility and Affinity Abundance of charged and polar residues improves solubility; good for... -
QC Sequencing Technologies at Addgene
TypeBlog PostPublishedJuly 15, 2025, 1:15 p.m.... electrical current recorded by the instrument changes. Base-calling software can then identify the nucleotide...nucleotide that passed through based on these characteristic drops. Figure 3: Overview of Nanopore... up the pace Our QC team constantly faces the challenge of keeping up with the large amount of QC analysis...., & Coulson, A. R. (1977). DNA sequencing with chain-terminating inhibitors. Proceedings of the National... -
Hot Plasmids Spring 2024
TypeBlog PostPublishedMay 23, 2024, 1:15 p.m....protected by Cas9. This is similar to the proposed mechanism for engineered pegRNAs (epegRNAs), which add a...of mouse monoclonal antibodies generated and characterized by the Geiss Lab in their effort to fill a void...cells. Plus, Voltron2’s fluorescence is tunable by changing the dye that becomes conjugated with its HaloTag...gene expression regulation, enhancing both the mechanisms of delivery and the potential for therapeutic... -
Plasmids 101: Broad Host Range Plasmids
TypeBlog PostPublishedApril 11, 2024, 1:15 p.m....Understanding the characteristics of natural plasmids and how they function in nature can inform us on...often have a restriction barrier as a defense mechanism, and they can degrade foreign bacteria through...expressed. For example, scientists can incorporate interchangeable antibiotic resistance cassettes (Prior et al...Schmidhauser, T. J., Ditta, G., & Helinski, D. R. (1988). Chapter 15—Broad-Host-Range Plasmid Cloning Vectors for... -
Controlling for Off-target Effects with a New Genome-wide CRISPR Screen Design
TypeBlog PostPublishedSept. 13, 2018, 1:55 p.m....effects. The flaws of RNAi screens are well characterized and strategies exist to control for these faults...also reproduced several previously observed characteristics that influence gRNA off-target activity: 1)...23394947. Pubmed Central PMCID: 4299491. 5. Bassik, Michael C., et al. "A systematic mammalian genetic interaction...available from Addgene Other Resources Watch Dr. Michael Bassik’s lecture on “Multiplexing with CRISPR Screens... -
CRISPR-based Genome Editing Systems For Editing in E. coli
TypeBlog PostPublishedApril 13, 2021, 1:15 p.m....following changes. In pCas9, we 1) replaced the promoter of gRNA-pMB1 with PrhaB, 2) changed the replicon...same year. Her research is focused on the escape mechanism of genome editing in microorganisms which could...cells to understand the genetic and biochemical mechanisms behind their distinct phenotypes and to design...