...geneticists to study gene function. In this final installment, I’ll provide a brief introduction as to how ...overexpression and knockdown. Addgene also has a number of insect vectors to consider. An easy way to see what is...available is to browse Addgene’s Collection under the insect expression system or by filtering by fly as species...which locus your transgene ends up (1): Random insertion has the advantage that you can get varying expression... inherited on the same chromosome. Targeted Insertion allows for direct comparisons between lines expressing...would you like your flies ready for use? Random insertions take longer because you need to determine in ...chromosome lines but is not necessary with targeted insertions (here you would know beforehand on which chromosome...

...packaging (Gag, Pol, and Env), the isoforms of these proteins, as well as the viral LTRs, differ. As a result...developed by Garry Nolan at Stanford (Swift, 2001) contains Gag-Pol and either an ecotropic envelope, Phoenix-ECO... just a few days. Another variant, Phoenix-gp, contains only Gag-Pol and enables additional flexibility...transduction are not encoded by the transfer plasmid, but instead are provided in trans by other plasmids or the ...Cloning capacity between the LTRs is ∼8.5 kb, but inserts bigger than ∼3 kb are packaged less efficiently...found at both the 5' and 3' ends of the provirus). Contains sequences necessary for activation of viral genomic... Acts as an RNA pol II promoter. The transcript begins, by definition, at the beginning of R, is capped...

...variety of cargo, and even handle a variety of terrains. They are, in fact, a choice delivery vector from...permanently. Viral vectors can also be used to express proteins. Viral expression cassettes typically contain ...from scratch! Why deliver these systems virally instead of by another method? Viral delivery is attractive...thousands of elements simultaneously in your system instead of just one at a time. Many of these libraries ... are packaged and delivered with viral vectors instead of a traditional transfection method. This is because...the actual virus to which immunity is desired. Instead, components of the virus are now delivered in other...immunogenicity of attenuated, nef-deleted HIV-1 strains in vivo. Retrovirology. 2007 Sep 23;4:66. doi: ...

...students in real-world lab activities? I’m trying to inspire them and also keep up with all the new biotechnology...being asked in MIT’s research labs, BioBuilder inspires students and teachers to apply engineering principles...final project. BioBuilder’s open-access curriculum begins with students reading comic strips and watching...droppers, centrifuge tubes, circuit parts, and lab-strains of bacteria to study — to conduct their hands-on...breakdown, production of fire-resistant housing insulation, and cleaning up salt runoff from winter icing.BioBuilderClub...summer teacher professional development program that trains nearly 100 teachers each year, with workshops held...BioBuilder's open-access curriculum available on Amazon Inspire.    Many thanks to our guest blogger, Mary Tamer...

...Kaustubh Kishor Jadhav, a Research Assistant at MGMs Institute of Biosciences and Technology. If you are reading...subculturing processes or from the air if the cell line remains exposed for a longer time. The aerosols are invisible... be detected by a luminometer. Non-specific DNA stains can be added in the infected culture medium to ... DNA staining alternative. This method uses DNA stains like DAPI and Hoechst 33258 to stain all DNA. Some...sneezing or coughing in the lab. The human mouth contains a wide variety of mycoplasmas and these can enter... sure to change the gloves and masks regularly instead of keeping them in the pockets of your lab coats...you keep all the required equipment and reagents inside the laminar airflow before and while you are working...

...produced in animals instead of via recombinant DNA, they can’t be genetically tagged and instead are conjugated...reporter consists of two chicken IgY domains. Chicken IgY domains are especially useful for multi-color...’t require a secondary antibody for detection. Instead they are detected with tyramide signal amplification...antibody and a ≥100-fold increase in signal over intrinsic fluorescence. Increased signal is likely due to... et al can be found here. Can’t find a RANbody against your favorite protein? No worries! As more nanobodies...

...Genetically encoded voltage indicators (GEVIs) are proteins that detect and output the voltage changes in ...green-fluorescent GEVIs and blue-light-sensitive channelrhodopsins. Find the Ace-mScarlet voltage indicator plasmids...of the MoClo system in cyanobacteria. This kit contains 96 parts including terminators and promoters, ...half with PhyB or PIF6, phytochrome-like fusion proteins from the plant Arabidopsis thaliana. In the presence... light or PCB is no longer present, the fusion proteins separate, inactivating Cre. This is critical for...this system, cells express various fluorescent proteins controlled by Cre recombination. Each cell can...colors depending on the combination of fluorescent proteins expressed. CreLite-mediated recombination was ...

...target pathogenic proteins, as well as in the lab to deplete expression of proteins of interest. RNAi ...found (typically RNA that the RNAi is designed against), RISC can repress translation and/or degrade target...agriculture as species-specific pesticides and insecticides, an advancement over previous chemical versions... these structures can in turn lead to genome instability. Thus, it’s important to strike a balance between..., I. X., Grunseich, C., Fox, J., et al., Human proteins that interact with RNA/DNA hybrids. Genome Res...10.1101/gr.237362.118 Chen, G. Y., Hur, S. Cellular origins of dsRNA, their recognition and consequences. Nat...

...funding from a variety of government and academic institutions. New graduate students may assume that their...given problem, Empowers the writer, And offers insight into a career as a Professor. Step 1: Your ... to read and fully understand the RFA. The RFA contains all of the important information required for ...the mission of the application and the funding institution. Moreover, avoidance of ‘to be’ verbs creates...time to review the literature and offer educated insight into what the desirable features of future technologies... with the description of the RFA and funding institution. Emphasizing how your solution fits into the ...funded proposal typically lists the deliverables, explains 1-2 potential pitfalls of the intended protocol...

...ensuring that the plasmid they ordered contains the correct inserts, tags, promoters, and other critical...markers, and fusion proteins listed for each plasmid  If the plasmids pass all inspection points, they are...ensure our assembly result is accurate The gene/insert or any major feature highlighted by the deposited...called Geneious. Here, the raw reads are mapped against a reference sequence, if one was provided. If no...assembly in Geneious can still provide additional insights to resolve the assembly and determine if there...

...resistance against Fusarium wilt disease in bananas as a Marie Curie Fellow at The Sainsbury Laboratory...blogger Sarah Schmidt, a Marie Curie Fellow at The Sainsbury Laboratory. Are you a science student or early...audience’s applause with your performance. When your institute opens its doors to the public, for example at ...your own blog, you can probably write for your institute’s blog. The Wellcome Trust blog or the John Innes... careers are in advance of yours, but also get inspired and meet peers. Join societies like National Science...provides on-site courses in public engagement for institutions and the Royal Society gives training in media...

...pursue leadership opportunities at the local, institutional, regional, and national levels. These skills... But how does one gain such experience? Your institution may offer occasional workshops on leadership ...Harvard Medical School and then Boston University (institutions where I’ve worked as a postdoc). I soon realized...that many of the issues faced by postdocs and institutions are not local but are national issues. I applied...requirements of the new Board Members. In some instances I felt like I was going back to previous formats...every year it organized a “Committee Leadership Institute” (CLI) where each Committee Chair and Vice Chairs...the Burroughs Wellcome Trust. These “leadership institute’ weekends would entail intense training to develop...

...doing this with very little money. So when did inspiration strike us so hard that we upended our lives and...in fact, our color changing flower project was inspired by a Facebook comment.  In our day job, we worked...detector plants, we expected to see that same anger. Instead, social media comments were more often along the...that.” That was interesting. If people could be against GMOs as food but support GMOs that result in a ...business training. The money is a drop in the bucket against the funds needed to build a flower that changes...business enterprises, he can be found climbing mountains or playing with his two cats. Keira Havens grew...Biophysics and Biochemistry from the Illinois Institute of Technology in 2004, she accepted a commission...

...abilities, we’re gaining new ground in the fight against cancer in its many forms. The dichotomous interactions...major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I proteins on their surfaces to avoid recognition by CD8+...formation and metastasis, block the cell-surface proteins that help escape immuno-surveillance, and curb...Antibodies that block cell-surface tolerance-producing proteins are one of the most commonly used immunotherapeutic...sequence of immune reactions that aid in the fight against cancer. Sipuleucel-T by the Dendreon Corporation...genome engineering have played a huge role. For instance, researchers are genetically altering tumor cells...cells and immune cells to knockout proteins involved in immune tolerance. Recently, China spearheaded ...

...something done not by people wearing a lab coat, but instead by people wearing business suits discussing multimillion...that means you don’t. In this mindset, one of us wins, the other loses. Although this approach to negotiation...winner and a loser when negotiating, what if we instead approached it as a creative problem-solving exercise...point you toward a creative solution where everyone wins. What are the underlying reasons for this person...some data for an upcoming conference deadline. Instead of arguing over who gets the spot (a zero sum result...Coming up with creative solutions where everyone wins can initially feel more difficult because of the...can I offer them to make it a win-win situation instead of just extra work for them? As a business development...

...stem from the heart beating at an irregular or insufficient level. The heartbeat – a muscle contraction ...structurally into 2 main groups: voltage sensitive domains and Rhodopsin containing GEVIs. Chemigenetic sensors...that of the VSD GEVIs. However, since rhodopsin proteins were initially evolved for ion transport, not ...membrane due to the addition of several targeting domains. The quencher and voltage detector in this system...viruses also have various serotypes – the surface proteins that confer affinity for a target – and this serotype...pseudotyping is also a powerful tool that swaps capsid proteins from different viruses to optimize them for targeting... Viral Vectors 101: Optogenetics Fluorescent Proteins 101: Introduction to FRET ...

... sequences, such as mismatches, deletions, or insertions. We use blastp or blastx to compare our sequencing...database “Nucleotide collection (nr/nt)” as it contains a composite of GenBank, EMBL, DDBJ, and PDB sequences...result – blastx checks all six possible frames against the database. Another benefit is that a frameshift...Non-redundant protein sequences (nr)” database as it contains the largest number of protein sequences. Just ...customization. Similar to nucleotide sequences, proteins often have repeated or highly homologous regions... and free up more time for using your plasmids instead! All BLAST images are modified screen shots from...101: How to Verify Your Plasmid Plasmids 101: An Inside Look at NGS Plasmid Quality Control Learn about...

... contestants!           View this post on Instagram                     A post shared by Xi Chen...December 12, 2022          View this post on Instagram                     A post shared by 草方 (@gracie_fang...take photos, and then share them on Twitter or Instagram with #DeckTheLab and tagging us, @addgene to be...get you out of.           View this post on Instagram                     A post shared by Xi Chen...picture or video for either contest on Twitter or Instagram by December 31, 2022.  Follow @Addgene, use the...and reveal the winning entries on Twitter and Instagram! Happy decorating, all, and to all a good light...

...diagnosed this year). Research efforts in mesothelioma instead rely upon private donations. Many people think ...However, there is no question that asbestos exposure remains the single-most important factor in developing ...do not work very well. The best option in such instances is palliative care, which helps patients manage...detection techniques and therapies emerge into mainstream use, they will have a much greater impact on ... good detection and treatment get, there still remains the problem of prevention. Asbestos exists pretty... and the president of the organization, Linda Reinstein – whose husband passed away from mesothelioma ...with Senator Barbara Boxer to introduce the Alan Reinstein Ban Asbestos Now Act of 2016 in the U.S. Senate...

...resistant to antibacterial drugs. Resistance can be intrinsic, meaning a basic characteristic that naturally...resistant somehow overtime. One fantastic example of intrinsic resistance would be Mycoplasma species’ resistance...possess cell walls. As a result, Mycoplasma are intrinsically resistant to this class of antibiotic. Acquired...DNA left behind after another bacterium died for instance). These three mechanisms of acquired drug resistance...be unharmed by the compound it produces (think intrinsic resistance), but surrounding microbes would be... time is needed for the drug to work… if the instructions for treatment aren’t followed closely, you could...in the Lab Probe Phage Genomes for Host Binding Proteins Learn How to Use Our Microbiology Pages Additional...