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We narrowed to 799 results for: Clu

Showing: 201 - 220 of 799 results
  1. Antibodies 101: Reading a Flow Plot

    Type
    Blog Post
    ...an X,Y axis to generate a dot plot (Figure 1). Clustered events are called a population.                           ..., like a box, ellipse, or circle, drawn around clusters to define populations. This shape is called a ...diameter and volume of the cell, thus allowing the exclusion of doublets and debris. The side scatter roughly...show frequency of events, instead of relying on clustered dots. In a contour plot, each line contains the...
  2. Overcoming the AAV Size Limitation for CRISPR Delivery

    Type
    Blog Post
    ...made smaller. Previous attempts to “shrink” Cas9 include the use of St1Cas9 (~3.3 kb) from Streptococcus... approximately 1350 amino acids in size, which includes SpCas9, and shortern orthologs approximately 1000...in mouse liver.  Two other smaller Cas proteins include Cas12b and CasX. While there are no papers yet ...capabilities of full-length SpCas9. This set of plasmids includes AAV-Cas9C-VPR for targeted gene activation. Split...
  3. Fluorescent Proteins 101: Aptamer Fluorophores

    Type
    Blog Post
    ... flexibility is their broad range of targets, including proteins, peptides, amino acids, drugs, metal ...biosensors are used in a variety of applications, including detection of environmental pollutants, drug discovery...aptamers for use in many entirely new applications including aptamer based fluorescent biosensors. Aptabeacons...-based instead of protein-based fluorophores, including: Environments with higher temperatures, since...
  4. How to Write a Scientific Review Article

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    Blog Post
    ...you start reading, there will be a temptation to include every piece of information that was ever published...figures/schematics or tables. And don’t forget to include citations so that people can go back and read the...studies that reported mutations in that protein (including how frequently a mutation was found and the size...doesn’t have to be revolutionary, but you could include a few comments on where you think the field is ...
  5. Analyzing CRISPR Editing Results with ICE from Synthego

    Type
    Blog Post
    ...the CRISPR workflow. For a multiplex sample, ICE includes visual representations of all detected edit types...indel.   For a complete guide to ICE analysis, including detailed explanation and examples, read the paper...of the DNA-targeting region of the guide RNA, excluding the PAM sequence. PAM Sequence - The Protospacer...stack Genome Engineering Solutions, which also includes our CRISPR knockout guide design tool, guide validation...
  6. Designing Your Chalk Talk for the Academic Job Interview

    Type
    Blog Post
    ...an interview next week and it includes a chalk talk. What should I include in my chalk talk?" So what exactly...proposed approach to resolve the knowledge gap? This includes the overview and the individual aims. Describe...Howard Hughes Medical Institute. His interests include the quality control of secretory proteins in the...
  7. Plasmids 101: Codon usage bias

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    Blog Post
    ...completely understood, but some possible reasons include: Metabolic pressures - it takes cellular resources...when designing a full gene. A non-exhaustive list includes: Codon abundance relative to cognate tRNA abundance...insoluble, nonfunctional globs of protein known as inclusion bodies that will generally segregate with the ...assay to make sure your protein isn’t forming inclusion bodies and is folding properly. References 1...
  8. New Acoustic Reporter Genes: Ultrasound Imaging of Gene Expression

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    Blog Post
    ...inside the body. So we screened gas vesicles gene clusters from a diverse set of gas vesicle-expressing species...right: colony whiteness on inducer plates, white inclusions in cells with GVs via phase contrast microscopy...this was the Anabaena flos-aquae gas vesicle gene cluster because of its small size and its ability to produce...a time-intensive endeavor. That is why we also included an analogous set of transient constitutively-expressed...
  9. Important Considerations in Optogenetics Behavioral Experiments

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    Blog Post
    ...but some examples I’m personally interested in include: intracranial self-stimulation (ICSS) and place...resolve these issues is with electrophysiology. Concluding thoughts and moving beyond the mouse While it...applicable to the rat [6]. Technical differences include the ferrule implants and patch cables. One huge... at the Rockefeller University.  His interests include the role of learning and memory in opioid addiction...
  10. Fluorescent Proteins 101: GFP Fusion Proteins - Making the Right Connection

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    Blog Post
    ...known as steric hindrance. For instance, GFP may occlude catalytic sites or obstruct binding sites or motifs...proteins that behave as monomers in mammalian cells include: mTurquoise2, mEGFP, mNeonGreen, mScarlet(-I), ...motif, which is needed for Golgi localization, is occluded and therefore this protein is mislocalized. The...that the fusion behaves well. But this is not conclusive evidence that the fusion operates in the same...
  11. Fluorescent Proteins 101: When GFP lets you down

    Type
    Blog Post
    ...Several factors contribute to the popularity of GFP including (i) fast and complete maturation to functional...endogenous fluorescent co-factors can be used. Examples include the LOV domains that bind flavin (Buckley et al... conditions, with pKa values below 4. Examples include mTurquoise2 (pKa = 3.1), tagRFP (pKa = 3.1) and... or media. These sources of ‘autofluorescence’ include riboflavin in the medium or flavin containing proteins...
  12. Evolution of Brainbow: Using Cre-lox for Multicolor Labeling of Neurons

    Type
    Blog Post
    ...works. Advances in Cre-lox recombination have included inducible Cre, such as the tamoxifen-responsive...mediate recombination.) The deletions are mutually exclusive, as either deletion removes one of the other loxP...immediately following the promoter. The STOP cassette includes a mutant YFP that does not fluoresce, but can ...More variants have been created by other labs, including R26R-Confetti described in Hugo J. Snippert, et...
  13. Hot Plasmids: Fall 2025

    Type
    Blog Post
    ...in a variety of neuronal imaging applications, including confocal and widefield imaging, two-photon microscopy...several endogenous or pathological condensates, including oncogenic transcription, proliferation of leukemia...to the adipose cells utilizing glucose to the exclusion and detriment of the cancer cells.  Figure...al. (2025) under CC BY license. The paper includes other great feats of materials engineering as ...
  14. Antibodies 101: Validation

    Type
    Blog Post
    ... molecule at all, leading to inconclusive results, erroneous conclusions, and wasted time. In fact, many...antibody-dependent approach. Antibody-independent methods may include analysis of transcriptomic or proteomic data from...specifically to the expected protein. Common approaches include using RNAi to knock-down expression of your target...
  15. Finding Your Science Policy Path

    Type
    Blog Post
    ...organizations in a variety of science policy roles including fellowships, volunteer positions, and part-time... with a large set of other societal pressures including economic, cultural, and political. Science policy...science blogs. Other avenues for skill development include leadership of extracurricular organizations, working...opportunities. NSPN maintains a great resource guide including conferences, societies, and outreach groups. Grab...
  16. Sequencing Options for CRISPR Genotyping

    Type
    Blog Post
    ...for CRISPR genotyping. The most common options include mismatch cleavage assays, such as Surveyor™, T7E1...information profile regarding putative off-target sites including both the edit rate and the repair product sequence...algorithms do not take into account other elements, including those relating to DNA structure (e.g. epigenetic...options exist for unbiased off-target detection, including Digenome-seq (Kim et al. 2015) for in vitro analysis...
  17. Typing CRISPR Systems

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    Blog Post
    ... effectors and are the only CRISPR type that exclusively targets RNA. Cas13 has become a natural successor...CRISPR will likely depend on a variety of factors, including your goal, experience, hypothesis, and even the...keep increasing, as efforts using large-scale clustering and discovery algorithms find new candidates ...of rare CRISPR-Cas systems with deep terascale clustering. Science, 382(6673). https://doi.org/10.1126/...
  18. Fluorescent Proteins 101: Monitoring Cell Mobility Using Fluorescent Proteins

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    Blog Post
    ...organism to make the complicated transition from a clump of cells to a fully differentiated body. In contrast...monitor cell interactions in diverse tissues, including lymph nodes, brain, liver, gut and skin. Two-...able to help answer using two-photon microscopy include: How do T cells and/or Neutrophils travel to the...probes when using a standard Ti:Sapphire Laser include: Blue-green fluorescent proteins like EGFP Yellow-orange...
  19. Antibodies 101: Introduction to Antibodies

    Type
    Blog Post
    ... Figure 1: Labeled diagram of an antibody including Fc, Fab, heavy chain, light chain, constant region...antibodies for experiments in a variety of fields including neuroscience and immunology. They can be used ...analyzed using techniques such as flow cytometry. Conclusion Whew! Now you know that antibodies can be used...used for. Addgene’s Antibody Plasmid Collection includes plasmids that express antibodies, nanobodies, ...
  20. A Primer on Optogenetics: Introduction and Opsin Delivery

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    Blog Post
    ...main experimental avenues (that are not mutually exclusive) commonly used in optogenetics: 1) electrophysiology....  Of course, proper controls are required and include, for example, confirmation of opsin expression ... brief, some standard opsins (see table above) include Channelrhodopsin2 (Chr2), a blue-light sensitive... at the Rockefeller University.  His interests include the role of learning and memory in opioid addiction...
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