We narrowed to 868 results for: REN

...nucleus, a different fix/perm kit is required (to be precise, the fixing solution is different while the...decrease in signal strength in a flow plot. d = days post treatment. Created using biorender.com. Cell viability...lineage markers, like many of the cluster of differentiation (CD) proteins found on immune cells. However...antibody host species interactions. Created using biorender.com. Another way of indirect labeling is through...primary antibody host species, as it has to be different from the other antibodies in your panel. Otherwise... dendritic cell, CD8+ T cell. Created using biorender.com.   Intracellular labeling Oftentimes, a ...first fixed and then permeabilized, using two different buffer solutions. Fixing causes protein cross-...

...graph of photocurrent vs. time. The resulting histograms is described through maximum current (H), the...cytometer to increase the electric current and thereby the signal strength. So, we need to adjust the voltage...Gates are the parameters the machine uses to differentiate between variations in those factors. To understand...a little bit of theoretical background on the different parameters that your gating strategy will be based...measured: height (H), area (A), and width (W). The different measures are represented as FSC-A/SSC-A, FSC-H...(see Figure 2). H describes the maximum signal strength, while W results from the time that the cell spent...cells, blood cells and more), each coming with a different size and structural complexity. After several ...

...sequence critical for Cas9 cleavage), thereby rendering the resulting construct resistant to Cas9 induced...that amplifies the entire plasmid template. The parent template is removed using a methylation-dependent...A*” (in addition to the “A” site already in the parent vector). Also shown are the “B” restriction sites...with enzyme “A” as compared to the products of parental plasmid digestion (blue). Digestion with enzyme...mutagenesis. In addition, you may want to try different concentrations of template (e.g. 0.1-1.0 ng/μl...methylation-dependent enzyme (DpnI) to eliminate the parent plasmid from the PCR products, the plasmid template...patch up the DNA. The resistance marker from the parental plasmid provides a mean for selecting for transformants...

...conjugated to different fluorophores or a panel of primaries that was raised in different species or are...are complex and antibodies may perform differently in different samples and experimental conditions. Be...for IHC, not all IHC experiments are the same. Differences in sample processing, fixation, antigen-retrieval...make sure that you can easily distinguish each different type of antibody and therefore each target protein...unique isotype or species, then you can choose different fluorophore-conjugated secondary antibodies specific...product. Note that many antibodies are sold under different names through multiple vendors, so look at epitope...to choose between the same antibody sold under different names.  If all else is equal, feel free to make...

...expression of kynurenine aminotransferases, to enhance the conversion of kynurenine into kynurenic acid. That...skeletal muscles led to another clue: differences in the kynurenine pathway of tryptophan degradation. It...That’s key because, unlike kynurenine, kynurenic acid can’t cross the blood-brain barrier. By lowering...plasmids from Addgene. References: Skeletal muscle PGC-1α1 modulates kynurenine metabolism and mediates...lowering circulating levels of kynurenine in the body, the brain is protected from stress-induced biochemical...

...’s of working in different sectors. Luckily, I have worked for a variety of different organizations, so...overview of my experience and how I felt about the different positions to enable them to decide for themselves...effectively. I had to learn how to cope with a different climate and culture, and also needed to be resourceful... experience and a second language in Spanish or French, and so they were ideal candidates for these positions...very quickly; as soon as I learned how to do the different tests and became efficient, I then started to ...economy and plenty of jobs in science at world renowned institutes. The lab at the University of Queensland...diagnostic tool for the detection and diagnosis of different types of pancreatic cancer and highlighting which...

... and reference on how to design PCR primers.  Types of PCR Since the invention of PCR, different PCR methods...Analysis RNA detection     References and Resources References Shen C-H (2019) Amplification of... methods have been developed for different scientific applications. These PCR methods all use the same...referred to as simply PCR, is used for an array of different molecular biology techniques and experiments. ...alleles or mutations. ddPCR also does not require a reference or standard curve, which can be time consuming...original template DNA in the sample.  Addgene currently uses ddPCR for AAV titrating. You can learn all...Multiple template PCR - multiple templates with different primer pairs that align to the target region of...

...genetically modify primary cells. Amongst the different vectors used, lentiviral vector constructs have...CaCl2, cationic liposome) or electrical (electric current forming membrane pores) transfection. These techniques...transducing certain quiescent or terminally differentiated cells such as macrophages and microglia. This...ability to infect non-dividing cells. Thus three different generations of lentiviral vectors have been established...transcribe the viral genome in producing cells. Currently, the third-generation lentiviral vector system...to RCL. Regarding transduction efficacy, no differences between the 2nd and the 3rd generation of vectors...marker can be placed under the control of two different promoters. Both the single and dual promoter transfer...

...insensitivity to other ions In BRET, A mutant Renilla luciferase, catalyzes the oxidation of its substrate...applications. The system can be readily modified to use different antibiotic resistances, restriction enzymes and...either without a tag or as multiple fusions with different N- and C-terminal tags. Additionally, by using... a final lentiviral vector containing up to 5 different elements. Lentiviral vectors constructed with ...instance, the intra-nuclear distance between loci on different chromosomes. The advantage of having this kind...targeted loci during the cell cycle or cell differentiation. This tool should delight anyone interested...function. In order to dissect protein traffic in different systems, Franck Perez’s lab, from the Institut...

...about your different experiences in research labs. What are some similarities and differences you have ...found that research institutes in different places have very different cultures. In Basel, I felt that ...developing drugs against intractable diseases. Currently, a number of labs are using enChIP, and I'm very... a wide variety of biological systems. We are currently developing several additional systems of enChIP...recently developed the oligoribonucleotide (ORN) interference-PCR (ORNi-PCR) method to suppress PCR amplification...world? Fujii: Fortunately, I was able to work in different parts of the world in my early research career...which is not trivial, and the grant situation is currently much better than that in the US for me. In addition...

... pivotal role in spontaneous swimming. References Arrenberg, Aristides B., Filippo Del Bene, and Herwig...Optogenetics in a transparent animal: circuit function in the larval zebrafish." Current opinion in neurobiology...wavelengths and light intensity requirements of different opsins, studies have shown that some channels,...simultaneously and still be individually activated with different lights (Baier et al., 2009).  Zebrafish behaviors... do so, the lab expressed the LiGluR opsin in different subsets of spinal cord neurons using the Gal4/...Gal4/UAS system. This created fish lines with different groups of neurons that could be activated with light...spontaneous swim or escape, was elicited when these different neuron groups were activated or “turned on.” In...

...number of different experimental approaches. They first assessed the activation of different members of...response to different agonists. These studies showed the promiscuity of GPCRs for different G protein transducers...neurotransmission. But with approximately 950 different human genes encoding GPCRs (Takeda S et al., 2002...a vast number of signaling cascades, inducing different cellular responses. One of the biggest advantages...measure the physical association of combinations of different Gα, Gβ, and Gγ subunits. When inactive, these ...is used to excite an acceptor fluorophore. The difference for BRET is that the energy transfer is between... the signaling through the transducerome from different GPCRs. This collection can be used to study endogenous...

...reprogramming factors and wait for cells to de-differentiate. However it’s difficult, especially as a newbie...reprogramming proteins. Table 1: Key Features of Different Methods for Generating iPSCs. One important note...reactivation of Myc or other oncogenes after differentiation has been linked to tumor formation in iPSC-...concerns, but overall integrating viral systems currently lack the safety required for translational use...iPSC-derived cells can interfere with their differentiation potential. Finally, retroviruses are prone ...drawback is that lentiviral vectors insert in different genetic locations in each transduced cell, so ...a single polycistronic transgene or with four different adenoviruses, each expressing one factor. These...

... about the current state of a partnership. Every collaboration and partnership is different as are the...collaborators from other institutions personally on conference calls and make sure to maintain these relationships... learning from others and meeting people with different mindsets and approaches can truly broaden your...neighboring lab, you've met interesting people at conferences and you have successfully reached out to people...collaborations and partnerships. There are many different ways to maintain a relationship - many of them...chat can be rather tricky (think people based in different countries). Here social media is a connector and...maintain external collaborations is important? In my current job at Addgene I work with people from various ...

... that can replicate in different bacteria and express proteins within different host organisms. pBBR1-...recombinant vectors at Addgene!   References and resources References Doran, K. S., Konieczny, I., & Helinski...  A plasmid’s host range is determined by the different hosts that a plasmid can transfer to, replicate... they carry among organisms belonging to many different phylogenetic groups (Jain and Srivastava 2013)...plasmids are more stable, can be easily cloned in different bacteria, and can be transferred to various experimental...and can alter the efficiency of replication in different bacterial hosts (Doran et al. 1998). Regulatory...plasmid has multiple ori that are functionally differentiated from one another. Based on their structural...

...lead to wildly different ideas of how to approach a problem, but it is these very differences that make our...similar cognitive biases and this would become apparent in the software we develop. We would all have ...the software design. Each of us brings slightly different cognitive biases as a result of our diversity ...Another advantage of Scrum is that it provides transparency to everyone involved about the status of each...Addgene and ourselves. We are also able to consider different technical approaches that may come up during discussion...developer and I get to see an approach that is likely different from what I would have done. And finally the stakeholder...isn’t how we work. We all take turns working on different parts of the code. I think the best way to learn...

...not fluoresce. A dark population is not readily apparent and can confound quantitative imaging experiments...posttranslational modifications can disrupt FP folding rendering the protein non-fluorescent. Unfortunately, accumulated...palette of FPs (moxFPs) [5]. The moxFPs overcome the inherent problems of popular fluorescent proteins and were... green and blue or cyan and yellow moxFPs. The inherent brightness and spectral characteristics of the...the moxFPs are comparable to the non-optimized parental proteins. Our recent publication illustrated the...most, if not all, of the FP fusions. Our moxFPs currently represent one of the most inert solutions for ...at the National Institutes of Health and he is currently an Associate Professor at Albert Einstein College...

...multiple times and on different days. Using our example above, we would test different preparations of Plasmid...Plasmid A in different aliquots of cells on several different days. Biological replicates control for ...There are many, many different types of experiments carried out by scientists every day. Although the... the results because it provides an important reference point when analyzing the specificity of the shRNA...variable should be consistent over time and from different preparations of the purified test plasmid expressing...a bit more below, but the papers cited in the reference section provide more in depth information. Technical...aliquots of cells and plasmids, be performed on different days, etc, but outside constraints may impose ...

...endoderm progenitors (iEPs), a self-renewing cell type that can differentiate into hepatic or intestinal cell... tool. Check out the CellTag webpage! References Biddy, Brent A., et al. "Single-cell mapping of lineage...Direct reprogramming describes the process where differentiated cells are turned into a cell type of choice...identifier and allows cells to be tagged with different CellTag libraries at multiple timepoints during...inefficient. Cells were sequentially tagged with different CellTag libraries at three time points during ...are undergoing identity changes, such as the differentiation of induced pluripotent stem cells or the clonal...reprogramming and direct reprogramming Explore different methods for delivery of reprogramming factors ...

...of iGluSnFR   iGluSnFR was developed in 2013 by Loren Looger’s lab at HHMI Janelia Research Campus to ...medium affinity for glutamate), that came in three different colors – blue (SF-Azurite-iGluSnFR), green (SF-iGluSnFR...glutamate signaling events, and accurately differentiating between synaptic vs. extrasynaptic glutamate...and ∆F/F0. Introduce the two variants in three different membrane-targeting flavors – PDGFR, GPI, and SGZ...Figure 1   Increased versatility through two different variants The yellow (v82) and lime green (v857... Figure 2: Glutamate titration curves for the different iGluSnFR variants. Image adapted from Aggarwal...Figure 3: pH titration curves and ∆F/F0 for the different iGluSnFR variants. Image adapted from Aggarwal...

...duration of the conference (be warned, the hand sanitizer does go quickly!)  The Conference How many Addgenies... to brush up on your conference skills, check out some of our helpful conference blog posts before you...Scientific Conference Poster Session TipsHow to Make Friends and Meet People at a Scientific Conference New ...Getting ready for Society for Neuroscience Conference 2023? So are we! Come say hi to us at Addgene's...favorite content strategist, Jo. While we've all got different areas of expertise, we are each equally excited...invite you to join us! We'll also be sharing our conference experience on X, Instagram, and Bluesky.   Finally...

...between Cas9 enzymes from different species, explaining why they recognize different guide RNAs. Deep in the...Other CRISPR enzymes like Cas12 have different structures and different uses. In all cases, structural biology...includes most of the bridge helix. Created with BioRender.com.   Cas9 has two major lobes, called NUC ...guide RNA (PDB ID 4ZT0), shown opaque (left) and transparent (right). The RNA guide sequence is extended as...target DNA (PDB ID 7S4X), shown opaque (left) and transparent (right). Some nucleotides of the non-target DNA...from the same angle to highlight conformational differences. HNH, red; RuvC, orange; CTD, yellow; REC lobe...; DNA, gray; PAM site, yellow. Created with BioRender.com.   The exact conformational changes that...

...overexpress or knockdown a gene, you might need different plasmids. Harvard’s DRSC/TRiP Functional Genomics...varying expression levels of your transgene in different fly lines. Also, if there is a chance you need...transgenes in one fly, having the transgenes in different loci allows for genetic recombination so that ...for direct comparisons between lines expressing different variants of YFG because the transgenes are found...remember that you’ll need to integrate them all at different loci. Fortunately, there are many docking sites...docking site is located). This amounts to a small difference of two or three weeks. 3. How would you like ...experimentation. Drosophila are amenable to many different kinds of experimental assays depending on your...

...findability” of the information on the site. Different users have different strategies for finding what they need...the overall user experience of our website, the different website navigation paths, the organization and...software team tailored Elasticsearch to support the different usage patterns the larger team identified. The...our catalog of materials and services is quite different from the way it searches through our educational...information in our search indices in order to support different kinds of matches: exact words, partial words, ...or numerical identifiers. We also combine the different terms in a query in a way that allows users to...Weighting We determined the relative importance of different bits of information for a given resource, and ...

... thinking, ‘wait, those terms mean different things?!’, you aren’t alone! We’ve noticed a lot of scientists...in. The differences They say the devil is in the details - and that’s where the differences in these... RNAi resources and go fishing! References and resources References Wang, T., Wei, J.J., Sabatini, D....selections The common goals The confusion in differentiating between a screen and a selection isn’t surprising... you would individually treat cells with many different drugs and then perform an assay to look at an ... No one wants to spend time screening hits that aren’t “real” or novel for their purposes… or worse yet...experimental question. Now that you understand the difference between the two, it’s time to check out our CRISPR...

...containing many different promoters, RBS’, coding sequences (CDS), and terminators of varying strengths. These ... developed for the study of enhancer function, strength, and binding (e.g. DHS-seq, FAIRE-seq, and CHIP-seq...variable availability of enhancer sequences in different chromatin states. Alexander Stark and colleagues...transcription from the minimal promoter and its strength can be determined from its enrichment over input...process of cloning, combining, and testing these different parts can be quite arduous. The cloning process...that control many cellular processes such as differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis. In humans, mutations...To facilitate innovative cancer research, the Reference Reagents Group of the NCI RAS Initiative, led ...

...ligation mix in different bacterial strains (stbl2, NEB stable, etc.), and/or use a different temperature ...want to assemble together in a combination of different ways according to your cloning strategy: Restriction...buffers and temperature are compatible between the different enzymes. Always check the fragments size of your... There are multiple ways you can assemble the different parts of a plasmid based on the cloning strategy...attention in the areas of ligation between the different fragments If you don’t get any positive clone...might want to reconsider your approach, and try a different cloning strategy. Once you've identified potential...Nature, and other journals.   Paolo Colombi is currently the product development scientist at Addgene. ...

... These each have different goals, formats, and processes, and they provide different amounts of access...research during his PhD studies.  References and Additional Resources References ASAPbio, Preprint Resource ...like publishing a research article, presenting a conference poster or talk, or submitting patent or grant..., and increase their impact. Open access and transparency Another major benefit of preprints is their ...Going to present some unpublished results at a conference? Post your working manuscript as a preprint too... work too openly too soon or simply a lack of awareness of the benefits of preprints. Some worry about...be prone to biases or errors, with a lack of transparency in most review processes. Preprints and their...

...engage broadly with diverse communities, to raise awareness about where science is and where it is going, ...Personal Genetics Education Project (pgEd), where I currently work, strives to broaden the conversations about...Harvard Medical School, has a mission of raising awareness and starting conversations about both the benefits...and epigenetics. So, I sought out a number of different opportunities to broaden my training beyond the...major part of our everyday work is to liaise with different organizations and individuals, to identify ways...collaborating, and to organize events that bring different voices together to talk about genetics. In addition... such as scientific, educational or industry conferences, as well as schools, community events, churches...

...section, teams are assigned different groups of three genes selected from different parts of the Met pathway...first select a multi-gene pathway to study and a reference organism where deletion strains are available....Students next transform deletion strains from the reference organisms with the overexpression plasmids. Finally...species has a similar function to the gene in the reference species. We have been using yeast models (3, 4...yeast, Saccharomyces. cerevisiae, makes a great reference organism for the project because it is non-pathogenic.... Over time, the two genomes have become very different due to a whole genome duplication and extensive...cloning to insert the coding sequences for ten different MET/Met genes (Figure 1) from the two yeast species...

...of the Canton Nucleic Acids Forum (CNAF) 2015 conference invited me to attend and speak about Addgene’...attended by over 300 Chinese scientists eager to hear current findings in nucleic acid science. I was delighted...Thoughts on Guangzhou and the Science City The conference was located in the modern, relatively new “Science...national science and technology park, it enjoys preferential governmental policies for a high-tech development... which I could identify. There were dozens of different mushroom varieties alone. At least I could tell...requires an interdisciplinary team.  Day two of the conference was kicked off by Nobel Laureate (and Addgene...circRNAs do yet or how they do it. Of course, No conference would be complete without CRISPR Michael Terns...

...to learn how to adapt to different situations and, in particular, to different styles of leadership. As...must accommodate many different types of people in order to harness their strengths and work effectively...to learn more. Having met many people at that conference, I later became involved with the NPA beyond ...within the committee, I became Vice-Chair when the current Vice-Chair stepped down. When the Chair then stepped... the Committee which I then led for 5 years.  Different leadership styles Being an effective leader requires...requires you to understand how to work with many different types of people both above and below you. During...relationships with these individuals who often had different styles from their predecessors. Changes were implemented...

...your sunglasses — these proteins are bright! Most current yellow fluorescent proteins tend to photobleach... 1). See the paper for more details on small differences between mGold2s and mGold2t depending on the ...2025) under CC BY-NC-ND license. If you’re currently using mVenus or mCitrine, or if existing yellow...mGold2t for your next experiments and see the difference! Find mGold2 plasmids here! Lee, J., Lai, S....(Cas9). Drawings not to scale. Created with BioRender.com. Steven Jacobsen and Jennifer Doudna’s ...libraries are available for tracking cell lineage, different applications require careful selection or design...Clonal Kinetics (STRACK) to study stem cell differentiation and cancer fates (Singh et al., 2025). Key ...

... or looking to improve your current methods, understanding the differences can help you make an informed... Resources References Shaw, G., Morse, S., Ararat, M., & Graham, F. L. (2002). Preferential transformation...make the virus. Viruses can be produced in many different cell types, spanning both prokaryotic and eukaryotic...However, some viruses can be produced in multiple different cell types, including plants, mammals, and insects... transfer plasmid. The transfer plasmids have different packaging capacities depending on the virus. AAV... which system to use will come down to which differences are most important to you — virus type, cost,...this post has provided some insight on these differences in viral production and will help you decide ...

...first successful attempt to render fixed anatomical preparations transparent was done by Walter Spalteholtz... Pubmed. J. Sharpe, U. Ahlgren, P. Perry, Hill B, Ross A, J. Hecksher-Sorensen, R. Baldock,  D. Davidson...microscopy coupled with techniques that make tissues transparent are enabling microscopes to visualize the cellular...spinal tract, CST, spinal cord and cranial nerve afferents labelled with a AAV8 expressing eGFP under the...sample and captured the reflected light using a different objective lens oriented perpendicular to the plane...of clear specimens and for in vivo imaging of transparent organisms. Advances in tissue clearing Similar...Find plasmids from the Tsoulfas lab here.     References: H. Siedentopf, and R,. Zsigmondy.  (1902) Ann...

... This preferential tropism for different brain regions is largely due the ability of different serotypes...tissue? What is commonly known is that different serotypes have different tropisms but, as you can see, AAVs...there are marked differences among serotypes in their efficiency at transducing different brain regions....serotypes to infect different cell types. In the CNS, it has been shown that there is variable transduction...skeletal muscles, and the central nervous system. Currently, AAVs are being used to deliver CRISPR/Cas9 but...transduction efficiency, and safety profiles should strengthen its appeal for the scientific and medical communities...movement. Follow her on twitter @katrinaboards.   References 1. Russell, David W. "AAV vectors, insertional...

...presenting your research at conferences such as SACNAS and ABRCMS. These conferences have a lot of programming...her on Twitter @EleanorWang.     References and resources References Canning EA, LaCosse J, Kroeper KM...new therapies can be developed and applied. The current pandemic serves as a striking example of the applicability... is a supportive environment—it makes all the difference in a lab experience. “Mentorship” was a bit of...interested in doing research and attending research conferences. The Barry Goldwater scholarship is also a national...graduate programs, recruiters will attend these conferences to answer questions and offer application fee...explore! Addgene has an entire page dedicated to different career options from science policy to science ...

...Addgene blog Plasmid Preps: Different Purity, Different Quantities, Different Uses What's the Best Way to... our blog and website.          References and Resources References Ahlfen SV, Schlumpberger M. Effects...Each of these contaminants will have a slightly different impact on the spectra of a mixed sample.  ...A260/230 of ~2.0. However, let’s break down how different contaminants impact these ratios.  Protein contaminants...A260/230 ratio of a DNA sample, its absorbance strength is low compared to other reagents, making it more...concentrations < 10 ng/μL), where absorbance readings are inherently more variable. If you do need to work with dilute... instrument you use and check out some of the references we have provided below. And if you do have trouble...

...across multiple teams or to stay abreast of current trends in the literature, sampling a breadth of work...One thing many scientists enjoy is discussion of current new and exciting literature. As I transitioned ... had concerns that I may not have time to stay current or enjoy that discussion. Luckily, one needn't ...science, researchers of all varieties must stay current with literature and emerging technologies to remain...meeting amongst scientists that aims to help stay current on new and emerging work by collaboratively discussing...the meeting settles in and people get the time recurrently carved out. This notice typically should include...the same figure by figure organization with a different person responsible for each figure. Others still...

...can't distinguish the different proteins from each other. To distinguish different target proteins in your...target. By using a mix of different antibody-fluorophore combinations for different markers of interest, you...fluorophore. However, these aren't strict rules and in practice the differences in brightness levels are ... fluorophore's brightness refers to the signal strength of the emitted photons detected by the cytometer...a global maximum at around 560 nm, leading to different levels of brightness, depending on the laser light's...floodlight. For fluorophore brightness levels, these differences are much more subtle (think of brightness levels... Even though the two compounds are completely different in nature (eGFP being a protein and FITC an organic...

...more scientists in our leadership, and raising awareness regarding the pitfalls of accepting alternative...outside the scientific community. Vanessa Sung is currently a PhD student studying breast cancer at the Goodman...Over the last few years, there's been a disturbing trend in the number of high profile people denying science...climate change is a hoax. This has culminated in the current President holding and campaigning on many views...Candidate studying Nuclear Science and Engineering at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute. He also studies energy...that I expected. Jennifer Stancill, Ph.D., is currently a post-doctoral fellow at Vanderbilt University...fingers of skepticism to defend an agenda that halts current data collection, destroys existing data, and guts...

...numerous variants for the different types of opsins available and their differences and uses have been discussed... the different variants [1, 2, 4]. And, of course, the best way to learn about the many different opsin...particular neurotransmitter release or post-synaptic current. Fortunately, if your lab focuses primarily on ...about this in detail later). But what are the different steps in an optogenetics experiment and what are...Biology from the University of Michigan and he is currently a Postdoctoral Fellow in the lab of Mary Jeanne... or follow him on Twitter @derekpsimonphd.    References 1. Tye KM, Deisseroth K. Optogenetic investigation... for analyzing the neural circuits of behavior. Trends in cognitive sciences. 2011;15(12):592-600. doi...

...immunotherapy than ever before. Although different types of cancer have different challenges and obstacles to overcome...However, there are many different forms of immunotherapy that work in different ways. For example, a new...learned much about the causes of cancer and the different avenues that can be used to treat it. For those...latency period, and rarity of mesothelioma make it different from many other types of cancer. Mesothelioma ...literally thousands of years to Ancient Greece. Current mesothelioma treatment As with many forms of cancer...catch the disease earlier. New techniques are currently being tested in clinical trials to detect mesothelioma...mesothelioma, such as in the case of Paul Zygielbaum. A different approach to immunotherapy is bevacizumab (Avastin...

...strains of mice. This suggests that a small genetic difference between these two mice might drive their divergent...took a broad approach and searched for genetic difference between the 36 mouse strains that are part of...permissive phenotype, but only one, Ly6a, showed differential protein and RNA expression between the brains...level of CNS PHP.B transduction as their C57BL/6J parent. The second generation (F2) of outbred mice also... if PHP.B required the same receptors that its parental AAV9 relied on for transducing cells: galactose...These results suggested that PHP.B, unlike its parental AAV9, does not require galactose and AAVR to transduce...are not reproduced when the vector is used in different mouse strains. The in vivo selection for PHP.B...

... new prime editors, PE6a–g, that overcome some current prime limitations and enable impressive editing...optimized for dual-AAV systems. These variants use different RT enzymes and performed large edits with similar...similar or better efficiency than PEmax, the current state-of-the-art. PE6b was very efficient for short...types. DIRECTED is compatible with fusogens from different viral families and can be used to target multiple... enzymes, TurboID and APEX2, are localized to different cellular compartments. They showed APEX2 can use...uses sequential labeling by TurboID and APEX2 at different cellular locations. C) Enrichment of dual-labeled...stably or inducibly express tagged iPAK4 from different promoters, specific time points appear as fluorescent...

...these tools can be to use. AAVs, which can target different cell types depending on their serotype, are particularly...93,491 viral vector preps with researchers in 45 different countries — and as of 2024, we’ve distributed ...the vectors in Addgene’s catalog are offered in different serotypes. In fact, the 879 viral vectors in our... CRISPR, where we dove fairly deeply into the different types of tools scientists were using/depositing... is less amenable to such analysis, due to its inherent bias: Addgene uses a prioritization process to...service. But why are their request patterns so different? It could be a matter of timing, as jGCaMP7 was...from requestors and depositors, and identifying trends in our own repository data, giving us significant...

...in the U.S., whose current salaries are below the new exemption level (the current average postdoc salary...exactly how postdoctoral salaries are changing. Transparent salary information for postdoctoral positions...data) and therefore the numbers of postdocs at different points on this salary range. We have been able...are doing, however, may face greater challenges. Current salary information that we have been able to find... with relative certainty that just over 40% of current postdocs will have their salaries raised to the...already have salaries at or above $50,000. Boston Children’s Hospital is the only part of the Harvard group...laws will have on the postdoc population. In the current funding climate combined with the lack of a sustainable...

...Addgene blog Plasmid Preps: Different Purity, Different Quantities, Different Uses Plasmids 101: Optimizing...quantity.   Figure 1: Plasmid preps fall into different categories based on their relative qualities and... and quantities. Image created in BioRender.com. Transformation Grade DNA (low quality/low quantity...fairly self explanatory and achieved by performing different sized preps, such as miniprep, midiprep, etc. ...what do we mean by DNA quality? There are a few different issues that can arise during the plasmid purification...left with pure plasmid DNA. Image created in BioRender.com. For the clean-up stage, plasmid purification...applications, the choice is largely a matter of preference.   Which size kit to use?  Obtaining higher quantities...

... science) they come from many different places supporting many different positions. It would be detrimental...cycle begins again. No part of this process is inherently political so why is there a march in Washington... (scientists who hold a doctorate degree, are currently working full-time, and have received a research... and everyone is welcome. Why? There are many different things scientists and non-scientists alike are...not necessarily marching for every cause. The references provided also only provide a snapshot into the...microbial interactions, and science education.       References March for Science Website Locke, John, and Peter...Cambridge university press, 1988. AAS: Historical Trends in Federal R&D NJ.com: Rush Holt: Lawmakers need...

...by Addgenie Rebecca Hutcheson.   References and resources References Banasik, M. B., & McCray, P. B., ...integrase-deficient viral vector. Created with BioRender.com. What are integrase-deficient lentiviral...then, numerous variants have been developed with different mechanisms to inactivate the integrase.  The IDLV...of non-integrating transgenes. Created with BioRender.com; adapted from Banasik and McCray, 2010. ...vectors is random, and the integration site will be different for each transduced cell, there’s no telling which...to valine at position 64) which is sufficient to render the integrase non-functional without affecting ... that of regular lentiviral vectors. The only difference is that you would use the integrase-deficient...