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...study its function is one of the most popular applications of fluorescent proteins. These fusion proteins...steric hindrance. For instance, GFP may occlude catalytic sites or obstruct binding sites or motifs that...that are necessary for post-translational modifications. Despite these potential issues, GFP has been used...linker sequence short In the early days of GFP applications, many were concerned with steric hindrance by...N-terminus of the donor fluorescent protein can be truncated to increase the FRET efficiency. Creating fusions...fluorescent protein and protein of interest (POI). To indicate the sequence, people often use terminology like...  Determining other aspects of functionality (catalytic activity or interactions) can be challenging. ...

...well as protease sites to facilitate protein purification. We hope this kit will allow you to quickly ...for a variety of synthetic biology or protein purification studies in E. coli. 800 and 1900 Series If you...polycistronic E. coli expression constructs. Some applications of plasmids from this kit include the production...and Charles E. Melançon III. "Detection and Quantification of Ribosome Inhibition by Aminoglycoside Antibiotics...designed the pCri system to simplify the protein purification process by making it easy for a researcher to... blog post on the system Easing the Protein Purification Process with pCri Cell-free protein expression...Daniel, et al. "A pull-down procedure for the identification of unknown GEFs for small GTPases." Small GTPases...

...most inclusive databases of post-translational modifications, identifies a staggering ~250,000 phosphorylation...steric and charge-based nature of the phosphoryl-modification; they are both much smaller, and carry only ...thus cannot reflect the true state of protein modification within the context of its appropriate regulation...codons (TAG), replacing them with TAA (7). This modification allowed the deletion of release factor 1, the...optimize protein production using standard protein purification strategies; expression should be optimized for...-incorporated to non-phosphorylated protein. Verification of site-specific pSer incorporation can also...programmable protein phosphorylation." Nature communications 6 (2015). PubMed PMID: 26350500. PubMed Central...

...  After identification of ABE activity, XMAS-TREE can also be used to purify these modifications and work...ABE-targeted cells By Ellie Adams Single base modifications through ABE or CBE's have the potential ability...point mutations. They allow single-nucleotide modifications to edit DNA without requiring a double-stranded...difficult to modify in the past.   Figure 1: Identification and enrichment use of XMAS-TREE. a) Cells are...mCherry and GFP expression to check for ABE’s. b) Quantification of base-editing efficiency using XMAS-TREE-...methods at various genomic loci in four different categories.     Brookhouser, N., et al. BMC Biol 18...MYC-dependent cancer cell lines. It can be applied for identification of essential MYC binding sites in a wide range...

... This allows them to replicate viral plasmids with the SV40 origin of replication. To generate a virus...isolating the cell line all the way to modern applications. What the HEK is it?   HEK cells were first...cell biology, there are thankfully many other applications that they are useful for! What the HEK is it...cell line and we will highlight some of those applications here.   Virus production HEKs are the go-to ...proteins at high levels. In a case where clinical applications of recombinant proteins are necessary, HEKs ...significantly reduces the cost of production. Research applications There are two areas of research where HEK cells...vulnerable to viral infection. Yes, your cells can catch a cold—or worse! HEK-293T and its derivatives are...

...Scientific Publication, where diverse approaches to peer review were discussed. Science communication opportunities...developmentally programmed regulation of DNA replication and gene transcription during vertebrate embryogenesis...There is a rich and active community of science communication professionals who are thinking about, for example...access affects financial models in information publication. Take a look at the blog ‘Scholarly Kitchen’ ...opportunities If you are interested in the science communications world, you might consider an internship or ... is enjoys broad engagement through science communication with a variety of audiences. She focuses at ... science communication...

...protein-only transduction method and its potential applications to CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing.   Protein-only...the HIV protein Tat. Although CPP fusions can translocate a cell membrane, the presence of the CPP may ...that components in the buffer used for protein purification must be helping the untagged protein enter cells...Diego D'Astolfo. CRISPR/Cas9: a potential application of iTOP Having tested iTOP using Cre-lox recombination...showed up to 70% resistance to diphtheria toxin, indicating a 70% frequency of biallelic mutations. Importantly...Importantly, hESCs retained their stemness, indicating that iTOP may be valuable for CRISPR/Cas9 stem cell...potential for off-target effects. Third, protein purification (once a protocol has been established) may be...

...Mechanism of DNA replication fork breakage and PARP1 hyperactivation during replication catastrophe. Science ...availability alone, indicating an intrinsic shift in enzyme processivity. Structural data implicate specific residues...ABE8e*A showing dimerized TadA subunits, with the catalytic domain in dark red and the docking domain in pink...(UC Irvine) showed that APOBEC3B activity at replication forks induces APE1-dependent abasic site cleavage...as both a prognostic marker and a potential stratification marker in treatment decisions. Shelby Devenport... only a few years ago. The gap between first publication and widespread adoption has never been shorter...fundamental mechanistic insights to translational applications. If you presented at Deaminet 2026 and have...

...Gibco organizes its app into four categories: tools, analytics, education and data manager. The tools are...are five FREE science lab apps that have been educational and great for lab life. These apps prevent you...lab notebook. Lab Archives is a multipurpose application that allows you to share your data with colleagues...other nice features. This app also has a great educational section. This section holds the Gibco Cell culture...directions including which buffers to use and that indicates if a sequential digest is needed. The enzyme finder... to this app; the user can search by sequence, category of enzyme, or name to discover all the information... Addgene.org Find Protoctols for Your Research Catch Up On Your Molecular Biology Basics ...

...together a grant application? Are you familiar with the publishing or patent application processes? How ... pages in a Curricula Vitae to showcase your publications, academic performances, and research experiences...information. Think "skills," not just "research and publications” What are the skills you developed through your...and writing was how I got my current job as a Communications Coordinator. Wondering how you can develop ...So You Think You have Skills.   Get Science Communication Practice with a Student Group Like Science in...Blogger! Theresa Liao (@theresaliao) is the Communications Coordinator for the Department of Physics &... a research career, she transitioned into a communications role instead after she completed her MSc in...

...ITRs serve as a type of origin of replication to initiate replication of the dsDNA virus. Viral packaging...plasmid while the other plasmids with packaging or replication components are called helper plasmids. Below,... production, they can be helpful for certain applications and aid in ease of use. Our lentiviral guide...AAV are rep and cap. Rep is required for viral replication and also aids in infrequent genome integration...a helper plasmid and mediate efficient viral replication. More information on these viral genes is available...particles. E2A/E2B are responsible for viral replication, with E2B being the primary viral polymerase....is missing the endogenous E1 gene, making it replication deficient. This is typically supplied by the ...

... its function, mimic a biologically relevant modification, or add in fluorescent or chemically reactive...function relationships or, in more practical applications, allow a protein to be more effectively used... you do to any number of experiments with. The catch The rapid expansion of GCE led to the creation of... of many new tools and potential applications. But this focus on development, along with the inherent ...’t give it a try. Optimization Why is GCE so complicated? Well, while the techniques are straightforward...ligation through introducing ncAAs with protein modifications of interest or any of a huge variety of ncAAs...has “10x the impact of PCR. But it’s 100x more complicated.” And Ryan Mehl would know. He’s the director...

...your application a whole week before the deadline. The day of submission, review your application with... their dream.  To help students focus on the application process, and simplify access to academic resources...Scrutinize every opportunity prior to starting an application to assess your eligibility, interest, and career... detailed. Beyond the resume, a cover letter communicates your interest in a specific program, and institution...February represent peak season for internship applications. Thus these noble individuals are inundated ... with a stellar letter of support.        5. Application submission  Set a calendar reminder for every...about outreach among low-income communities to educate parents about resources that can help their children...

...discuss automated protocols. 12:00 PM--Catch up. Finish any communications with my UK team members before they...getting to talk to so many different people! I communicate with customers, software developers, as well ...from interacting with others, and have strong communication skills to tailor your message to any type of... to solve is clear, but the solution is more complicated. You’ll need to be creative to be able to work...team in the UK is five hours ahead, so I’m always catching up in the morning! 9:00 AM--Technical implementation...out. 4:00 PM--Respond to customer help tickets. Catch up on customer help tickets, and respond when I ...technology, software, and science. She loves to advocate for the customer and help build software and technology...

...Our educational content  Have you ever wondered how we choose topics for the Addgene blog? Or why we...everything else we do! The goal of Addgene’s educational content Addgene truly believes that sharing speeds...antibody and content team, we identified what applications should be included and what basic information... The guide was then assigned to our science communication specialist, Rachel, to write. Identify expertise...through an editing process and final check before publication.   Do research! Nearly everything we write entails...Guide figures. This requires a fair amount of communication between our content team and our graphic designer...graphic designer upon request that the science communicator "just sketch a western blot out quickly." Final...

... antibodies may be indicated on occasion, usually after other signal amplification techniques have been...IgG2 or IgG4. This can be important for some applications. Assay use While secondary antibodies are useful..., the flexibility of their use varies across applications. Western blots, for instance, almost always ...For the latter three, secondary antibodies are indicated when the protein of interest is found in low amounts...been ruled out.  Ease of access Signal amplification isn’t the only benefit of secondary antibodies. Finding...quantitative analysis of a sample. Instead, relative quantification can be done using either the direct or the ...antibodies remain the go-to option for signal amplification while providing needed flexibility in assay ...

...from the serum. Protein A/G purification Protein A or Protein G purification is one common method. These...reagent that works for your species. Affinity purification Only up to 5% of the IgG antibodies produced...specific for the immunogen. A different type of purification can be performed to isolate antibodies only ...inexpensive. Their short production time and the bulk purification steps keep the cost low compared to other antibody...are particularly useful for certain research applications. Many secondary antibodies are polyclonal, as...target protein thereby greatly increasing signal amplification.  When to stay away from polyclonal antibodies...2018-0065 Fishman JB, Berg EA (2019) Antibody Purification and Storage. Cold Spring Harb Protoc 2019:pdb.top099101...

... every genomic locus, and to do so in vivo. Catalytically dead Cas9 (dCas9) cannot induce gene editing...Cas9 ortholog, and the target sequence must be located adjacent to that PAM. To scale up fluorescent CRISPR...this rainbow of colors, Ma et al. performed sophisticated tracking of multiple chromosomal loci in live... do not induce genome editing. If used with catalytically active Cas9, the short, CRISPRainbow gRNA will... PMCID: PMC3918502. Find plasmids from this publication at Addgene. 2. Ma, Hanhui, et al. “Multicolor...PMCID: PMC4364232. Find the plasmids from this publication at Addgene. 3. Ma, Hanhui, et al. “Multiplexed...PMCID: PMC4864854. Find the plasmids from this publication at Addgene. 4. Kiani, Samira, et al. “Cas9 gRNA...

...thing that comes to mind. However, ion-based communication is not just for neurons. Non-neuronal cells ...It's just that for non-neural cells, ion-based communication happens at a slightly slower scale.  All living..., and when gap junction-mediated electrical communication is briefly inhibited in the entire worm during...reporting and genetically encoded fluorescent voltage indicators (GEVI) are ideal tools to track bioelectric states...activated proton pump) and ChR2 (blue-light activated cation channel) light-activated channels to hyperpolarize...channelrhodopsin used as a sensitive fluorescent voltage indicator with near-complete desensitization in continuous...extremely exciting emerging field, with many implications for regenerative medicine, evolution of body...

... work around this is to "domesticate" your fragment: PCR-based amplification can be used to create silent...and exciting applications, this system is an incredibly powerful tool for cloning complicated constructs...Type IIS sites (such as BsaI or BbsI), that are located on the outside of the cleavage site. As a result...plasmid (Option 1) or added using PCR-based amplification (Option 2). Advantages of Golden Gate cloning...restriction sites that may not be amenable to "domestication", you might want to consider using an alternative...high-efficiency step. References: Sequential amplification of cloned DNA as tandem multimers using class-IIS...