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...example) and can be analyzed using Addgene’s Analyze Sequence tool. Excellent, how can I check if the... of web pages the plasmid page is nested in. You can see in the example above that the bread crumbs trail...plasmids with similar names in the collection, but you can use this name to find this plasmid from our search...out this video for a walkthrough of the ways you can search our website). A quicker way to find this plasmid...out the plasmid's structural features and see if I can easily clone my gene into it? Your best bet is ...plasmid maps as part of the deposit process and these can be found in this location as well. These maps make...provide plasmid maps whenever possible. GenBank files can also be uploaded onto our plasmid pages, but these...

...these biosensors can be found at Addgene. Split FPs – some FPs (e.g. GFP, Venus) can be split into two...Photoactivatable / Photoconvertible: These proteins can switch their color when activated by a specific excitation...wavelength. This means that the emission wavelength can change. In a few cases, the initial state of the ...proteins change their color over time. Therefore, these can be used as “timers” for cellular processes following...they will form the full FP and fluoresce. Split FPs can be used to determine the proximity of two proteins.../em peak. Therefore, choose FPs that your system can excite, and detect the emission. For example, if ...yellow light). Note that some combinations of FPs can cause an effect called FRET (fluorescence [or Förster...

...backbones and specific primers you can use to confirm your clones. You can also find a list of popular sequencing...gRNA insert or not. A blue-white screen, however, can give you this information (more on this below). Plating.... lacZ encodes the enzyme 𝛽-galactosidase which can hydrolyse lactose. Fortunately, for the lab researcher... will just see the vector backbone band. Or, you can choose an enzyme that cuts once in the plasmid backbone...one band. These are only a few examples of how you can use restriction digest to screen your clones, but...using restriction digests to analyze plasmids, which can help you visualize this process, or visit our restriction...restriction analysis blog post. Colony PCR Colony PCR can detect the presence or absence of DNA using lysed...

...These whorls can be quantified for individual cells, and the number of 'normal' looking cells can be counted...that are engineered can be shared to simplify the comparison by others. Together, we can build a valuable...probes. You can follow him on twitter: @joachimgoedhart.   Marieke Mastop is a PhD candidate at the Section...tendency to form higher order aggregates. This property can be tolerated in some applications (e.g. labeling ...detail here. There are a variety of methods that can be used to measure your fluorescent protein’s propensity...proteins to form homodimers or higher order oligomers can be analyzed by several techniques. Gel filtration...spectroscopic methods (based on fluorescence polarization) can be used to detect homodimerization. However, all ...

... it can also detect expression of toxin mRNA from Clostridium difficile. As mRNA expression cannot be ...are doing. But aside from sequencing, scientists can also study the microbiome by using engineered genetic...IncP⍺-family-RP4 conjugation system. This system can deliver plasmids to both Gram-positive and Gram-negative...plasmids (pGT) with various replicative origins that can be used for broad or narrow range of microbial species...a desired genetic payload (ex: GFP). Thus, cells can be both sorted using FACS and isolated with antibiotic...Collins’s lab developed a paper-based method that can be used to detect microbes and biomarkers on paper...method is the RNA toehold switch, a RNA hairpin that can be designed to bind and detect nearly any RNA sequence...

...that antibodies can do! For instance, some Fc receptors, once bound to an antibody, can act as immune modulators...to bind. We also know that changing the Fc domain can impact an antibody's binding affinity (Janda et al... the different immune responses? We got you! You can also review antibodies in our Antibodies 101 animation...different receptors, but their downstream effects can be sorted into three main effector functions.  ...Antibody-dependent complement deposition (ADCD) Antibodies can bind to a pathogen and physically prevent it from...effector function known as neutralization. But they can also bind to a pathogen and mark it as a target for... cell. If the pathogen is a large parasite, ADCC can be induced through a very similar interaction between...

... insertion line can then be isolated and screened. Depending on the marker, traps can be used as high-...frame, in fact, they can be activated a considerable distance away from a gene which can make identification...expression levels (high/low) and patterns (tissue/timing) can be monitored under various conditions without necessarily...uncharacterized gene. The actual reporter construct can be something phenotypic (such as a fluorescent protein... result in lethality before all of its functions can be observed. Functionally redundant genes – multiple...multiple genes which function in overlapping roles can mask the depletion of one another. Under these circumstances...reporter gene flanked by a minimal promoter which can integrate proximal to an endogenous gene to turn ...

...you can jump from one type of position to another throughout your career. Plus, just one role can encompass...  Where can you do science policy? Because the field of science policy is so diverse, you can do it in... of work can happen at the national level within the executive branch or in Congress, or can also happen... programs can connect you with alumni before and during your application process so you can learn more... about virtual meet ups and happy hours that you can attend to help build relationships.  Reach out to...differently depending on how and where you pursue it. It can manifest via research and data gathering, regulatory...as a profession. Figure 1: Science policy can lead you to many paths! For a more details, check...

...In the event that genome sequencing can be done, this technique can also help pinpoint the genes within...Nebulization units, which can be purchased cheaply, are small plastic containers that can easily be attached ...are hard to find Sequencing and cloning phage DNA can be difficult, in part because phages frequently alter...approximately gene-sized) fragments so that these fragments can be cloned into E. coli and subsequent proteins screened...screened for cell-binding abilities (6). This can be accomplished using a restriction enzyme with a short...DNA with phi29 polymerase prior to fragmentation can greatly facilitate downstream manipulations. Phi29...Phi29 polymerase is a phage-derived polymerase that can perform whole genome amplification (by a mechanism...

...biological. Even the most high-fidelity polymerases can make mistakes and lead to the accumulation of errors...errors in DNA sequences. In research, these errors can affect experimental processes, results, and subsequent...bacteria — has many points at which small errors can be introduced. Eventually, these errors could cause...originally intended. Sharing unverified plasmids can lead to far reaching consequences, from wasting time... Figure 1. Potential points where DNA errors can be introduced, indicated by exclamation marks. Error...interested in requesting one of these plasmids, you can request that it be fully sequenced by Addgene’s QC... or annotated plasmid sequences. These sequences can also be confirmed or theoretical. No matter the level...