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...resistance-mediating polymorphisms in African samples of Plasmodium falciparum." Journal of clinical microbiology 51.8 (...furiosus." Acta Crystallographica Section F: Structural Biology and Crystallization Communications 61.12 (2005... In vitro, ligases (notably T4 DNA ligase) are critical reagents for many molecular biology protocols,...or DNA base pair mismatches (8-11). For some applications, there cannot be any end-joining activity, and...regions. Why use a high fidelity ligase? Numerous applications have been developed to take advantage of the...Taq and other thermostable DNA ligases. These applications detect specific nucleotide sequences with high...rounds of melting and annealing allows linear amplification of the probe ligation product. With the right...

...D) teams at pharma companies carry out preclinical and clinical research to discover and test the best...years. Complicating these challenges is the fact that they occur in the context of significant clinical...training in reviewing literature, and critical analyses skills were applicable to my cases. I can directly use...molecular behaviors of chemicals and proteins to learn how a particular drug or medical device works. This... consulting? Healthcare consultants advise pharmaceutical companies, biotech start-ups, health insurance...efficient ways of delivering healthcare. Clients typically engage consultants as short-term experts to work...acquisitions of or collaborations with other companies. Medical Affairs groups work on building awareness among...

... receptors which play a critical role in development and are often implicated in disease progression. ...inability to replicate the spatio-temporal precision with which signaling events occur in a physiological setting...brighter mutant S65T-GFP, and the subsequent biochemical characterization, has enabled scientists to engineer...observations: Rapamycin is a membrane-permeable pharmacological agent that can rapidly induction heterodimerization...flexible cloning process provides improvements to classical cloning methods, particularly for complex transgenesis...enabled the group to perform independent two-color optical excitation of neurons. The paper describes five...setting. Genetic techniques typically rely on overexpression or knock-down, where signaling dynamics are...

...rather than being geographically constrained to the brain. In cases where it’s critical to minimize or eliminate...recommended for all systemic capsid applications. For example, AAV-PHP.eB is typically administered at a total dose...your specific application and animal model.  Other model organisms Tropism and efficacy can vary depending... 2023 * indicates viral preps available. Mechanisms of crossing the BBB are indicated in parentheses...crossing into the brain. While helpful from a biological standpoint, it makes delivering AAVs to the brain...throughout the organism to target large or diffuse biological structures. Of primary interest here are systemic...suitability of a systemic capsid for an individual application is dependent on a number of factors, including...

...FAIRE-seq, and CHIP-seq), genome-wide identification and quantification of enhancer activity have remained...Identifying new ligands for orphan GPCRs is of significant medical interest, however efforts to do so have been...GMAP-compatible vectors for a wide variety of biological applications. First, GMAP-compatible backbones for lentivirus...mutant library generation in several biotechnologically and clinically relevant bacterial species. pORTMAGE...backgrounds can lead to disparate physiological effects and complicate any metabolic study. The Ralser ...brief articles highlight the main features and applications of a partiular plasmid or set of plasmids. We...Wu Lab library can be found in the associated publication. Ma, et al. Cell Rep. 2015. PubMed PMID: 26190106...

...protein site-specifically to alter its function, mimic a biologically relevant modification, or add in ...function relationships or, in more practical applications, allow a protein to be more effectively used in ...presents a significant barrier for those wishing to use it as a tool. In short, while the technical skills...proteins, you’re probably quite interested in the canonical 20 amino acids. But in your quest to learn more...code expansion (GCE): techniques in which non-canonical amino acids (ncAAs, also sometimes called unnatural...in fluorescent or chemically reactive side chains, all of which can help determine structure and function...was developed into an E. coli system, with the noncanonical amino acid in the media and the tRNAs and synthetase...

.... "A genetically encoded fluorescent probe in mammalian cells." Journal of the American Chemical Society...). GFP is the most popular, most widely used genetically encoded fluorescent probe. Several factors contribute...probe, it is the first choice when selecting a genetically encoded fluorescent tag. There are, however, ... proteins.Therefore, GFP is not suitable for applications that require anaerobic conditions. In experiments...of these strategies works best for a specific biological system under anaerobic conditions needs to be...adding GFP may alter diffusion rates. Smaller genetically encoded probes are based on cofactor binding ...tags are peptides that are engineered to bind specifically and with high affinity to fluorophores. Examples...

...or feedback. One of the most significant shifts in scientific communication is the rising use of preprints...arXiv.org), but have been only adopted by biological and biomedical scientists (see: bioRxiv.org or medRxiv.org...the most important part of your research is communicating the results of the work. Yes, those control ...any impact! There are lots of ways scientists communicate with each other: from formal mechanisms like ...poster or talk, or submitting patent or grant applications; to informal settings like lab meetings, social...publishing in a journal.  Accelerating scientific communication Preprints have been common in fields like math...increasingly growing time from submission to publication. It takes many months, often more than a year...

...people will simply load an extra ladder or technical replicate (ie, leftover sample) to fill the relevant...background, your issue is likely technical. White circles, for example, could indicate that you had air trapped...Sensitivity in Western Blotting. Journal of Pharmacological and Toxicological Methods, 64, 233–237. https://doi....to get right. If you’ve thoughtfully done the technical design of your blot, but are still finding yourself... be done at 4 °C or on ice, whichever is more practical. If your lysing method is not resulting in your...nuclear- or DNA-binding proteins, you may need to sonicate your lysates in order to release the proteins ...you may want to consult Tables 1 and 2 in our Technical Design of a Western Blot post to make sure you...

...Diecke, S., et al., Recent technological updates and clinical applications of induced pluripotent stem...opened up vast possibilities for the clinical and therapeutic applications of iPSCs. The generation of human... patients, specifically children and patients with skin disorders for research and clinical trials, as...derivation of clinical grade hiPSCs, reprogramming methods that do not involve modification of the original... OriP and induces amplification of the episomes concurrently with DNA amplification in the host cell. ...system thus provides a practical way to generate transgene-free, virus-free clinical grade hiPSCs from easily...therapy trials and remains a safety concern in the clinical field [4]. Three major reprogramming methods are...