...viruses yield dsRNA through a slightly different mechanism thought to be associated with bidirectional transcription...knew about all the diverse in vitro production mechanisms. siRNA, also known as RNAi, are short, dsRNA ...and dysfunction, it is unclear what the precise mechanism behind the production of these dsRNAs is. A major...response. However, if dsRNA sensors are mutated or mechanisms which suppress endogenous dsRNA formation are...levels, possibly due to dysregulation of removal mechanisms, an array of diseases can result (Fanconi Anemia...

...Sauermann, Henry, and Michael Roach. "Science PhD career preferences: levels, changes, and advisor encouragement...would be the effects, positive and negative, of changing the workforce structure? Helping to answer some... the following panel members: Jonathan Dinman, Chair of the Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics Department...collects data on the careers of science PhDs. Michael Teitelbaum is a Senior Research Associate at the...

...person in the group for your needs. Beth Schachter of Beth Schachter Consulting is part of that group and ...are for the coaching relationship. Do you want to change jobs? Grow your professional presence? Learn a ...and make direct suggestions for improvement and change. Work with the coach to define how you will know... Polk of From PhD to Life. She runs great tweet chats, has an outstanding blog and, while her PhD is in...

...and has provided clues to their previously uncharacterized cellular roles. In the current phase of NURSA... expression and reporter plasmids and the free exchange of these vectors between laboratories. The development...example, was a key development in the functional characterization of NRs and coregulators, and although the ...Bert O’Malley, M.D., is Tom Thompson Professor and Chair of the Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology...Nuclear Receptor Signaling.   Further Reading: Chawla, A., Repa, J. J., Evans, R. M.and Mangelsdorf, ...

...base-to-base conversion in principle, but some changes require multiple steps and enzymes. Prime editing...can encode any of the 12 possible base-to-base changes in a single edit. Prime editing is also more precise...breaks has been widely used to generate precise changes. However, the efficiency of Cas9 cleavage is relatively....2021.09.018 Choi, J., Chen, W., Suiter, C. C., Lee, C., Chardon, F. M., Yang, W., Leith, A., Daza, R. M., Martin...J., Pierce, S. E., Tolar, J., Meissner, T. B., Chaikof, E. L., Osborn, M. J., & Liu, D. R. (2024). Efficient... L., Schmidt, R., Solley, S. C., Gilbert, L. A., Chan, M. M., Bauer, D. E., Marson, A., Parsons, L. R....

...conformational change that placesTagRFP-T and Dronpa in close proximity. By monitoring changes in TagRFP-T... to blue light, CRY2 undergoes a conformational change that permits it to bind to the CIB1 (cryptochrome-interacting...optogenetic system (OptoSTIM1), caused two-fold faster changes in intracellular Ca2+ levels than the original ...techniques for live-cell imaging of the dynamic changes in biochemical activity within the cell. Their ...

...synaptic connections and physiology is particularly challenging as they are great in number, generally very small...’s native locus, but introducing large genetic changes in C. elegans with CRISPR can be difficult since...her colleagues at Yale University fused a color-changing fluorescent timer (FT) protein to the histone ...synthesis and, after a few hours, a conformational change causes the protein to fluoresce red. H2B-FT-red...a Cre-dependent, soma-targeting inhibitory channelrhodopsin. It’s now available as AAV5. Find the AAV...

...work,” she said. “School will always be there.” Changing your path! It’s okay! Our blog writer, Beth Kenkel...research and technical assistant, when her life changed––she had a daughter. Needing a career switch because...thought, ‘Let me pursue this, let me make a slight change so I can have flexibility and be up to date with...Bioinformatics it is.’” Though she misses the bench, the change gave her the balance she needed. It is incredibly...incredibly helpful to me to know that you can make big changes in your career path and still find comfort and ...

...with characterized behaviors are available from Addgene and other sources; second, characterizing a part...strangers to cloning. If you’re reading this, then chances are you have been in the cloning trenches yourself...specific functions. Most individual parts have characterized activities with predictable behaviors. While...part in different contexts and plug different characterized parts into a TU! What is modular cloning useful...

...insertion, inversion, translocation or cassette exchange. By utilizing recombinases to manipulate genomes...Optogenetic tools use light to induce conformational changes in a protein.    Cells expressing an RFP...crRNA-guided DNA cutting, unlike other well-characterized Cas enzymes, which rely on multiple active sites...AAV-flex-taCasp3-TEVp here The red-shifted channelrhodopsin (C1V1) targeting parvalbumin cortical interneurons...use viral prep in serotype AAV5.  Get the channelrhodopsin here Astrocyte specific tight affinity glutamate...

...again to science.   Acknowledgements Chan Zuckerberg Initiative Chan Zuckerberg Biohub Manuel Leonetti Ryan...contributed by Greg Dingle, a software engineer with the Chan Zuckerberg Initiative. We hereby announce the general... us your questions or comments to gdingle@chanzuckerberg.com. We're eager to hear your thoughts. Many...Dingle! Greg Dingle is a software engineer with the Chan Zuckerberg Initiative, working on assignment at ...

...promising therapeutic tools. The two unique characteristics that define stem cells are: Their ability...disadvantages. Here is a table listing some of them: Characteristic ESC ASC Self-renewal High Low once isolated...Embryos are destroyed during ESC isolation. Low Chances of post-transplantation rejection when used therapeutically...patient’s adult cells when used therapeutically, the chances of post-transplantation rejection are low. Further...Central PMCID: PMC2752493. 4. Bongso, A. and M. Richards, History and perspective of stem cell research...

...Although FPs have enabled discovery of many cellular mechanisms, there are some limitations to working with FPs...the tag for each insertion. Also, it remains challenging to screen for the genetically modified strains...SpyTag). The Foerstemann lab developed a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based system that allows users to...can be modified to assay additional protein characteristics. For example, Masato Kanemaki's lab has developed...base-specific gene tagging using a ligase-4-dependent mechanism.” Nat Commun. 7 (2016):12338. PubMed PMID: 27465542...

... plasmid via sequencing or restriction digest. Chances are, you’ll even have DNA left over for other applications... the culture medium. Improve the culture media Changing to a richer media or adding supplements can improve... low copy plasmids or slower growing strains, a change in media may be advantageous. Reduce the antibiotic...oxygen for optimal growth, as insufficient gas exchange will prevent your cultures from reaching the desired...shaker speed is fast enough for sufficient gas exchange in the overnight culture. Generally, large cultures...

...conformational change to bring two FPs on a single protein closer together or further apart. Changes in distance...dimers can form in the absence of environmental changes that the biosensor is designed to detect resulting...reporters for your studies and greatly lower your chances of finding artifactual results. Many thanks to...14581454. PubMed Central PMCID: PMC2173526. 2. Zacharias, D.A., et al., Partitioning of lipid-modified ...

...enable plant science in general. We are funded by a charity and since we are making all the tools for plant...fluorescent proteins. Visualizing fluorescence can be challenging in plants because of the auto-fluorescence of...U.K. organization called Athena SWAN that is a charter for advancing women in science. Universities sign... been a lot of engagement with the Athena SWAN Charter and it has really strengthened the network of female...tell them to work in plant science. I think their chances of doing something amazing will be equally high...

...coordinating the annual Math & Science Night, a chance for parents and other members of the community ...district that has a lot of parents in STEM careers, chances are they’re wondering how they could contribute...etc. Though I talked about CRISPR’s molecular mechanism, I was careful to keep it relatively simple. I... key concepts (Fig. 2). One thing I will likely change for next time is giving fewer examples and think...much in the making. One of the exciting, and challenging, aspects of talking to 8th graders was the broad...

...plants produce lots of seeds. More seeds mean more chances to recover a transformant. Use young plants: If...flowers to Agrobacterium. More seeds mean more chances to recover a transformant. Use lots of plants: ...per construct I transform. More seeds mean more chances to recover a transformant. Remove mature siliques...Agrobacterium all over your gloves, so be sure to change gloves between constructs if you are transforming...This won’t hurt them, and it will increase the chances of tDNA integration. Selecting Arabidopsis transformants...

...that you will contribute openness, clarity, approachability, and professionalism to team meetings and projects...yourself  standing in front of a crowd and using your charisma to give people hope for some shiny vision on the... you’re more of a leader than you thought! When change happens at your organization, when your boss needs...presents itself even outside of work, consider challenging yourself, take the opportunity, and discover ...to manage these responsibilities. If you are in charge of completing many meticulous protocols or tasks...

...you select? In this blog, we’ll break down the mechanism of action of the most common antibiotic resistance...presence of an antibiotic resistance gene is a mechanism to culture only bacteria which have retained a...carb and amp, due to their common degradation mechanism. How to choose between the two? Carb is generally... colonies are an issue. Pros: Very stable, interchangeable with Amp, timesaving for transformations. Con...similar relationship as amp and carb (they are interchangeable). Like carb, spectinomycin is the more stable...