We narrowed to 888 results for: URE

...spectrophotometer measures these absorbances using UV-transparent cuvettes. First you measure the absorbance...in. This is a “blank” and measures the background absorbance. Then you measure the absorbance of the DNA...DNA sample.  These absorbance measures give you an idea of the concentration of your DNA prep and whether...Generally, A260 of 1.0 is equivalent to 50 ug/ml pure dsDNA. Use the following formula to estimate your...as compared to spectrophotometric methods that measure all nucleic acids). These methods are more sensitive...quantified first before larger fragments. Figure 1: The quantification of a RNA ladder using capillary...sensitivity so it’s not used much. However, the measurements are made in the visible range and can be read...

...absolutely possible to use CRISPR to cure genetic disease in the near future,” Li says, though there are some... derived from iPSCs. From Rohn et al. 2018; see figure 3 for full details.    CRISPR advances in monoallelic...receptor (CFTR) by homologous recombination in cultured intestinal stem cells of patients with cystic ...When all was said and done, the researchers had cured 24 mice of their disease. Meanwhile, Hans Clevers...because the genomes of adult stem cells in organoid cultures are stable,” said Gerald Schwank, first author...off-target effects is a major limitation. The procedure will also need to be perfected until the efficiency...of repair approaches 100 percent. “We need to be sure it's accurate enough and efficient enough for repair...

...strand in Figure 1 below) was free to anneal to complementary ssDNA molecules in vitro. Figure 1: Cas9...presumptive mechanism of action are presented in Figure 2. Figure 2: Single-stranded donor DNA interaction...Understanding Cas9 biophysics enhances HDR We first measured Cas9 dissociation rates and discovered that the... of approximately 6 hours. To our surprise, we measured identical dissociation rates for catalytically...catalytically inactive dCas9 produced a “bubble” structure in uncut target DNA that was accessible to anneal...single stranded DNA. We thus wondered if such a structure could drive sequence replacement in cells. Targeting...inactive CRISPR-Cas9 using asymmetric donor DNA." Nature biotechnology (2016). PubMed PMID: 26789497.  2...

...make sure the work gets done and done well. Involving your team effectively is now your new measure of ...Setting someone up for failure by delegating is a bad idea. How do I make sure it goes well? As with ...appropriate communication between members of the team to ensure that no component of the overall project gets left...fun, but getting buy-in when delegating can help ensure successful results.  Can you provide the information...will be made that could have been prevented.  Make sure everyone understands that no question is “dumb” ...and plan changes. Written documentation helps make sure everyone is on the same page. Effective delegation... the best use of your time and skills. It also ensures that other people in the team grow and develop ...

...brightness in a system closely mimicking the future application. In figure 2 we provide an example of the comparison...spent and, if you do it right, can be (part of) figure 1 of your next paper or thesis. This series of ...protein is based on the properties found in the literature or tabulated data that summarizes properties ... and therefore high brightness is an important feature of a fluorophore. The key question is how the brightness...detector sensitivity) and the biological system (temperature, prokaryote versus eukaryote, background fluorescence...within the dish. This is caused by the stochastic nature of plasmid uptake by cells. To correct for this...2010). An explanation of the assay is depicted in figure 1. The strict correlation between the fluorescent...

...process led to quick dives back into the literature to make sure absolutely everything was correct. Final... we usually make figures in BioRender or use appropriately licensed and cited figures from papers or image...content - the useful information on scientific literature, technical skills, and experiences from thousands... Nearly everything we write entails a primary literature search to collect up to date information on the...Final touches We try to use figures and images to help illustrate our points and break up walls of text...graphic designer made most of the Antibody Guide figures. This requires a fair amount of communication between...our content team and our graphic designer to make sure things are clear, accurate, and in line with Addgene...

...interactions. ChIP works by using antibodies to capture protein:DNA complexes with antibodies specific ...your protein(s) of interest. Once the complex is captured, it is treated so that the protein and DNA are...Once you have your sample, the first step is to ensure your protein:DNA complexes will remain bound to...size, typically between 200-1000 bp. This is to ensure that your downstream analysis focuses on the DNA...the sample, introduces bias due to the selective nature of the cutting. While sonication is usually the...DNA and then determine concentration.  Protein Capture After crosslinking and sonication or enzymatic ...native proteins (so antibodies validated only for denatured proteins may not be a good choice) and the amount...

... unable to secure enough money to sustain a startup, he went to work for Flagship Ventures – a local Cambridge...in academia and industry vary drastically, he reassures that one can learn it by reading a broad variety...of materials and constantly practicing. “The expenditure of effort in preparation and practice is directly... Cambridge biotech venture capital firm with deep ties into the local academic community. However, Mike...entrepreneur must be OK with the constant fear of failure at all stages in the startup". To gain insight ...and vision for the company; this will help avoid future complications and potential conflicts that waste...takes around 1 – 2 years. The product is the measure of success. Technology is proven in (A) Productize...

...about are (1) your experimental conditions and measurements; (2) the cells you’re targeting; (3) how much...vector: serotype, promoter, and titer.     Figure 1: Flow chart depicting a) steps for selecting ...injection site than AAV2 (Watakabe et al., 2015) (Figure 1). You’ll need to consider if such properties ...goals when designing and testing your AAV.  Figure 2: Comparison of AAV serotypes 1, 2, 5, 6, 8, and...regions.  Image modified from Aschauer et al., 2013, Figure 1. Used under Creative Commons Attribution License... 2004; Taschenberger et al., 2017).     Figure 3: Comparison of two astrocyte selective promoters...neurons (NeuN). Image from Griffin et al., 2019, Figure 4. Used under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 ...

...to the system and in what order they were added. Figure 1D below demonstrates an example of a register ... in certain states of interest. For example, in Figure 2 below we present a two-input, five-state GRSM...we implement RSMs in E. coli with two plasmids (Figure 3 below): Input Plasmid: The input plasmid (high... RSM (See performance data from the indicated figures in our paper (1)) Input Plasmid Output Plasmid ...designed to have 20-30 nt length, ~60 oC annealing temperature, and ~50% GC content) so that individual parts...Ara) RSM over a time series of increasing input exposure lengths and found that two hour inductions were...each possible permuted substring of inputs (see Figure S9 of our paper (1)). We anticipate that, depending...

...are doing multiple digestion be sure that the buffers and temperature are compatible between the different...or use a different temperature (30°C) for the growth on plates and in liquid culture. If you don’t get ...mindful of the restriction enzymes you chose. Make sure that enzymes that you are using are not blocked ... few general parameters that you can adjust: temperature and time of incubation, and amount of DNA. As...a few colonies (5-10) and grow them in a small culture volume (2 or 3 ml) containing the corresponding...following steps: Do a single or double digest to be sure that the plasmid is the correct expected size and...acknowledged in hundreds of publications including Cell, Nature, and other journals.   Paolo Colombi is currently...

... achieved and the opportunities we have for the future. At Addgene we will never ever stop planning, perfecting...re meeting the challenges of DNA distribution to ensure scientists everywhere can access plasmids despite... team. We show up in both science journals like Nature and in mainstream media like The Atlantic. We’ve...working in lock step to maximize the services and features we can offer online for Addgenies and to serve...Addgenies strong. The Addgene Board of Directors is mature and poised to support our growth. Thanks to Joanna...thinking, and openness to team work.   Company culture Once in awhile I worry a very little bit about...Best Place to Work with a positive, supportive culture, we are attractive to the local employee pool and...

...systemically administered in an organism. These features make AAV ideal for human therapies and in vivo..., many of which are available in rAAVs!   Figure 1: Diagram of AAV components      Cargo capacity...gene switches, and/or serotype can also be used to ensure specificity; this is particularly helpful when ...differentiated, non-dividing cells.   Figure 2: DNA rescue and transduction of a conventional...uncoating in the target cell nucleus, this DNA structure can readily fold into transcriptionally active...double-stranded form through intra-molecular annealing. Figure and legend from Okada, 2013.   scAAV If your gene...As a starting point, we recommend checking the literature and our AAV data hub to see if others have used...

...well for applications that denature a protein to its primary (linear) structure using heat or acid, for ...Picture this: you’ve been assigned an exciting new project aimed at understanding how a critical cellular...the application-specific data provided on the manufacturer’s website. Because of how they are developed,...Take a look at the publications cited on the manufacturer’s website, which may contain more detailed data...in a single experiment then you will need to make sure that you can easily distinguish each different type...epitope target, source, and other information to make sure you’re not trying to choose between the same antibody... partners by mass spectrometry (Uhlen, 2016). Be sure that the antibody you choose has been validated ...

...review the literature and offer educated insight into what the desirable features of future technologies...communication skills, Elucidates the big picture and future directions of the project, Outlines a detailed... proposed work. Thus, every single sentence and figure must be clear, concise, meaningful, and supportive...months to give feedback on the application. Make sure to invest time and consider the reviewer's comments...grant writing comes with continual practice and exposure, here are some additional links that offer more...first grant proposal" by Soapbox Science Editor in Nature Blogs "How to write a research project grant application...

...transcription, and splicing. Nature. 2016;539(7629):452. doi:10.1038/nature20149 Jiang Q, Meng X, Meng L, ...this may still unexpectedly affect nearby genes (Figure 1A-C). Find CRISPR plasmids at Addgene! Knock-in...will terminate transcription of most of the ncRNA (Figure 1D). While this method can be time-consuming, it...-target effects (Zibitt et al. 2021).    Figure 1: A schematic illustration of CRISPR/Cas9-based...insertion of a synthetic polyadenylation (spA) signal. Figure and caption adapted from Hazan and Bester 2021....nearby genes and interact with specific chromatin structures or other local genomic elements (Hazan and Bester...CRISPR/Cas9-targeting of long non-coding RNA genes. Nature biotechnology. 2020;38(5):573. doi:10.1038/s41587...

...evenly re-absorb aqueous buffer. Be sure to check the manufacturer’s instructions for the membrane you ...companies including ThermoFisher, Millipore Sigma, and Azure Biosystems offer pre-made stripping solutions or...solution and agitate for 5–30 minutes at room temperature. The incubation time will depend on your blot... stripping solution uses heat and detergent to denature and remove antibodies but is also likely to remove...also volatile and toxic (and smells bad!), so be sure to use it under a fume hood. Rinse the membrane...Assess the stripping Now it’s time to check to make sure the antibodies from your first round of detection...remains, you may want to repeat your stripping procedure, perhaps using longer incubation times, or try...

...consider before you commit: Double check to make sure the answer to your question didn’t come with your...means their original articles are your best bet to figure out how to use a particular reagent.  We also have... improve your customer service experience: Make sure you’re contacting the correct company. This might...possible about the issue. For Addgene support, make sure to mention the plasmid catalog number, or at least...experts on every technique or experiment, but a picture of a gel or a sequencing trace file can go a long...long way in helping us understand the nature of your concern. Please be courteous. We understand how... support that I miss is that you’re never really sure what you’re going to get. There are questions that...

...excited to see that Addgene has recently added a new feature for depositing labs to its website, allowing depositors...aggregated data. Plotting the data in interactive figures is a great step up, but I needed a way to show ...Addgene Plasmid Request Data Dashboard! Figure 1: The Addgene Requests Dashboard   The dashboard...following items (Fig. 1): A row with four of the key figures Number of requests per reagents (as a horizontal...request data to the dashboard (Fig. 2).     Figure 2: Insert showing the upload function for the Addgene...depositor and the date of downloading the CSV is shown (figure 2) and the dashboard displays the data in a standardized...organization(s) is not shown on the dashboard. Key features of dashboards are (i) easy access to important...

...others (see more in Figure 2). Starting early demonstrates not only your interest to future positions, but ... Individuals that work in science policy are a treasure--they love the work and the mission so much that... Luckily, there are many mechanisms in place to ensure your effective networking---and they’re more accessible...of science with a large set of other societal pressures including economic, cultural, and political. Science...relations, advocacy, and writing legislation (see Figure 1 for career map). The beautiful part of science...more about science policy as a profession. Figure 1: Science policy can lead you to many paths! For...sabbatical year or transition away from academia as tenured professors. There’s never a bad time to start your...