...Pennsylvania Vector Core. Transfections are performed using the transfer plasmid, a plasmid encoding rep and serotype-specific...with primers targeting the transfer plasmid used in the transfection. PCR products are analyzed by gel .... coli. In addition, plasmids are typically prepared using endotoxin-free plasmid purification kits.   ... serotype-specific cap genes, and a plasmid encoding adenoviral helper sequences. AAV preparations are...contamination is minimized by using an endotoxin-free plasmid purification protocol. To minimize the immunogenic...offline and discarded. Confirmation of the transfer plasmid Addgene uses a rigorous barcode matching system...microbial contamination. Purity When possible, all plasmids used for viral production are propagated in the...

...approach often involves the transient transfection of expression plasmids in a given cell line. For flow cytometry...interference (RNAi). The most common method is transfection of short interfering RNA (siRNA). Knockdown ... (tagged or untagged) protein When expression plasmids are available, or the necessary expertise to clone...antibody should be able to detect even in cells transfected with low efficacy. But since there can be large...differences between endogenous expression and transfected overexpression, this approach cannot confirm ...

...can be produced through a single or dual-plasmid transfection, depending on whether the heavy and light...contained to one plasmid or if they’ve been separated onto two. You’ll first transfect your cells with ... great collection of ready-to-use rAbs and rAb plasmids!). Since recombinant antibodies conveniently allow...with your plasmid(s), and then wait 7-14 days (in mammalian cells) to collect the cell culture supernatant...on the Addgene blog Introduction to Antibodies Plasmid-based Recombinant Antibodies Polyclonal Antibodies...

... target plasmid and pX330-sgRNA plasmid (Mashiko et al. 2013). The pCAG-EGxxFP target plasmid contains... (c) The pCAG-EGxxFP target plasmid was co-transfected with pX330 plasmids containing sgRNA sequences ... simple matter of transfecting HEK293T cells with your modified pCAG-EGXXFP plasmid along with the individual...individual gRNAs in their PX330 plasmids (or similar plasmids for gRNA expression), one gRNA at a time.... system floating around, and many pre-designed plasmids containing these variants ready for purchase. ...multi-cloning site (MCS) between EGFP fragments. The pX330 plasmid contains humanized Cas9 expression cassette and... you can insert this region into a pCAG-EGXXFP plasmid using standard cloning techniques (The XX indicates...

...maintained DNA plasmids that express reprogramming factors To date, the mRNA transfection method has not...and to model diseases in vitro. Find stem cell plasmids at Addgene Many sources of adult somatic cells...generating hiPSCs for clinical purposes: mRNA transfection- this allows transient expression of the reprogramming...group is an optimized mixture of three episomal plasmids (Table 1) encoding the reprogramming factors. ...enhance the reprogramming efficiency, an extra plasmid, pCXWB-EBNA-1 is used in the reprogramming cocktail...increases protein expression from the other episomal plasmids. When used on PBMCs, the pCXLE episomal vector...available at Addgene. Table 1: List of pCXLE episomal plasmids, their Addgene ID numbers and the reprogramming...

...This is straightforward in easy-to-transfect cell lines where plasmid dosage can be tightly controlled....because it relies on a single BiFC pair. Find BiFC plasmids for your experiment at Addgene! How to Design ...BiFC constructs are expressed transiently by transfection or stably impacts the success of BiFC experiments...Resources on Addgene.org Find fluorescent protein plasmids and resources Visit our Molecular Biology Reference...

... create fusions with a gene of interest. These plasmids will be most useful for constructing intermolecular...ratio of acceptor to donor fusions varies with transfection efficiency and any unpaired fluorescent proteins...measure (overexpressing a gene or protein after transfection). Future of FRET The first genetically encoded...

...feature some recently deposited plasmids every quarter. The “hot plasmids” from last March were quite popular...behalf of scientists. 9. Plasmids 101: Positive and Negative Selection for Plasmid Cloning by Jennifer Tsang...changes.   1. Plasmids 101: Transformation, Transduction, Bacterial Conjugation, and Transfection by Alyssa...past year: CRISPR, optogenetics, chemogenetics, plasmids, fluorescent proteins, careers, and more. These...s the top 10 blog posts from the year. 10. Hot Plasmids - March 2019 - Anti-CRISPR, 2in1 Cloning, Fluorescent... about mNeonGreen, mTFP1, and mWasabi and find plasmids containing these fluorescent proteins at Addgene... Read other Addgene news Find the most recent plasmid blog posts Find the most recent CRISPR blog posts...

...Addgene blog:  Plasmids 101: What is a plasmid? Plasmids 101: Origin of ReplicationPlasmids 101: PCR...process known as plasmid multimerization. Plasmid Multimerization Early studies on plasmid topology recorded...ligate the plasmid, and re-transform the ligated plasmid to recover the monomeric form of the plasmid. Have... monomer of Plasmid 12259: pMD2.G (depicted on the left) is ~5.8 kb in length. The plasmid can exist on... have been utilizing full plasmid sequencing services to verify the plasmids, including long-read sequencing... the sequencing results for their plasmids, they found the plasmids were much longer than expected, and...tandem. Such plasmids are known as multimers, and they are the result of multiple plasmid copies combining...

... smaller size of the plasmids. The Zhang lab, on the other hand, uses a 1 plasmid, single infection system... thousands of targets at once. That’s what our plasmids allow.” Wang’s library is designed to target a...target cells that have previously been stably transfected for Cas9 expression. The Yusa lab has used their...

...for short. Addgene has already distributed this plasmid all over the world, and the question on everyone...identified NgAgo and showed that it can cleave plasmid and genomic DNA in a variety of mammalian cell ...homology-directed repair when a template is supplied. Find Plasmids from the NgAgo Publication at Addgene Cas9 and...in the cell. gDNA guides will also need to be transfected into the cells of interest. In contrast, RNA ...RNA guides must be expressed from a plasmid or in vitro transcribed, and changes in gRNA secondary structure.... Epub 2016 May 2. PubMed PMID: 27136078. Find plasmids from this publication at Addgene. 2. Swarts, Daan...24531762. PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4697943. Find plasmids from this publication at Addgene. 3. Swarts, ...

..., cells are transfected with plasmids expressing the GPCR of interest, a Gα-Rluc8 plasmid, and the appropriate...effects.  Bryan Roth’s lab created a collection of plasmids called TRUPATH to interrogate 14 of the 16 non-visual...TRUPATH be used for? The Roth lab used the TRUPATH plasmids in a number of different experimental approaches...drugs to further understand their mechanism. These plasmids are available as a collection, facilitating screening...Addgene.org Browse the catalog of fluorescent protein plasmids Find biosensors for your experiments ...

... a single harvest after transfecting with the transfer and packaging plasmids. A benefit of the multiple...the passage number of a culture the lower the transfection and transduction efficiencies. Cultures should...

...subset of the new plasmids and viral preps in the repository through our hot plasmids articles. These articles...recent plasmid deposits and we hope they'll make it easier for you to find and use the plasmids you need... CRISPR plasmids are always being added to the repository. To find all of the CRISPR plasmids available... Xiao Wang Lab has recently deposited a set of plasmids that helps identify base edited cell populations...populations without end-point sequencing assays. These plasmids use “Cas9-mediated adenosine transient reporter...and enrichment use of XMAS-TREE. a) Cells are transfected with three different vectors and flow cytometry...available from Addgene, head over to our CRISPR Plasmids and Resources page. Here are some highlights from the...

...cloned into a plasmid downstream of luciferase containing a stop codon, which is then transfected into the ...Read More: All Plasmids 101 Articles Browse plasmids that contain luciferase ...choose from) is now a common feature in reporter plasmids.  Learn How Luciferase Can Be Used In Concert ...hirtus) 630 64 Luciferin ATP No Common uses for plasmids expressing luciferase Luciferase reporter assay...assay The typical luciferase-containing plasmid is most often used to investigate the effect of regulatory... cloned upstream of the luciferase gene in the plasmid, which is then introduced into the desired mammalian.... Multiple response elements are cloned into a plasmid upstream of a minimal promoter linked to luciferase...

...important collection.  Creating the Plasmids To begin constructing the plasmids for expression of mAbs, the Trimmer... This method was chosen because cells transfected with a plasmid to express the target antigen could be...expression plasmids were DNA sequenced to determine the VH and VL sequence. These plasmids have been deposited...scientific community with the plasmid sequences available from each plasmid webpage. Importantly, the methods...Resources on the Addgene blog:  Plasmid-Based Recombinant Antibodies  Plasmids 101: Secondary Nanobody Toolbox...NABOR are recombinant antibodies expressed from plasmids that have been deposited with Addgene. Here, we... first antibodies distributed by Addgene.  The plasmids used to generate these antibodies were based off...

...Harrington et al tested GeoCas9’s editing skills by transfecting HEK293 cells with GeoCas9 or SpCas9 RNP’s and...you want to give GeoCas9 a try, as always, the plasmids are available from Addgene. Happy CRISPRing! ...Background with Addgene’s CRISPR Guide Page Find CRISPR plasmids at Addgene ...

...to sort the cells after the plasmids have been introduced by transfection or electroporation. All you ...effector nuclease (TALEN) kit consisting of 834 plasmids. The researchers showed they could use their TALEN...particular DNA sequence? Musunuru: The kit includes 832 plasmids containing prefabricated pieces that allow you...the genome in rapid fashion. The two remaining plasmids in the kit have the rest of the protein in place...protein that binds those 15 base pairs is take four plasmids out of the library in the appropriate combination... ligation with the four inserts and the master plasmid in one step. The kit also has other unique aspects...you are designing a TALEN on paper to a finished plasmid. With our protocol, it is feasible to produce genetically...

...more cells = more plasmid. Plasmids can vary in copy number, the number of plasmid copies supported within...cloning, transfection, or long-term storage. But what about those pesky situations where your plasmid yield...sub-optimal plasmid yields from your prep, try our tips below! How to optimize your plasmid prep We'll ...genotype, as these mutations improve plasmid stability and yield. If a plasmid is prone to recombination Use ... a strain optimized for plasmids with repeat elements, such as viral plasmids with inverted terminal repeats...co-purify with your plasmid DNA and lead to degradation of your prep. Many plasmid prep kits recommend...levels of protein, not plasmid DNA. If you need large amounts of DNA from a plasmid in a protein expression...

...and an envelope expressing plasmid, such as our second most requested plasmid of all time, pMD2.G. Find...wide range of applications. This plasmid was the top requested plasmid of 2017. Find pMD2.G. pSpCas9(BB... top requested plasmid from 2016. You may notice the “V2.0” at the end of this plasmid which indicates...prior version of this plasmid. Indeed the first version is the 15th most popular plasmid of all time, but ...envelope expressing plasmid pMD2.G. Find pMDLg/pRPE. scramble shRNA - This plasmid from David Sabatini....1 protocol. Pro-tip: this plasmid grows more slowly than standard plasmids. Find pLKO.1 - TRC cloning...15 years of plasmid sharing has certainly taken us on many adventures...From moving office locations ...

...highlight a subset of the new plasmids in the repository through our hot plasmids articles. These articles ...recent plasmid deposits and we hope they'll make it easier for you to find and use the plasmids you need... recent plasmid deposit please sign up here.          Listen to this episode of Hot Plasmids! Optogenetic...Grefen and Blatt, 2012). The 2in1 Plasmid Toolkit consists of 4 plasmid toolkits generated with 4 different...deposited the resulting optogenetic plasmid tools which includes plasmids encoding a fusion between cPYP and...targeting and editing experiments. Find the CASANOVA plasmids here! Bubeck F et al., Nature Methods 2018. PubMed...as mice, C.elegans, and Zebrafish. Find Archon1 plasmids at Addgene! Piatkevich KD et al, Nat Chem Biol...

...toolbox. Natural plasmids, also called environmental plasmids, are all around us! A plasmid is a small piece...colicin-producing plasmids have been referred to as “Col plasmids” or “Col factors.” Virulence plasmids: microbial...Old Solution but a New Problem Plasmids 101: What is a Plasmid? Plasmids 101: Transformation, Transduction...F. (2023). Plasmid classifications. Plasmid, 126, 102684. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plasmid.2023.102684...., 2001) Beneficial traits of natural plasmids Natural plasmids often convey a variety of functions that...functions of natural plasmids. Created with BioRender.com. Resistance (R) plasmids: microbial defense...example of a plasmid benefiting its host. For example, cells with a penicillin resistance plasmid can grow...

...highlight a subset of the new plasmids in the repository through our hot plasmids articles. These articles ...recent plasmid deposits and we hope they'll make it easier for you to find and use the plasmids you need... recent plasmid deposit please sign up here.      Listen to this episode of the Hot Plasmids podcast ... (ARG) plasmids to better monitor gene expression in vivo using ultrasound. These ARG plasmids contain...responses in C. elegans. Find the split BoTN/B plasmids at Addgene. Liu Q et al., Neuron. 2019. PubMed...potentially problematic for imaging. Find the ARG plasmids at Addgene. For more details on acoustic reporters...s collection consists of a library of reporter plasmids, each containing two fluorescent proteins and ...

...highlight a subset of the new plasmids in the repository through our hot plasmids articles. These articles ...recent plasmid deposits and we hope they'll make it easier for you to find and use the plasmids you need...1: The base editor is split into two plasmids and co-transfected into cells for reconstitution. Image ...need. If you'd ever like to write about a recent plasmid deposit please sign up here.        AAV delivery...overcome this overlap, Yiyang Gong’s lab created two plasmids containing a red-shifted Ace-mScarlet, a fusion...channelrhodopsins. Find the Ace-mScarlet voltage indicator plasmids at Addgene! Beck et al., Sci Report 2019. PubMed...fragments. This system has been used to construct plasmids for use in model organisms such as E. coli and...

...validated editing reagents can be found on our plasmid pages. We encourage any labs performing genome ... that are an order of magnitude greater than transfection approaches. Moreover, the cost of reagents is...CRISPR Background with Our CRISPR Guide Find CRISPR Plasmids for Your Research Check out Our List of gRNA Design...

...Neurosci 2016. PubMed PMID: 26950006 Plasmid ID Plasmid Name Plasmid Type 74309 pcDNA3.0-TRPV4-p2A-ferritin-p2A-mCherry...highlight a subset of the new plasmids in the repository through our hot plasmids articles. These brief articles...features and applications of a partiular plasmid or set of plasmids. We hope that these articles make it ... you to find and use the plasmids you need. You can find all the hot plasmids from 2016 below. With over...over 45,000 plasmids, we can't write posts for every great plasmid that comes into the repository, but...write about your plasmids in a future blog post. No time to read? Listen to our hot plasmids segment on the...gRNA expressing cells were then transfected with a Cas9-expressing plasmid to generate a population of mutant...

...problem of sharing plasmids, providing researchers with a one-stop shop for plasmids and vectors, and making...development of a vast number expression and reporter plasmids and the free exchange of these vectors between...laboratories. The development of the transient transfection platform for assaying transcriptional activity...increased the burden associated with identifying plasmids in the research literature and acquiring them ... feature direct links to listings of available plasmids for our curated NRs and coregulators. We look ...2005, tr22. Keep on reading! Check out Addgene's Plasmids 101 blog series. ...

...transfer plasmid), the envelope (Env) gene on a separate plasmid (envelope plasmid), and the polymerase ... yet a third plasmid (packaging plasmid). Viral production then proceeds by transfection of all three ...different plasmids. For a retroviral system this looks like the genetic cargo in one plasmid (the transfer...three plasmids into a producer cell line, such as HEK-293T, production of viral particles, and transduction... and Pol genes are not encoded in the transfer plasmid, the component that physically integrates into ... retroviral packaging components onto distinct plasmids for safety.    Viral cargo-specific safety...services Addgene Biosafety Guide Addgene Viral Plasmids Which Type of Virus Should I Use? Resources...

...dish of mammalian cells is transiently transfected with a plasmid containing a fluorescent protein (fusion...dish. This is caused by the stochastic nature of plasmid uptake by cells. To correct for this variation,...Goedhart et al, 2012, Bindels et al, 2017). The plasmid for co-expressing mTurquoise2 with mVenus as a ...Find Empty Backbones with Fluorescent Tags Find Plasmids for Subcellular Localization Browse the entire...

...Split-BioID plasmids Find CRISPR plasmids for labeling genomic regions Find CRISPR plasmids for purifying... include both scrambled RNA motifs and cells transfected with BirA* protein alone (i.e. no RNA bait). ...question that RaPID could help answer? The RaPID plasmids are available from Addgene! References Ramanathan...PubMed Central PMCID: PMC5886736. Find the RaPID Plasmids Here! McHugh, C.A., Russell, P., & Guttman, M...

... [6], plasmid electroporation (episomal) [7, 8] and mRNA transfection [9]. Many of the plasmids used for...Neurons [32, 33, 34] You can find a variety of plasmids for differentiation here. Transdifferentiation...Weintraub, and A.B. Lassar, Expression of a single transfected cDNA converts fibroblasts to myoblasts. Cell,...Pages Find Viral Vectors for Your Research Find Plasmids from the Yamanaka Lab ...

...of the new plasmids, antibodies, and viral preps in the repository through our Hot Plasmids articles.  ...all applications. Addgene’s plasmid collection includes over 10,000 plasmids with a FLAG tag (!), but did...electroporation or poor cellular entry with other transfection methods. The Junwei Shi Lab addressed this problem... al. 2023 with permission.   Find Cas-PAGE plasmids here!   Zhang, Z., et al. (2023). Efficient engineering...inspired and informed this section.  Find mStayGold plasmids at Addgene here!   Ando, R., et al. (2023). StayGold...under CC-BY license.   Find the AAV.CAP-Mac plasmid here!   Chuapoco, M.R., Flytzanis, N.C., Goeden...(2023) under CC-BY license.   Find AAV1-X1 plasmid here! Chen, X., et al. (2023). Functional gene ...

...as a universal donor plasmid. The CRISPaint toolkit includes several donor plasmids for protein tagging...The Jorgensen Lab recently developed a modular plasmid assembly toolkit called SapTrap to improve CRISPR...repair template. SapTrap includes a prebuilt donor plasmid library containing several types of fluorescent...tag and homology arms). Digestion of the donor plasmids with SapI allows the tag, selectable marker, and...to be released (Fig. 1, Step 2-3). Since donor plasmids of the same type will produce the same unique ...different combinations of connector and tag donor plasmids from the library can be used to generate functionally... of the targeting vector and a Cas9 expression plasmid will insert the desired genetic tag and marker ...

...subset of the new plasmids and viral preps in the repository through our hot plasmids articles. These articles...recent plasmid deposits and we hope they'll make it easier for you to find and use the plasmids you need...structures within cells. HeLa cells were transfected with plasmids encoding FPs tagged with the plasma membrane...They generated plasmids tagged with EB3 to mark the growing tips of microtubuli and plasmids tagged with ...and dCas9-VPR targeting plasmids can be found at Addgene. Check out these plasmids for piggyBac gRNA delivery...highlights from recent CRISPR plasmids. To find all of the CRISPR plasmids available from Addgene, head... Find the plasmids at Addgene The MoClo CRISPR/Cas Toolkit for plants includes 95 plasmids consisting...

...Animal Models Q9: Is there any difference in transfection efficiency when delivering these viruses via...user Resources on Addgene.org Find Adenovirus Plasmids Adenovirus Guide Page Subscribe to Viral Vectors...

...multitude of techniques including co-transfection of two or more plasmids, the use of multiple or bidirectional...with a plasmid that already has the multicistronic element and reporter cloned in. In these plasmids you ...interest. Some of the plasmids listed in the table above (and their related plasmids) are designed to have... a one-stop reference guide for plasmids. We've combined our Plasmids 101 blog posts and additional resources...desktop. The Plasmids 101 eBook is designed to educate all levels of scientists and plasmid lovers and ... an introduction to plasmids, allowing you to spend less time researching plasmid basic features and spend...May 11.) PubMed.   Read more Plasmids 101 posts or browse Addgene's Plasmid Guide for more molecular biology...

...adenoviral stock (rAdV-S). HEK293 cells are transfected with the AdV plasmid construct from step #1 and allowed...down into 5 key steps: Construction of the rAdV plasmid (~1 week): The AdEasyTM system is the most popular...adenoviral vector constructs. It consists of 2 plasmids: a shuttle vector (in which the transgene of interest...how to generate the final recombinant adenoviral plasmid construct, please see Addgene’s Adenoviral Guide...2.*Pro-Tip*: once the correct recombinant pAdV plasmid is identified, re-transform into a bacterial strain...recombination for amplification. The final purified plasmid stock should be analyzed by endonuclease restriction...transductions Resources on Addgene.org Find Adenovirus Plasmids Adenovirus Guide Page  ...

...to find Gateway plasmids for your organisms of interest: Find Gateway cloning plasmids here! References...antibiotic resistance markers (indicated here by plasmid color), allowing you to easily select for the expression...desired, recombined construct. Read our recent Plasmids 101 Post on CcdB for more information. How to ...Method A: recombination of an attB-PCR product or plasmid with an attP donor vector. In this case, we would... to use the Snapgene program to design Gateway plasmids.    Figure 3: Method A to create an entry...restriction digest! Then, you can transform or transfect the cells that you want to use for your experiments...entry clones can be used with a large variety of plasmids. Speed The Gateway system enables the generation...

... Read our Plasmids 101 blog series Find other plasmid protocols and tips Browse our plasmid cloning blog...alkaline lysis plasmid miniprep Starting material: 2 mL bacterial culture Product: plasmid DNA This kit-...kit-free plasmid miniprep protocol from Addgene follows a similar workflow as a column-based plasmid extraction... or agarose gel slices Product: plasmids or DNA fragments The plasmid purification and DNA gel extraction...depending on the type of DNA you’re purifying (plasmid, genomic, or DNA fragments from agarose).    In...causes the proteins and genomic DNA to precipitate. Plasmid DNA is free in solution. Proteins and genomic DNA... removed by centrifugation. At this point, the plasmid DNA sample can be treated with RNase to remove ...

...bonds, monobodies can be easily expressed in transfected eukaryotic cells, allowing for them to be used...Resources Additional resources on the Addgene blog Plasmids 101: Aptamer FluorophoresAntibodies 101: scFVs...available from AddgeneBrowse our recombinant antibody plasmid collection References Grumezescu, A. M. (2018)....