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TypeBlog Post...manager,” you’re not alone. A few years ago when I started my career transition from bench science to software...product manager works with internal or external stakeholders to learn more about their needs and any problems...trying to solve. After learning more about the stakeholders, the product managers collate and organize that...developers to help implement solutions for the stakeholders. Finally, software product managers test the...solutions with the users, gather more feedback, and start the cycle over again to refine the solution, or ... workflows into a format the developers could understand, so they could code the best operations software...have three or more concurrent projects in varying stages, which can get messy if you’re not on top of it...
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Early Career Researcher Toolbox: Social Media for Scientists
TypeBlog Post...scientist started with the Addgene blog. I wrote my first blog post out of boredom. I had just started working...wondering how to get started. This blog post outlines 10 steps to take when starting to use Twitter as a...Before I started writing for the Addgene blog, sharing Chemistry Cat memes was how I used social media...social media professionally, and 2) I needed to start using Twitter. Sharing Chemistry Cat memes use...science It may have taken a bit of FOMO to get me started, but now I’m using social media to help my research...to do with it. Five resources to help you get started with social media as a scientist Using social media...it’s hard to know where to begin. To help others start using social media to their professional advantage... -
Fluorescent Proteins 101: When GFP lets you down
TypeBlog Post...protonated and a deprotonated state (Tsien, 1998). The deprotonated state has an absorbance maximum around...protonated state, however, does not absorb light at 488 nm. The ratio between the two states is reflected...contributed by guest blogger Joachim Goedart, an assistant professor at the Section of Molecular Cytology...add a co-factor, (iii) easy visualization with standard filter sets on a fluorescence microscope, and ...N-terminus, but this hardly reduces its size. The substantial size of GFP may interfere with the activity or...specifically bind the molecule of interest. For instance, pleckstrin homology domains can be used to detect...2018). GFP is not tolerated in my fusion It is standard practice to attach the GFP to the N- or C-terminus... -
3 Tips to Improve HDR Efficiency for CRISPR Editing in Human Cells
TypeBlog Post...incorporation falls with increasing distance from the cut site. If the distance is only 10 bp, the efficiency...to mutation distance and editing efficiency. 3. Optimizing "cut-to-mutation distance" for homo or...re-editing and (2) optimizing “cut-to-mutation distance”. Furthermore (3), we have developed a framework...CRISPR Guide Page 2. Optimizing "cut-to-mutation distance" Even though we had controlled over-active Cas9...phenomenon and found a general relationship between the distance of a mutation from the CRISPR/Cas9 cut site and...heterozygous mutations When thinking further about the distance relationship described above, we realized that...incorporation drops with increasing cut-to-mutation distance, the mutation may only be inserted at one of the... -
Quick Guide to Near-Infrared Fluorescent Proteins
TypeBlog Post..., the monomeric state of a probe leads to less interference with the oligomeric state of a fusion partner...Molecular brightness vs. iRFP713, % Oligomeric state Photo-stabilityc, t1/2, s pKa Brightness in HeLa cells ....8 33 State-of-the-art NIR FPs, which combine high cellular brightness and monomeric state, are highlighted...there is a Table that summarizes the properties of state-of-the-art probes, many of which you can find at... heme metabolism (Shemetov et al, 2017). Modern state-of-the-art NIR FPs can be used similar to GFP-like... by an apoprotein and protein expression level. State-of-the-art FPs (listed in Table 1) were optimized...light-oxygen-voltage (LOV) domain. They can also be used in crosstalk-free three-color imaging with green and red GFP-like... -
Hot Plasmids: Spring 2025
TypeBlog Post...C-terminal HA tag. Selectable and stable: A puromycin resistance gene makes stable cell line creation a breeze...step-by-step protocols for viral generation and stable cell line creation (Figure 2). Looking for more... plasmid set for expressing tagged proteins, and stay tuned for mammalian expression and AAV plasmid sets...supernatant and selected with puromycin. Puromycin-resistant cells were fixed and labeled with primary antibody...Alexa Fluor 594 (Thermo Fisher A-11012), and counterstained with DAPI. New recombinant antibodies...the payload sequence into the genome. The team established that they could reprogram the genomic target ...dynamic protein labeling By Alyssa Shepard To fully understand how genes are regulated, it's important to know... -
Building Global Connections with the International Mentorship Program USA-EUROPE
TypeBlog Post...faces several obstacles; for instance there are few resources to help get individuals started on the path...cancer and metastasis as well as teaching and mentoring activities. Follow her on twitter @zcastan or on linkedln...Rosario F. Godino, Rocío López-Diego, & Zafira Castano Corsino. When someone says “internationalization...conceived and developed by its Director, Dr. Zafira Castano Corsino, a junior faculty member at Harvard Medical...does research at UK in the same field that I do: prostate cancer. She has guided me in my next steps. For...were Spanish scientists (MD, PhD and MD/PhD) established in some of the top Universities in USA and Europe...bases and contacts with Spanish laboratories to start working on projects together. List of discussion... -
Fluorescent Proteins 101: Introduction to FRET
TypeBlog Post... of the acceptor fluorophore back to its ground state by emission of a photon with wavelength specific...FRET efficiency correlates with a change in the distance and/or orientation of the FRET pair. Since many... and serves as a small-scale ruler to measure distances that are too miniscule for conventional light ...contribute additional noise to the measurement. If the distance or orientation of the donor and acceptor proteins...undetectable FRET, well-characterized FRET reference standards can be used to validate FRET measurements and ...of the fluorescent protein (i.e. rearranging the start and end positions without changing the order of ...are not proteins) or would perturb the endogenous state that you want to measure (overexpressing a gene ... -
Quickest Way to Deposit Plasmids: The Deposit Spreadsheet
TypeBlog Post..., or other. Bacterial Resistance Enter bacterial antibiotic resistance encoded in the plasmid that...considered large deposits and are exceptions to our standard workflow. Table 1: Guidelines for the data fields... and will help a scientist outside your field understand if this plasmid will work for them. Species...yeast), S. pombe (fission yeast), A. thaliana (mustard weed), O. cuniculus (rabbit), synthetic, or other...Addgene should propagate your plasmids in: DH5α, NEB Stable, ccdB Survival, Pir1, or other. Whenever possible...possible, we propagate plasmids in the standard cloning strain DH5α. For plasmids with highly repetitive sequences...lentiviral, retroviral, and AAV plasmids, choose the NEB Stable strain. For plasmids containing the ccdB gene, ... -
Design Tips for Prime Editing
TypeBlog Post... are a great starting point: Test different lengths of the primer binding site, starting with a length...General principles pegRNA design If you’re just starting out with prime editing, you’ll need to design ...different lengths of reverse transcriptase template, starting with about 10–16 nucleotides. For longer templates...editing (Anzalone et al., 2019). Figure 2: Starting lengths for optimizing your pegRNA primer binding...BioRender.com. What to edit The sequence you choose to install can influence the success of your prime edit. If...template during DNA repair. Test multiple nick sites, starting with sites about 50 bp upstream and downstream...editors bound to sgRNAs only drive nicking (right). Start with nicking sgRNAs ~50 bp from the prime editing... -
Reaching out to China: Canton Nucleic Acids Forum (CNAF) 2015
TypeBlog Post...them to begin understanding complex regulation of and by tRNAs and tRNA-derived RNAs. Stay tuned for big...lecture was presented by Nobel Laureate Jack Szostak. Dr. Szostak’s lab continues its work on the origin of...zone so many science and technology companies and start-ups choose to locate there. I made time to go into...traditional Chinese medicine. There were hundreds of stalls selling a myriad of items, only a small number ... Genome Research Institute (NHGRI) of the NIH, started off with the first keynote presentation. He talked... life. His lab has long hypothesized that life started with RNA and a simple cell membrane. His recent...they are making fairly remarkable progress on establishing a system for the chemical replication of RNA... -
Gaining Leadership Skills Volunteering at a Professional Organization
TypeBlog Post...without long distance communication and learning to work with people despite the distance improved my ...them “Leadership and Management skills”. The NPA states that Postdoctoral scholars should have the skills...management skills but a longer term and more substantial experience can be achieved by volunteering for...sharing my experience will show you how you can get started on your own development as a leader. Chairing a...styles Being an effective leader requires you to understand how to work with many different types of people...requirements of the new Board Members. In some instances I felt like I was going back to previous formats...beneficial for the organization as a whole. I came to understand that not only was I growing as a leader but the... -
Prime Editing: Adding Precision and Flexibility to CRISPR Editing
TypeBlog Post...However, there are instances where traditional base editors are preferred. For instance, if target nucleotides...availability than other methods. The PAM-to-edit distance can be over 30 base pairs for prime editing. Since...versatile and precise than base editing (in certain circumstances) Current base editors can perform any base-to-base...specific edit defined by the pegRNA. In cases when bystander editing is unacceptable, prime editors can be ...binding site, increase processivity, or improve thermostability. What came out on top? The Cas9 nickase fused... epegRNAs: Structured RNAs with improved stability Traditional sgRNAs are protected from cellular...al., 2022). PE7: An alternate approach to RNA stability This recent contribution by the Adamson lab also... -
Important Considerations When Using AAVs
TypeBlog Post...about adeno-associated Viral Vectors (AAVs) before starting my graduate program at the University of Manitoba...and AAVs are non-enveloped viruses, so they are resistant to alcohol-based disinfectants. A 10% bleach solution...expression occurs quickly and results in long and stable expression (up to 9 months in mice [2]). Low Immune...tips that will help you think about how to get started with AAVs. Since my research is rooted in the CNS...Location, location, location! What do buying real estate and using AAVs have in common? The three most important... location, location! Just like this common real estate mantra, the choice of serotype (which determines... in the tissue/what cell type? In the CNS, for instance, there are marked differences among serotypes ... -
Tips for arabidopsis transformation
TypeBlog Post...contributed by Laura Lee, a graduate student at Stanford University. Arabidopsis is a fantastic model organism...Agrobacterium tumeficans - a plant pathogenic species that stably integrates transfer DNA (tDNA) into the genomes... are also a variety of plant selection markers (basta, hygromycin, kananamycin, tunicamycin) (Nakagawa...plants. If your cultures have been incubated at stationary phase for too long, the cells in your culture...a colony from an LB plate. In my hands, a 5 mL starter culture inoculated from a colony on a plate will...density in 18-24 hours. I then add 0.5 mL of this starter culture to 100 mL fresh media, which is then ready...transformation in another 24 hours. The remaining starter culture can be used for colony PCR and glycerol... -
A Career in Grants: How To Become a Grant Professional
TypeBlog Post...path. A part of the career path story for most established grant professionals is learning to succeed in...often hear the term ‘grant writer’, but make no mistake, researching, winning, and effectively managing... with clear budget narratives, logic models, established partnerships and collaborations, and commitments...compliance with the grantor’s requirements as well as state and federal regulations. A grant professional’s ...no surprise that the U.S. Bureau of Labor and Statistics shows that employment of grant writers is expected... by 16% between 2010 and 2020. How did you get started in the grant profession? I asked Deborah Cook, ...on many different issues, and our program didn’t stay in one place within the city infrastructure. My ... -
Tips for Improving Your Next Manuscript
TypeBlog Post...guest blogger Sean Stacey! Sean D. Stacey is a Ph.D. student at East Tennessee State University. He works...This post was contributed by guest blogger Sean Stacey who recently attended both online and on site courses... online course had three aspects to it: videos starring Roberto Kolter, webinars taught by Peggy Cotter...were not too laborious, but helped build my understanding of how to generate a manuscript. At the end ...another email notifying me of my acceptance. I was ecstatic! I was going to become a serious scientific wordsmith...reinforced our newfound knowledge with practical understanding of how to apply it. The personal interaction...to get better. Well what does that mean? If you start a new technique, then type up the materials and ... -
CRISPR-mediated Plant Base Editors
TypeBlog Post... Fulbright Visiting Scholar at the Pennsylvania State University. Imagine you are dealing with a defective...Transition mutation (C>T, G>A, A>G, and T>C) installation by base editors. Pathways that compete with ...They first created a defective chloramphenicol resistance gene (CamR) by introducing a point mutation (... adenine base editor would restore antibiotic resistance. To find such a protein, they created a mutant...systems. Thus, the Yang Lab at The Pennsylvania State University (PSU) is adapting and improving base ...developed plant adenine base editor (ABE) vectors to install A>G or T>C mutations in the plant genome. We constructed... These binary vectors could be used to generate stable genome edited plants via Agrobacterium-mediated... -
How to Write a Scientific Review Article
TypeBlog Post...discussing the review topic with your peers. Start reading! I started by reading other reviews because, as I...from a wide range of authors. Just start writing When I first started I thought I would read a bunch of... scientific review.” The second thing I did was stare in horror at the limited number of hits. So, here...outline the organization of the review Once you start reading, there will be a temptation to include every...normal day.” The way I broke this cycle was to just start writing. A word of advice: when reading, don’t feel... feel like you need to read every paper from start to finish. Find the information that’s relevant to ...results and contextualized them. No really, just start writing! Don’t worry about grammar or formatting... -
An Inside Look into Addgene's Dev Team
TypeBlog Post...science majors, we do our best to understand the science. By understanding the hows and whys of our users...provides transparency to everyone involved about the status of each project. This creates accountability on...is our process for working on a new feature. We start with a story that describes the feature and what...collaborations between Addgene’s Product Team and the stakeholders (other Addgenies). Once we begin work on a story...closely with each other and with other teams. We start with writing demo details, step-by-step instructions...the Product Team who in turn collaborates with stakeholders to resolve the questions. After the code is...from what I would have done. And finally the stakeholder accepts the new feature as done and we’re onto...