...a producer cell line like the widely used 293T. During vector production, assembled AAV vector particles...released from the producer cells into the supernatant during the production phase. However, this has not been...at the AAV vectors that are released from cells during production (Maguire et al., 2012). They saw that...

...each of the isotypes. IgM This isotype is produced during a primary immune response because all B cells begin...found in tissues. IgG is the predominant isotype during a secondary immune response, which is when the ...constant domains. This switching helps B cells adapt during the course of an immune response since it also ...

...until it is triggered to enter the lytic cycle.   During both of these life cycles bacterial DNA can be ...in a wild type E. coli (Griffiths et al., 2000). During conjugation, genetic material is transferred from...Guillemin. "Multiple phases of competence occur during the Helicobacter pylori growth cycle." FEMS microbiology...

...the lab. They can be stored at your bench during the procedure and at 4 °C when you’re not running a western...and reprobed multiple times. It doesn’t degrade during long-term storage and has both high binding capacity.... This is because proteins diffuse semiradially during the transfer, making membranes inherently “fuzzier...

...modulate protein activity and have important roles during oxidative stress. To monitor this activity, Pedre...measuring calcium signaling related fluorescence during morphine administration and withdrawal to explore...stimulation of dual virus-expressing CR neurons. (C) Duration of painful responses in the left and right paw...

...mutant cells were treated with WNV at a dose and duration sufficient to kill all control cells and surviving...mutant enables transient suppression of DNA repair during oligonucleotide integration, allowing MAGE in otherwise...polyproteam can be eluted using maltose. This procedure allows for stable and directional protein fusion...need for PCR or additional molecular cloning steps during plasmid assembly. This toolkit reduces the expense... of these genes were investigated for functions during infection of human cells, and one of them called...

..., the vector may undergo genomic rearrangements during replication. To avoid genomic rearrangements, try...result of plasmid integration via recombination during transfection, and does not necessarily indicate...Yezzi, and Barbara R. Young. "Recombination events during integration of transfected DNA into normal human...

...animal’s skull using dental cement (a similar procedure as implanting a guide cannula). A fiber optic ...cable to the ferrule implant must be maintained during the entire protocol, otherwise optical stimulation...that one laser can stimulate only a single animal during the course of an experiment. There are a number...

...abilities we often hear that scientists should acquire during their PhD and postdoctoral training. Addgene executive...different types of people both above and below you. During my time at the NPA, there were many changes to ... hands-on- and role-playing exercises were held during the weekend. I attended multiple CLIs and benefited...

...contamination, use appropriate decontamination procedures (Korte et al., 2021) for all disposable items... iodixanol) using a high-speed ultracentrifuge. During the spin, the virions will form a band due to their...release of functional vector into the culture medium during adeno-associated virus manufacturing. Human Gene...

... steps, until its connection with DNA is broken during cross-link reversal (not shown in diagram). Cross-links...in chromatin conformation, like those that occur during development and cellular differentiation. Using...the Xu Lab tracked enhancer-promoter interactions during erythroid differentiation. CAPTURE 2.0 captures...

... Protocol Pages Agarose cloning method procedure The procedure (illustrated in the YouTube video below...isolate colonies of antibiotic-resistant cells; during the time required to grease, place and fill a dozen...

...other side), you can check by using two membranes during your transfer instead of one. If you see signal...you had air trapped between the membrane and gel during the transfer, while dark splotches could indicate... mixed blocking buffer, or insufficient rocking during incubation steps.  Many errors can arise from technical... If you’re seeing high background or low signal during the imaging process, try adjusting your exposure...

...to follow an exponential decay model, with dips during weekends and significant holidays. Figure...likelihood by the corresponding factor 𝜙z if t is during event z. The "events" we considered for our model... Addgene blog Learn more about plasmid sharing during COVID-19 Resources on Addgene.org Find plasmids...

...producer cell membrane, and acquired as an envelope during exocytotic budding, as the viral particle emerges...transfer of RT, which would actually occur in step 2 during uncoating. After uncoating, reverse transcription... integrated by the viral integrase protein (IN) during step 3 (King et al., 2008) (Hu & Temin, 1990). ...

... caused by loss of protein during digestion, or masking of epitopes during sample anchoring and gel polymerization...occurs, due to a reduction in target concentration during expansion. One group has found that using Fab fragment...

...cross-react with samples, eliminating them from the procedure removes one potential source of cross-reactivity...antibodies that work well together. Moreover, the procedure is longer than alternative ELISA methods, especially...peptide. The positive control will confirm that the procedure is working and should always be included.  For...

...creativity is absolutely a transferable skill developed during PhD training. Creativity is required to develop... need ahead of time and mute your notifications during. (Boyes, 2019) If you’ve taken the time to do this... were asked to create a device to help students during an interview. When they were instructed to use ...

...contains a plasmid with a T-DNA (transfer-DNA) region. During infection this T-DNA region is transferred into...transformation and gene expression can be tracked. During a transient leaf transformation, the engineered...other aspects of the transient transformation procedure (Mortensen et al., 2019). Our method might provide...

...system to partition themselves to each daughter cell during cell division. They don’t simply rely on chance...CBP), and a partition NTPase (Schumacher, 2012).  During cell division, CBPs bind to the centromere-like...replication that occurs for some types low copy plasmids during cell division simply does not allow for enough ...