...new target sites. Created in BioRender.com.   Class II TEs: DNA transposons Class II TEs are also ...of transposition: Class I TEs, also called retrotransposons, and Class II TEs, also called DNA transposons.... Class I Transposable elements (TEs): Retrotransposons  Class I TEs are also known as retrotransposons...the TE while also increasing the size of their host’s genome.   There are two types of Class 1 TEs: those...DNA sequences or target sites. Integration of most transposable elements (TEs) results in the duplication...into new target sites. This is similar to how retroviruses, like HIV, replicate. Class I TEs do not encode...encode a transposase enzyme.  Class I TEs are considered replicative since every time they jump they make...

...annual Deck The Lab holiday decorating contest! Our #DeckTheLab contest is a time for scientists worldwide...the details:   Contest 1: Deck the Lab - Classic Edition This edition of the contest is our traditional...December 23, 2020 Contest 2: Deck the Lab - Home Edition This edition of the contest should showcase a...for either contest on Twitter or Instagram by December 31, 2021. Let us know which contest you are entering...celebrate! And if you want to see how Addgene celebrates and decorates, follow us on Twitter and Instagram as... show off their decorating skills. To join the contest, simply embellish and adorn your lab space or your.... Have fun! Here’s an example from last year’s contest:   🎶Walking in a Winter Wonderlab🎶 We decided...

.... We asked all of the Addgenies to pick their favorites out of the bunch and here’s what ended up on top...stopped working on our reports/lab stuff for a few minutes to create this lovely winter scene out of stuff... of our entrants had fun decorating with their labmates! ...

...everyone who participated in our annual #Deckthelab contest. The bar was set very high from last year’s impressive...chocolate for the lab. Here are some of our 2017 contest winners:   Chicagoland's Community Biology ...Stanford University was so moved by our deck the lab contest that she spent a year hoarding used tip boxes for...lab supply tree and set a challenge for her lab mates to create the best-recycled lab supply ornament ...blast decorating and creating memories with their labmates! Are you inspired by our 2017 #Deckthelab winners...winners? Be sure to enter our 2018 #Deckthelab contest when the next holiday season rolls around! ...

...non-parametric test may be the way to go, which we will discuss more in another blog. T-tests T-tests compare...classic parametric tests and one of the simplest statistical tests available. Tailed t-tests If you are solely...ANOVA tests are essentially t-tests with room for more variables and groups. ANOVAs can test three or more...within a test, depends on the input data ‘following the rules’ of that test. All statistical tests have assumptions...distribution profiles.   Parametric tests  Statistical tests fall into two general categories: parametric... blog we will be discussing parametric tests. Parametric tests are suitable for data sets that “play by...need to be met for a parametric test are as follows:   Parametric test assumptions: Distribution – Normal...

...considerations, and give just the lightest of nods towards conjugates.  Storage   Once you get your exciting...antimicrobial.  Conjugates And HRP brings us handily to the final topic of this post, the conjugates, or signaling...questions is “yes,” then I would suggest either testing the antibody efficacy through a standard curve,...buffers, can bind to amine groups present in some conjugates, blocking the conjugation reaction. Many commercial...much every other assay you can do. Most non-HRP conjugates are fluorophores, which work not by reacting ...

...of the Federal Labor Standards Act (FLSA) which mandates that all workers across the country either be ...specifically chosen to better define productive routes for advocacy efforts and help participants develop...Fisher Scientific Developing effective science advocates is an important way to push the balance from challenge... advocates...

...learn more! Background: Argonaute and NgAgo In eukaryotes, Argonaute proteins play an important role in... RNA. Argonaute proteins are also present in prokaryotes, and some of these proteins protect against invading...structure can affect editing efficiency. Gao et al. tested if NgAgo preferred certain guide sequences - using...

...protocols that recommend eluting in water, Tris-EDTA (TE), just Tris buffer, or some other variations. Does...experiments you can use your plasmid.  DNA elution choices: TE, Tris buffer, or water Figure 2: Tris-EDTA,...choose could affect your downstream experiment. TE (10 mM Tris-HCl,1 mM EDTA, pH 8.0) buffer is the ...In the situation where you need to use plasmid in TE for any enzymatic reaction, an effective possibility...adenine or guanine) from the DNA. These apurinic sites if in double stranded DNA are repaired by base excision...time. Tris buffer controls the pH, while the EDTA chelates any divalent cations like Mg2+, preventing the...

...DNA is precipitated with alcohol and resuspended in TE buffer. After this, the DNA is ready for use! Plasmid...centrifugation and washed before DNA is eluted with water or TE. The Bishop Lab’s glass milk protocol is adapted ...than 30 minutes and only requires incubating the columns with 1M phosphoric acid for 3 minutes followed...syringe-based method can be completed in 20 to 30 minutes. Additionally, while commercial plasmid prep kits...same as those provided with the kit. Although not tested by the authors, it’s possible that used plasmid... the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 76 2, 615-9 . https://doi.org/10.1073...

...DNA? by Paolo Colombi Should I store my plasmid in TE, Tris, or water? And what about temperature? Find... Jennifer Tsang The nanodrop vs. spec debate dominates DNA quantification discussions, but what about...

...Reddy TE, Gersbach CA (2015) Epigenome editing by a CRISPR-Cas9-based acetyltransferase activates genes... M, Safi A, Song L, Hilton IB, Crawford GE, Reddy TE, Gersbach CA (2017) CRISPR–Cas9 epigenome editing...across the genome) has been implicated in disease states, and targeting the epigenome may make certain processes...plasmid form or as ready-to-use lentivirus. Tet1 initiates cytosine demethylation of DNA. However, several...small DNA methyltransferase from the prokaryote Mollicutes spiroplasma (M. Sss1) (termed MQ1.) The Q147L...TALE-LSD1 system described above, dCas9-LSD1 inactivates targeted enhancers. Although the lab used this... a transcriptional activator like VP64 or VPR activates transcription, whereas dCas9-KRAB fusions repress...

...Thakore PI, Perez-Pinera P, Brown MT, Majoros WH, Reddy TE, Gersbach CA. Correction of dystrophin expression...Ousterout DG, Kabadi AM, Thakore PI, Majoros WH, Reddy TE, Gersbach CA. Multiplex CRISPR/Cas9-based genome ...grip strength, specific force, and other muscle tests, muscle function is clearly improved, although not...at the ten highest-ranking predicted off-target sites. Each paper characterizes additional, unique facets...

...from 40 mM to 100 mM NaCl but stained evenly in 1x TE buffer. The lab also used tTALE-FP in a single molecule-fluorescence...infection, because this setup allows for experimental replicates for each of the gRNAs. The idea was to assign...The SPARC system uses competitive recombination sites to selectively remove a stop cassette upstream of...expressed. By truncating one of the recombination sites in the construct to different lengths, the density... of Ca2+ are high in the cell, calcineurin dephosphorylates the protein CZI, which in turn binds to calcineurin-dependent...

...-Beltran WF, Lam EC, Astudillo MG, Yang D, Miller TE, Feldman J, Hauser BM, Caradonna TM, Clayton KL, ...neutralized. The B.1.617.2 (Delta variant) was not tested at the time of this study. Figure 1: Neutralization...cross-neutralization occurs in the P.1 and B.1.351 variants tested. Image from Garcia-Beltran et al., 2021 with permission...happening.”  In their assay, the neutralization rates of B.1.351 pseudovirus was similar to that of pseudoviruses...

...your final RNA sample(s) are resuspended in water or TE buffer, store them in a -80°C freezer to prevent ...

...Ousterout DG, Leong KW, Guilak F, Crawford GE, Reddy TE, Gersbach CA (2013) RNA-guided gene activation by...

...have been used to visualize “thorny excrescence” (TE) spines in the Hippocampal CA3 pyramidal neurons ... The central nervous system (CNS) orchestrates complex processes enabling organisms to control their ... affects the labeling of small structures like neurites. Like epitope tags, low FP expression may be insufficient...structures through their multiple, high-affinity binding sites for primary antibodies which can be used to amplify...difficult to label. It has also been shown that dendrites in the stratum oriens and the stratum lacunosum...their multiple, highly specific antibody binding sites and primary antibody-based detection, smFPs create...

.... https://doi.org/10.1038/s41592-019-0614-5 Sztal TE, Stainier DYR (2020) Transcriptional adaptation: ...inverted repeats separated by a loop region that facilitates the formation of a hairpin RNA structure, resulting... gene of interest. Tools for RNAi Arguably the greatest advantage of RNAi is the straightforward nature...active development, the first step necessarily dictates the direction and scope of the subsequent two....Artificial micro RNA and short hairpin RNA The greatest limitations of the long hpRNA approach are thought...experiments typically involved antibiotic selection to test for the presence of the RNAi transgene, followed...Savitski M, Grandi P, Jakob P, Michon A-M, Sun H, Tessmer K, Bürckstümmer T, Bantscheff M, Steinmetz LM, ...