We narrowed to 388 results for: nans
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TypeCollection...expression with AAVs can be long-lived, despite recombinant AAVs not integrating into the host genome. Scientists...
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DNA Quantification
TypeProtocol...purity of DNA samples. These days, many labs have a NanoDrop, which is a very small spectrophotometer that ...little as 1μl. Regardless of whether you have a NanoDrop, follow the manufacturer's instructions for the...inherent to the machine and your solvent. If using a NanoDrop to measure your samples, place 1-2µL of mini-prepped... Keep in mind that despite the accuracy of the NanoDrop, if two consecutive samples have significantly... between them has affected the accuracy of the NanoDrop. It is a good idea to re-zero any spectrophotometer... -
Antibodies 101: Antibody Engineering and Directed Evolution
TypeBlog Post...methods in previous blog posts, like developing recombinant antibodies, antibody conjugation, chimeric antibodies... single-domain antibody (often referred to as nanobodies). Created with BioRender.com. Antibody...IPI) provides information on their large-scale recombinant antibody production platform. IPI is a leading...scientists. Addgene partners with IPI to provide recombinant antibodies that target families of cell surface...rapid discovery of conformationally selective nanobodies. Nature Structural & Molecular Biology, 25(3)...and Search Engines Antibodies 101: Producing Recombinant Antibodies An Integrin Antibody Toolkit from ... -
K. phaffii: Rising to the Occasion
TypeBlog Post...promoter, AOX1, was co-opted for the expression of recombinant proteins by the pharmaceutical and biotech industries...efficient at protein secretion, making harvesting recombinant proteins a cinch. This is because it doesn’t ...secrete its own endogenous proteins, making the recombinant protein its major secretion. Beyond sheer protein... good for post-translational modification of recombinant protein products, specifically glycosylation....phaffii, relative to S. cerevisiae, is that it predominantly uses non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) to perform... -
Developing a cold tolerant E. coli using specialized chaperones
TypeBlog Post...efficiency. Finding recombinant psychrophilic enzymes for the host The expression of recombinant proteins for...well under suboptimal conditions. This means recombinant proteins can aggregate or precipitate out as ...would allow the stable folding and expression of recombinant psychrophilic proteins. As the figure below shows... as engineering and regulating psychrophilic recombinant proteins. To infinity, and beyond! Keeping ... -
Antibodies 101: Affinity Reagents
TypeBlog Post....org Antibody GuideRecombinant antibodies available from AddgeneBrowse our recombinant antibody plasmid...diabodies to be used for assembling protein nanostructures. Diabodies readily co-crystalize, a major advantage...antibodies (sdAbs), sold under the commercial name nanobodies, are derived from a camelid antibody lacking ...10.1016/j.ymeth.2018.09.005 Muyldermans S. (2013). Nanobodies: natural single-domain antibodies. Annu Rev Biochem... -
28 Hot Plasmid Technologies from 2015
TypeBlog Post...variants of their Nano-lantern technology, first developed in 2012. The new cyan and orange Nano-lantern fusions...multi-color imaging. The Nano-lanterns rely on the principle of bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET...and pcDNA3.1+-pHlash, that use Bioluminescence Resonance Energy Transfer (BRET) were developed by the Johnson...two improved Light Inducible Dimers (iLID), iLID nano and iLID micro, which differ from each other by ...light/dark affinity range (130nM to 4.7µM for iLID nano and 800nM to 47µM for iLID micro; Figure 1). With... al. Cell reports. 2015. PubMed PMID: 26456817. Nano-lanterns for multicolor luminescence imaging Fluorescent...their 2015 PNAS manuscript, Takai et al validate the Nano-lantern approach as a tool for monitoring multi-... -
The Challenges of Cell Culture
TypeBlog Post...would seem to save time and money but cells lose provenance (this is the history of the cell line consisting...contamination with HeLa being the most frequent contaminant, closely followed by T24 bladder cancer cells... Public Domain. The basics of good cell line maintenance The key is good recordkeeping, you need to have...journals strictly require evidence of cell line provenance and identity. The Nature Publishing Group recently... cell line maintenance... -
Plasmids 101: E. coli Strains for Protein Expression
TypeBlog Post...coli strains are not usually well suited for recombinant protein expression. Many challenges can arise...coli. We will review the potential pitfalls of recombinant protein expression and some of the most popular...or are enzymatically active. For this reason, recombinant proteins are typically expressed in E. coli engineered..., which reduces proteolysis of the expressed recombinant proteins. lon protease: Strains where this is...temperature, time, and media conditions. Many recombinant proteins express better at 30°C or room-temperature... -
Tips for Using FRET in Your Experiments
TypeBlog Post...BRET= Bioluminescence Resonance Energy Transfer CRET= Chemiluminescence Resonance Energy Transfer Interesting...now well-known FRET, aka Fluorescence (Förster) Resonance Energy Transfer, technique which allows the detection...have any cross-talk but you also don’t have any resonance transfer. You have to find a balance between FRET....201100098. Sekar RB, Periasamy A. Fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) microscopy imaging of live... -
AAV Purification by Iodixanol Gradient Ultracentrifugation
TypeProtocol...protocol is composed of steps that separate out contaminants from an impure AAV preparation. The 15% iodixanol...macromolecules. The 40% and 25% steps are used to remove contaminants with lower densities, including empty capsids.... Image adapted from Zolotukhin, S., et al. "Recombinant adeno-associated virus purification using novel...Left image adapted from Zolotukhin, S., et al. "Recombinant adeno-associated virus purification using novel...by silver stain. Note the increased number of contaminants in each fraction. * AAV capsid proteins VP1,... -
Evolution of Lab Techniques
TypeBlog Post...techniques. For example, restriction mapping led to recombinant DNA technologies that are now commonplace in ...sequencing world, one up and coming innovation is nanopore-based DNA sequencing which reads the nucleotides...nucleotides (8). Compared to older technologies nanopore-based DNA sequencing machines are relatively small...have high error rates (10). It is projected that nanopore-based sequencing technologies could one day sequence...PubMed PMID: 1925562. 10. Feng, Yanxiao, et al. "Nanopore-based fourth-generation DNA sequencing technology... -
How to Negotiate a Successful Lab Start Up Budget
TypeBlog Post...focus on defining these resources and not on the financial aspects. Money often carries an emotional weight...administrative services, managers, and techs’ financial books. To find personnel salary ranges, go to...specific aims. 2. Then make decisions based on financial values. All too often, we see early investigators...save you money in the short term. However, the financial risks associated with old equipment, like service.... Always focus on the science When negotiating finances, instead of solely discussing numerical values... -
Antibodies 101: Multiplex Immunofluorescence
TypeBlog Post...brain samples from the James Trimmer Lab, using recombinant antibodies with different isotypes. (A) Neocortex... affinity reagents like fluorescently-labeled nanobodies or scFvs. Many, many options for fluorescently.... (2019). A toolbox of IgG subclass-switched recombinant monoclonal antibodies for enhanced multiplex ...Beuschel, R. T., Kabat, J., Croteau, J., Davis, J., Hernandez, J. M., & Germain, R. N. (2020). IBEX: A versatile...Immunofluorescence Resources on Addgene.org Find recombinant antibodies available at Addgene Protocols for... -
Illuminating Choices: A Guide to Selecting Fluorescent Dyes and Ligands
TypeBlog Post...fluorescently tagged nanocellulose for nanotoxicological studies. Environmental Science: Nano, 6(5), 1516–1526...isothiocyanate (FITC) can be stably combined with nanoparticles, maintaining intensity at ~85% of its original...specificity to ensure accurate tagging. In Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) applications, the dyes ... -
Which Fluorescence Microscopy Technique is Best for Me?
TypeBlog Post...contrast, fluorescence imaging has emerged as the dominant light microscopy contrast technique in modern ...only excites fluorophores within a few hundred nanometers of the glass/water interface. Super resolution...only excites fluorophores within a few hundred nanometers of the coverslip (4). Essentially, an optical...10 fold increase in resolution, down to 10s of nanometers. Thick dynamic samples Ex: 3D cell cultures, ...KI, Sahl SJ, Hell SW. Lens-based fluorescence nanoscopy. Quarterly reviews of biophysics 48, 178-243 (... -
CRISPR Library Amplification
TypeProtocol...lower values than Nanodrop, although most protocols have been designed with Nanodrop as the quantification...lentiviral particles. See below for options if the recombinant band makes up a significant proportion of the...solutions. Quantify the individual Maxipreps by Nanodrop, Picogreen, or Qubit. Each different DNA measurement...burden on the bacteria. Bacteria that contain a recombinant plasmid likely grow faster in the closed system... -
Using CRISPR/Cas9 to Edit Disease Out of the Genome
TypeBlog Post...CRISPR/Cas9 could be used to edit several autosomal-dominant mutations that have been connected to the early...Chinese Academy of Sciences found that mice with a dominant mutation in a gene that causes cataracts could... chose to explore its potential in mice with a dominant cataract disorder caused by a single copy of a...applications are also possible through the use of nanoparticles. [6]. References 1. Zhang B. 2021. “CRISPR... -
Viral Vectors 101: Inverted Terminal Repeats
TypeBlog Post...and the ITRs are retained with the gene in a recombinant AAV (rAAV) vector (Figure 1). Everything else...outside the ITRs gets left behind. Figure 1: Recombinant AAV vector with ITRs that flank the gene cassette...plasmid DNA with mutated ITR sequences. Using recombinant-deficient bacterial strains such as NEB Stable...individual reads allows for identification of non-dominant ITR sequences. Restriction digests with the enzymes... -
Hot Plasmids - May 2022
TypeBlog Post... The binding of the GFP nanobody to its target stabilizes the TurboID-nanobody protein and allows TurboID...TurboID fused to a conditionally stabilized GFP-nanobody rather than a specific protein of interest. This...GFP-tagged protein (albeit slightly offset due to the nanobody-GFP interaction). The modularity of the system...