...these molecules are clearly associated with cellular damage and dysfunction, it is unclear what the precise...Transposable elements such as long/short interspersed nuclear elements can generate dsRNA by bidirectional transcription...silenced, but dysregulation of these systems can lead to local dsRNA production. In the same vein, genotoxic...barring a loss of mitochondrial integrity that would release them into the cytosol. Fig. 2: Endogenous... of DNA damage, and these structures can in turn lead to genome instability. Thus, it’s important to strike...

...she made through this program lead to her current job. “One of my colleagues in the class was like, “Hey...people are,” says Susan. Her passion for insects lead her to start a PhD in entomology at the University...which Susan replied, “What’s a science writer?” Learning about SciComm by doing SciComm Writing had always...Evaluating evidence. Critical thinking. Being able to learn things quickly. Story telling. The ability to know...tips for using social media as a scientist here Learn more about storytelling in science ...

... this cause and helped by expanding this team, leading monthly calls, and planning next steps. April Clyburne-Sherin...future of reproducibility workshops and lessons learned: Since early 2018 the team has grown to include...all levels of the scientific community. Lessons learned Instead of continuously talking about a problem...like to join or contribute to this collaboration, please check out the official website, follow the group...conversations on the history of the group, lessons learned, and to Sonali Roy, Magdalena Julkowska, and Jennifer...on Transferable Skills: External Collaborations Learn about the 2018 Minisymposium on Scientific Reproducibility...

...metabolism. Cancer cells promote oxidative stress leading to the degradation of one key enzyme (among others...built to protect us now seems to attack us by releasing mitogenic growth mediators and improving cancer... When it comes to breast cancer, Hoshinho and colleagues found that after injecting breast cancer cells...process is not fully understood, a team of researchers lead by Takayuki Kogure (Kogure et al., 2011) believes...Addgene blog Read our cancer related blog posts Learn about our cancer collection pages Read more about...resources page  Find plasmids for your research Learn about Addgene's viral service ...

... into close proximity with the target protein, leading to polyubiquitination of the target protein and...proteasome machinery through binding with cereblon, leading to rapid target degradation (Figure 1). Plasmids...ortho-AP1867) via various chemical linkers. Our current lead dTAG molecule is dTAG-13 due its immediate action...happy to share aliquots of dTAG-13 in the meantime, please address your requests for dTAG molecules and any...terminus is favorable for tagging. However, if it is unclear which terminus should be tagged, the dTAG lentiviral... interested in targeted protein degradation, and lead author on the recent paper describing the dTAG technology...

...s lab and Viviana Gradinaru’s lab used machine learning to design new channelrhodopsins that are more ...channelrhodopsin that’s successful in vivo. Using machine-learning to overcome channelrhodopsin design challenges... Arnold and Gradinaru Labs developed a machine-learning model to help them construct “designer” channelrhodopsins...and secure a fiber optic cannula to the skull, leaving the brain intact. When the fiber optic light was...Mackey ED, Gradinaru V, Arnold FH (2019) Machine learning-guided channelrhodopsin engineering enables minimally... PHP.eB AAV capsid Read more about optogenetics Learn about the differences between chemogenetics and ...

...many of these studies report correlations without clearly testing whether a certain methylation state causes... recognized by distinct proteins and result in unclear transcriptional consequences (Sprujit 2013). Enzymatic... or throughout the genome – could be affected, leading to unpredicted gene expression changes (Sapozhnikov...simpler approach - dCas9 blocks DNMT1 methylation, leaving the target CpG unmethylated. Adapted from Sapozhnikov...Sapozhnikov and Szyf 2021.   Let me leave you with a few practical considerations: Design your gRNA...an unmethylated CpG to behave naturally in the nuclear environment. One good system to balance these needs...

...We started with learning the head is connected to the neck. Shortly after, we learned about organs and...connectivity? One of the early lessons many of us learned in biology is that the body’s architecture and ...terminals (Lafon 2005). Therefore, once RABV is released from an infected cell, it is only taken up by ...genome). Nascent G protein-coated RABV is then released from the starter cell and transmits retrogradely...mediated by other viral proteins), but the newly released RABV cannot infect any subsequent cells due to...

...and lentiviral envelope plasmids are listed here. Please note that both lentiviruses and gamma-retroviruses...express siRNAs of their choice in mammalian cells.  Learn more about Mammalian shRNA Tools for RNAi! Cre-Lox... gene knockdown. Vector provided by the Qi lab. Learn more about CRISPR plasmids for transcriptional inhibition...mammalian genome that can reveal how genetic alterations lead to changes in phenotype. The plasmid comes with ...We are constantly improving our CRISPR reagents. Please check www.genome-engineering.org for the most up-to-date...information. Check our CRISPR guide and blog to learn more about CRISPR and the most recent developments...

...Addgene to accelerate their research. Read on to learn how these researchers plan to use plasmids from ...Sciences of NOVA University in Lisbon, Portugal. She leads the Glycoimmunology group based at the Research ...mild or exacerbated inflammatory response which leads to nearly 25% child mortality. Since glycans play...human disease change Arg to another amino acid. Clearly, the development of a pharmacological intervention...binds to and inhibits a potassium channel, causing release of acetylcholine. Given its unique molecular biology...BeHeard Award winners! Paula Videira is the team leader of the Glycoimmunology group at UCIBIO, FCT-UNL...

...CRISPR plasmids containing a nuclease into three functional groups: nucleases, modulators, and chimeric ...chimeric effectors. Nucleases generate a classic double-stranded break, while modulators regulate transcription...function, from 2014 to 2023. As you can see, nucleases, the original CRISPR tool, remain the most popular...educational resources help scientists navigate that learning curve. As of 2023, our CRISPR guide has been viewed...around the impact of science, but our data makes it clear that it’s also a story of community, cooperation...

...the future of the bioeconomy it's less clear, but the way I'd leave it is mostly to the imagination. The...collaboration this way: "Addgene is one of the leaders in distributing plasmids amongst the academic community...Addgene: And the BIL gates collection? Endy: The Boolean Integrase Logic (BIL) gates collection of parts...basic logical functions, which we know and love. Boolean is in reference to George Boole who in 1854 was...incredible hidden story here. The parts we are releasing simply plug into this existing economic activity...

...our CRISPR Featured Topic Page Learn about Non-Homologous End Joining Learn about Base Editing Read 3 Tips...sequences Cas9 likely goes through multiple rounds of cleavage at the target site until either the PAM site or...arrested too long. Prolonged cell cycle arrest can lead to apoptosis in as little as 10 hours, so read up...Cas break for HR is to fuse an HR protein to the nuclease. Early HR factors fused to Cas9 have been shown... screening strategies for your experiment. Also learn about Addgene’s knock-in plasmids for reagents to...

...in his laboratory. Learn more here. Additional resources on the Addgene blog Learn more about plasmid...across regions, with Europe most impacted and China least impacted. The inferred weekend effect is, in retrospect...date range is, they could be the most impacted or least impacted. These results highlight the instability...candidate at MIT. His research uses applied machine learning and statistical methods for fundamental scientific...interested in using selection, evolution, and machine learning to solve difficult problems in chemistry and chemical...

...personal time. Someone else can clean your house, pick up your dry cleaning, cook your dinner and deliver...fixer-upper house you have always admired or volunteer to lead a charitable cause.  While I can’t make it “all ...and tactics that have worked for my friends, my colleagues and me. To that end, here are my personal 10 ...happen. Be realistic and: Your co-workers will learn to work within these bounds You can work later (...much more confident about their safety when they leave home which happens very, very fast! I will never...

...While this approach has been proven feasible, it leaves little room for additional regulatory elements....aureus Cas9 (SaCas9, 1053 amino acids) displayed cleavage activity in mammalian cells. SaCas9 produced indels... indels at a similar efficiency to SpCas9, leading the group to focus their efforts on SaCas9 characterization...Kemp ML, Bao G (2015) Trans-spliced Cas9 allows cleavage of HBB and CCR5 genes in human cells using compact... (2010) The CRISPR/Cas bacterial immune system cleaves bacteriophage and plasmid DNA. Nature 468:67–71....2020.03.023 Additional Resources on the Addgene Blog Learn more about Cas9 Variants and the Expanded CRISPR...

...Jo, Brook, and Angela are co-leading "Making a Greater Impact Using Clear and Accessible Scientific Writing...12 pm - 2 pm. If you want to learn about, and practice, principles of clear, accessible writing through...about, attending sessions, visiting posters, and leading a professional development workshop. Specifically...

...Additional Addgene Podcasts Learn How You Can Contribute to the Addgene Blog Learn about Addgene Plasmid Donations...that will help accelerate his research. Listen to learn more about Dr. Kwapata’s current work and thoughts...us and Seeding Labs for connecting us with him. Learn more about our recent collaboration with Seeding... the Addgene Podcast.     Additional Resources Learn about Seeding Lab's Work with Lilongwe Univeristy...

...on protein therapeutics at Novartis - listen to learn more about Crystal’s exciting career path, to gain...Crystal developed her management skills - training, learning from peers, and being receptive to those who report...science that Crystal works on at Novartis, how she's learned to prioritize projects, and how she sets metrics...thanks to our guest, Crystal Shih. Crystal Shih leads project and scientific teams at the Novartis Institutes...resources in our Mentoring for Scientists Series Learn about Turning Your PhD into a Career with Joanne...

...., 2012, Bates and Power., 2019): rapid blood clearance, which is useful for imaging applications; better...small size (Bates and Power., 2019). Their rapid clearance from blood can be a drawback for therapeutic applications...of the CAR facilitates signal transduction and release of cytotoxic granules from the T cell. When a CAR...5883 . https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.85.16.5879  Leavy O (2016) The birth of monoclonal antibodies. Nat...anti-HA scFv-based probe for fluorescent imaging. Learn more about antibodies  Read about another reagent...antibodies, the Developmental Studies Hybridoma Bank Learn more about the SunTag system which uses an scFv ...

...with and without targeted nucleases). AAV genome editing without a nuclease Although the mechanism of...While the biology behind this AAV effect remains unclear, it is likely not a coincidence that the AAV genome...cells. AAV genome editing combined with targeted nucleases In an effort to combine the respective advantages...introduction of a double strand break by using a targeted nuclease. Asuri et al, for example, used zinc fingers to... and David V. Schaffer. "Combining engineered nucleases with adeno-associated viral vectors for therapeutic...

...controls, or mixing clear solutions—public speaking is skill that any scientist can learn.  Any time you give...audience something to think about, argue with, or learn from. Some of the best talks I have seen by early...and how the slides complement the spoken message. Learn from their level of explanation in presenting data... science picture. Scientists especially like to learn new things, so rehash common knowledge as little...asked. Reflect on the questions and come up with clear and concise answers. This preparation will help ...

...Daniel Nathans. "Specific cleavage of simian virus 40 DNA by restriction endonuclease of Hemophilus influenzae... and cars become more technologically advanced leaving earlier versions obsolete, the techniques we use...as their modern equivalents and see what we can learn from their evolution. Southern blotting and quantitative...detection. This increased sequencing speed ultimately leading to what are generally considered first generation...PMCID: PMC4411503. Resources on the Addgene Blog Learn More about Restriction Cloning Get Tips on Analyzing...

...post was contributed by Damien Wilpitz founder and lead consutant at Experiment Designs Consulting, Inc....usually turn into “win-lose” negotiations. This leads to poor outcomes; not enough funds to get started...reduced. Negotiating is easier when both parties are clear on the goals and the resources. Instead of creating...started a company around his own research. He was clear on his science, and found a solution. However extreme...creating and negotiating budgets and invite you to leave a comment below Happy Sciencing, Damien   Damien...Resources Find other career posts on the Addgene Blog! Learn more about Experimental Designs Consulting at their...

...a given section of brain by at least an order of magnitude. It is clear that further refinements of the...inversion of the construct. Sanes and Lichtman used pronuclear injection to insert these Brainbow constructs...effect of multiple, independent recombination events leads to a rainbow of colors. With three copies of the...observed in a given area. In 2013, Dawen Cai, et al. released a refinement of the Brainbow technology, Brainbow...These constructs are stably maintained through at least six generations. In addition to the neuronal pThy1...

[email protected] to learn more. A great submission includes: Images that clearly show viral spread and...reports presented by the submitting scientists, learn more about the AAV Data Hub, and hear the incredible...cellular tropism* (min. 300 dpi, PNG format) At least two replicates of your experiment* Functional data...serotype An abstract that summarizes your experiment clearly and concisely* *required for a DOI. Reports that...

...Blog Learn How We Raised Money for Rare Disease at the Superhero 5k Find New Cancer Resources Learn About...wrote in her application, “Cervical Cancer is the leading cause of cancer related morbidity and death among...researchers who need them the most. Check back here to learn more about future awardees and their inspiring research...Resources on Addgene.org Check out our Cancer Pages Learn about Global Plasmid Distribution ...

...E. coli and other bacterial species. Read on to learn about the tools available for bacteria and some ... and the wild-type sequence persists, Cas9 will cleave the gene of interest, inducing a lethal DSB.   ...systems adapted for eukaryotes in that Cas9-mediated cleavage induces HDR to directly modify a given gene. CRISPR-tranposons...tightly controlled, Tet responsive promoters to avoid leaky activation of the system. Mobile CRISPRi for Gram-negative...VA, Marraffini LA (2014) Exploiting CRISPR-Cas nucleases to produce sequence-specific antimicrobials. Nat...antimicrobials using efficiently delivered RNA-guided nucleases. Nat Biotechnol 32:1141–1145 . https://doi.org... Blog Check out our CRISPR Featured Topic Page Learn more about Cpf1 Find out about CRISPR Multiplexing...

... trainer” programs.  Please join us for the pd|hub Workshop Report Public Release Event scheduled for ...student or postdoc ends up in a lab where they can learn the plus skills needed to succeed on the career ...project and the findings were captured in this just released report “Enhancing Dissemination of Evidence-Based...for March 4th from 2:30-4:00 pm ET.  You can learn more about the report's recommendations and join with...

...world After learning about using sound to visualize bacteria in the lab, I was excited to learn about creative...Fluorescent Protein Resources and get started!  I learned a lot about creative ways to do science communication...communication and outreach - if you'd like to learn more about Science communication check out these SciComm...CRISPR Methods for Bacterial Genome Engineering Learn about Science Communication using Twitter  Resources...