We narrowed to 1,054 results for: tra

...number of challenges ranging from long periods of training to limited job opportunities in academia - the...the main reason most people enter postdoctoral training. Similarly, there are several factors to consider...about how to get the most out of your postdoctoral training experience. If you're going to commit to doing...mentor is not always available for mentees due to travel, teaching, grant writing, etc. Also, it is unlikely...mentors. I found this beneficial for my projects, my training, and when I went on the job market. Additional... or that a reagent has not been convincingly demonstrated to work for your specific assay. "Quick and ...to replicate. Plan experiments logically and strategically to increase your rate of productive results ...

...use of antibiotic resistance DNA plasmids are traditionally grown in bacteria as a way to produce more of...in a plasmid. During the propagation and/or transformation process, some bacteria will either never receive... is nifty because the recovery period after transformation (the dreaded 60 minutes shaking at 37 degrees... available, cost-effective, timesaving for transformations. Cons: Prone to satellite colony formation ..., interchangeable with Amp, timesaving for transformations. Con: Expensive.   Kanamycin Kanamycin, or...selection gene. However, it does require a slower transformation recovery period than amp or carb (60 minutes...confers mammalian resistance to G418. Con: Slow transformation   Spectinomycin/streptomycin Spectinomycin...

...disproportionately large number of honorees to have trained under a previous laureate (Zuckerman, 1977; Ma ...more than just technical knowledge, shaping their trainees’ very way of thinking too. Albert Einstein might... . . is not the learning of many facts but the training of the mind to think something that cannot be ...). But is it possible to bring the kinds of transformative educational experiences afforded to those fortunate...apprentice with top scientists to larger groups of trainees at an earlier point in their careers? A CURE ... to identify regions of MDH that interact with citrate synthase and presented their findings at the American... actively involved in the learning process. As trainees become more comfortable with the open-ended nature...

...the possibility of directional gene transfer, analogous to traditional restriction enzyme cloning. Sticky-end...and requires only one RNA rather than the two (tracrRNA and crRNA) needed by Cas9 for cleavage. In certain... Cas9’s shortcomings - namely its blunt double stranded cleavage and G-rich PAM requirement. Zetsche et...target. Cpf1 also does not require an additional tracrRNA. Once they had determined the minimal elements...Sticky-end mediated gene transfer would be particularly helpful for targeting non-dividing cells, which are...favored by SpCas9. Since Cpf1 doesn’t require a tracrRNA, crRNA guides are only ~42 nt long. Direct synthesis...significantly cheaper than that of the ~100 nt crRNA/tracrRNA hybrid guides needed for Cas9 function. Since ...

...proteins needed for the virus to replicate,  and the transfer plasmid which contains the viral genome. In today...and cap are expressed from a separate plasmid in trans, freeing up space in the viral genome so that a ...Replication initiates from the AAV genome ITRs on the transfer plasmid, which contain regions of dsDNA. To generate...its endonuclease activity to generates a ssDNA substrate which is then nicked by its endonuclease domain...capsid. Rep proteins are also involved in the transcriptional regulation of the AAV p40 promoter which drives...into a capsid other than AAV2. This production strategy is called cross-packaging.  Capsid (cap) gene ...promoter. Alternative splicing and differing translational start sites generate the three VP proteins. ...

... to the administration of postdocs, often at a departmental level rather than being centrally administered...research in the U.S. and postdoctoral training has not been demonstrated to be required for the jobs that ...scientists are paid above this threshold or for tracking the hours that these scientists work and paying...across academia). Increased postdoc wages, overtime tracking? What are institutions doing? Institutions are...exactly how postdoctoral salaries are changing. Transparent salary information for postdoctoral positions...their salary raised 101% if hours are not to be tracked. University of Buffalo and Ohio State both have...exemption level. Not only is this in direct contradiction to explicit policies set up other institutions...

... protein of interest, such as a sample transiently transfected or stably infected with the protein of ...downregulated, examine a protein’s stability or post-translational modifications, or study how a target protein... two ways. Both methods utilize the same basic strategy: immobilize the antibody or antibody-target protein... two different approaches allow for optimized strategies for differing amounts of target proteins or antibody...strengths.    . Steps of an IP: 1) Protein extracts from cells or tissues contain a complex mix of... needed. Since many factors, including salt concentration, ionic strength and pH, affect binding the lysis...antibody and is immobilized. The ideal antibody concentration to use will vary between capture antibodies ...

...Pubmed PMID: 24463574. Pubmed Central PMCID: PMC3988262. 4. Hart, Traver, et al. "Measuring error rates...flaws of RNAi screens are well characterized and strategies exist to control for these faults. However, it...to patterns seen in single-guide studies? Many strategies exist for reducing Cas9 off-target effects, but...DNase hypersensitivity, or are in an enhancer, transcription factor binding site, or a coding region. Targeting...on- and off-target effects, but also presents a strategy to control for these effects. By testing thousands...generalizable conclusions about off-target activity, demonstrate safe-targeting guides as a potential control,...8 (2017): 15178. Pubmed PMID: 28474669. Pubmed Central PMCID: PMC5424143. 2. Tsai, Shengdar Q., et al....

...difference. Traces The Traces tab shows the edited and control, non-edited Sanger traces in the region...as determined by comparing the edited trace to the control trace. In the ICE algorithm, potential editing...the targeted gene.   Analyze Complex Edits   Traditional Sanger sequencing-based analysis tools are unable...and Sanger sequenced. ICE compares these sequence traces to give a detailed analysis of CRISPR editing. ...result from single or multiplex CRISPR-Cas9 double-strand DNA breaks using SpCas9. More features will be ...three tabs - Contributions, Indel Distribution and Traces - provides particular details about the indel profile...the reference sequence derived from the control trace file. On the plot, the green (edited sample) and...

...abscessus is first transformed with Cas9 on an integrative plasmid containing tetracycline repressor TetR ...resistance selection marker KanR. This strain is then transformed with the sgRNA cassette on a plasmid ...luminescent reaction with the substrate furimazine. Right: Demonstration of PILATeS. Cell adhesion to ...multiple myeloma drug mezigdomide and ubiquitination substrate Ikaros (IKZF1ZF2) (B). Image adapted from Kroupova...9% of colonies (102 to 104 times higher than traditional homologous recombination methods). By using mCherry... mCherry for selection of sgRNA plasmid transformants, they avoid M. abscessus’ high rate of spontaneous...workflow in M. abscessus. A) Sth1Cas9 mediates double strand break at the target site, which results in either...

...plasmids, investigating different viral production strategies or developing novel methods for data analysis...inhibitor sucrose. Previous work by Stoneham et al. demonstrated that the entry of AAV2 into target cells is ...formulation buffers, this sugar may be a more attractive choice for labs looking to improve their AAV ...wanted to be certain that this supplementation strategy would have no effect on the purity or infectivity...preparation. Through sugar detection assays, in vitro transduction, and silver stain approaches we show that there...effect on our overall yield, we were unable to demonstrate that these results were, in fact, due to impaired...test the endocytosis of a fluorescent dye and transduction of GFP-expressing AAV particles we did not observe...

...from the OD and concentration of the known samples is used to calculate the concentration of protein in ...cells. They bind to proteins on the surface of extracellular pathogens such as parasites or microbes, or ... methods. Each type of antibody and production strategy has advantages and disadvantages compared to each...from the animal is drawn and the antibodies are extracted. These antibodies recognize a variety of epitopes...Hybridomas are formed by fusing B cells that have been extracted from animals injected with protein antigen to ...molecular weight by SDS-PAGE, and are subsequently transferred to a membrane. A primary antibody recognizing...appropriate controls for normalizing the protein concentration. To get even more details, check out our article...

...antibody stability, half-life, tumor penetration, inadequate concentration, mutation of cell surface targets...infections, or other strenuous biological changes. In contrast to the acute immune responses that eliminate early...associated with the onset of colorectal cancer. Strategic immune evasion mechanisms - The tumor microenvironment...relapse. Chemical and radiation therapies cause a transient shutdown of the immune system, hampering its ability...of even these conventional antitumor treatment strategies can be enhanced. Types of immunotherapeutics ...being injected back into the body in 3 doses intravenously. B cells and T cells activated ex vivo are also...susceptible to elimination by T cells. Immunotherapy strategies that synergize with these positive impacts on...

...challenging to stain intracellular compartments in in vivo model systems, so extra care must be taken to...target through binding of the molecular species. Administration of these dyes results in direct binding between...enzyme variant that covalently reacts with a small substrate ligand motif attached to a fluorophore or other...advantages to using these self-labeling proteins over traditional fluorescent protein tags, such as high specificity...on a protein, enabling the labeling of protein substrates/peptides and antibodies. Example applications...green, red, and far-red dyes is important for intracellular fluorescence live imaging ​​(Hayashi-Takanaka...fission, fusion, biogenesis, and mitophagy, can be tracked using dyes like Rhodamine 123 (R123) (Liu et al...

...the hACE2 transgenic mouse strain, for example, is sustained by the availability of this strain from The..., they remain accessible during these times. Centralized reagent repositories, also known as biobanks,... Biological repositories that distribute mouse strains, plasmids, cell lines, and much more have been ...19 plasmids and resources! Case study 3: Mouse strains Reagents developed during the SARS-CoV pandemic...University of Iowa (McCray et al., 2006), the hACE2 transgenic mice were designed after it was discovered that...appearing with regards to SARS-CoV-2, this mouse strain is regaining popularity. The Jackson Laboratory...institution, has been able to rapidly propagate this strain, making it available to scientists around the world...

...Library amplification seems straightforward: E. coli bacteria are transformed with the library DNA, they... Each Addgene library has its own depositor transformation and amplification protocol, but the overall...Maintain representation of the library during transformation First, use enough DNA and competent bacteria...and we use electroporation to ensure a good transformation efficiency. For a typical library, Addgene ...growing the cells on solid plates, where each transformant forms its own colony, uninfluenced by the growth...concern, but Addgene still recommends plating the transformation mixture on solid media. The colonies are then...then scraped off the plates and pelleted for DNA extraction. Prepare library product for next-generation ...

...a repressible binary system for transgene expression, lineage tracing, and mosaic analysis., Cell 141,...more detailed level, the Gal4/UAS system is a transcription activation system co-opted from yeast (1). It...workhorse to turn genes on or off. Gal4 is a transcriptional activator that binds to UAS enhancer sequences...sequences found in DNA. It then recruits transcription machinery to the site to induce gene expression. Thus... my next post, I’ll explain the relatively straightforward process of generating your own fly lines. In...Kagan, Environmental Stress Causes Lethal Neuro-Trauma during Asymptomatic Viral Infections, Cell Host...9, 47–55 (2012). PubMed PMID: 22205518. PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3574576. 7. S.-L. Lai, T. Lee, Genetic...

... beliefs. I asked participants to read short abstracts comparing the mortality rates between two controversial...peer-reviewed study. The second group read the same abstract but with the names reversed, meaning that the ...reversed. The third group read a version of the abstract where the real medical conditions had been swapped...asked to evaluate the quality of the study those abstracts represented. The point of this study was to see...see if their evaluations of the abstracts were driven by the quality of the study design or by their preconceived... significantly more favourable ratings to the abstracts that affirmed their personal beliefs even though...identical. Likewise, when participants read an abstract for a study with findings that challenged their...

...RNaseP. Although the Gao Lab demonstrated efficient MBE with such a strategy, the need for lengthy promoters..., lengthy genetic payloads and insufficient transcription on the array have limited the scalability and...multiplex gene editing. Moreover, existing multiplex strategies have been facing difficulties in pairing with...both efficiency and multiplexity, with these constraints? The Gao lab first thought to enable MBE by ...efficient base editing. They then worked to develop a strategy that would independently generate multiple gRNAs...kinds of CRISPR tools, without compromising their strategic advantages in gene editing, while keeping the ... Led by PhD student Qichen Yuan, the Gao Lab demonstrated that the tRNA-gRNA array can drive the expression...

...antibodies from an Andean mammal called alpaca could neutralize the SARS-CoV-2 virus. But while the early results...facility needed to perform the experiments to demonstrate that this approach was useful in humans. Then...preprint repository BioRxiv. This example clearly illustrates the power of collaboration, which despite the...help researchers working on COVID-19. Its origins trace back to March 2020, when the first coronavirus lockdown.... None of us works directly with viruses or transmissible diseases, so we were left with no choice but...simpler and the volunteers helped with things like translations, bibliographic searches, etc.     Expanding...we call “asymmetric collaborations.” These are transient partnerships where a researcher makes a small ...