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... microscope, you too can become an artist. Scientists moonlighting as artists can compete in the Nikon...modern biologists focus on one aspect alone. They can study molecules, analyze terabytes of information... of the creature they deal with.” So photography can be used as a way to better understand and appreciate...biological importance. More of Daniel's stunning work can be found on his website http://www.microworldsphotography.com...holding scientific art competitions where creations can go on display for all to enjoy. The largest competition...

...strict database design (schema).  Registered users can submit new fluorescent proteins, add data to existing..., or edit inaccuracies as they find them (anyone can register with a valid email address).  One may also... is finding information on a particular FP; this can be done directly using the search bar on the homepage...addition, the FPbase Fluorescence Spectra Viewer can be used to compare excitation and emission spectra...that specific protein (for instance: EGFP).  Users can “favorite” certain proteins, or create custom protein...comparison or ease of retrieval.  These collection pages can be kept private, or shared publicly (so feel free...fpvis.org with the proteins of your choosing!), and they can be downloaded in JSON or CSV format to quickly retrieve...

...to ensure high-quality library distribution. You can also use these tips as a starting point when you ...composition of the final recovered DNA. This bias can be counteracted by growing the cells on solid plates...for the Brunello library is shown in Figure 2. You can use a small PCR product because the plasmids in the...the same output: a spreadsheet of read counts. You can use these counts to confirm the representation of...plasmids that were amplified preferentially). You can also rank the plasmids by abundance, scaled to 1,... calculating the area under the curve (AUC), one can gain a sense of the uniformity of the library distribution...verifying pooled plasmid libraries. Pooled libraries can be a powerful research tool, but their proper use...

...position that requires travel can show that you are self organised, reliable, and can work independently. Practical...might not lead to a career you actually want, you can feel lost. Use this post to explore the wide range... employers. These skills show employers that you can fully investigate and solve a problem or complete...valuable skills acquired from a science degree that can be applied to many roles. These types of skills show...what is portrayed in the media and in films, which can often be misleading. Key aspects to determine are...and volunteer experiences, as well as work history can really show that you have some of the abilities listed...sectors such as forensics currently have too many applicants compared to the number of available roles). Make...

...essential to sharing plasmids around the globe, it can be a bit of a mystery for those who aren’t familiar...like MTAs.  Addgene does a lot to ensure that we can facilitate a fast and agile MTA process. This is ... the depositing organization signs one form that can be used for every MTA request going forward.  After...Once they've signed and returned the MTA, Addgene can move forward with shipping the material to the requestor...requestor.  Why the MTA?  The MTA process can be a bit confusing, and it’s certainly frustrating to find...Golden Stopwatch award and seek feedback as to how we can make our process easier for others.  If you’ve still...still got questions about our MTA process, you can check out our Tech Transfer Webpage, help center articles...

...and medium can all affect copy number. Some ori's are temperature sensitive; others ori's can be "tricked...result, stretches of DNA that are rich in A-T pairs can be separated more readily at lower temperatures and...balance between positive and negative regulation and can be manipulated with mutations in the replicon. For... Senior Scientist Marcy Patrick says researchers can ask themselves a few questions to get started: Will...mind that plasmids with low to medium copy numbers can still express massive amounts of protein given the...product. The E. coli strain Most E. coli strains can be used to propagate plasmids, but endA- E. coli ...

... library containing lentiviral vectors the iBARs can be detected by next generation sequencing.  In order...different lengths, the density of cells that are labeled can be altered to dense (45% of cells labeled), intermediate...sparse (4%) levels. SPARC is a versatile system that can be used in many cell types and organisms including...allow scientists to measure calcineurin dynamics and can serve as a drug-screening platform to identify new...fusions with tTALE to “stain” DNA. TALE proteins can bind specific DNA sequences which brings the attached...comparison to intercalating fluorescent dyes which can cause photo-induced DNA breakage and structural deformation...deformation or photo-induced damage. These fusions can also function in high salt conditions - up to 100...

...replicate.   How can I prevent recombination in my samples? Plasmid recombination can affect viral vectors...support team at Addgene, I get to see everything that can go wrong with a plasmid. One of the most frequent... sequences. Repeating sequences within a plasmid can undergo intramolecular DNA recombination. This naturally...recombination-prone plasmids and testing your prep can save you the headache of troubleshooting failed experiments...100 μg/mL Amp), or using more nutrient rich media can improve growth and DNA yield. Test multiple, small... plasmid and the recombined vector backbone, you can try re-streaking for single colonies and testing ...MK, Rudolph C (2019) Segmented poly(A) tails significantly reduce recombination of plasmid DNA without ...

...hybridoma cell lines can produce more than one mAb (Bradbury et al., 2018), and hybridomas can lose gene expression... be neuroscience reagents and data, the platform can be expanded for any recombinant antibody tool and...compared to polyclonal or monoclonal antibodies. You can learn more about recombinant antibodies in this blog...to create such a resource, we need your help. You can participate by depositing your plasmids encoding ...sufficient number of distributions to cover costs, which can limit expansion into new services. “We appreciate...create a fully transparent resource where researchers can easily share, edit, and access the affinity reagents...

...fluorescent proteins that can be distinguished from one another and that can be imaged with the optics...there are many fluorescent protein combinations that can be imaged together, but this also means that the ...determination of whether two fluorescent proteins can be separated from each other requires knowledge of... nm / em 474 nm) and YFP (ex 514 nm / em 527 nm) can be imaged together but CFP and GFP (ex 488 nm / em...there are techniques, like spectral unmixing, which can be used to separate the fluorescent proteins, but...particularly not the most recently published ones), they can be a good starting point. In many cases it is sufficient...

...detection can be done by the naked eye. This makes cloning quite a bit easier since you can see if your...non-specific binding to proteins can inhibit their activity. ShadowR can be used as a FRET acceptor in combination... 1). Figure 1: The sea anemone's red color can be used for mimicry. Image: Bernard Spragg. Advantages...chromoprotein, after transforming them into your cells, you can simply look for blue colonies to determine which ...other substrates for screening. Thus chromoproteins can be used as markers in cases where cost and resources...chromoproteins used in the lab come from eukaryotes, they can be difficult to directly use in bacteria, where most...’ve learned what chromoproteins are and how they can be used, why not add some color into your research...

... Cas9 can be reprogrammed to serve as a regulator of gene expression. Its catalytic domains can be mutated...genetic edits. Cas9 is a DNA binding protein that can be directed to virtually any genetic locus when complexed...break (DSB) stimulates DNA repair mechanisms that can be exploited to either inactivate a gene or introduce...this nuclease-null or “dead” Cas9 (dCas9) variant can then be fused to effector domains such as transcriptional...activity is eliminated (Fig. 1) (1, 3). The gRNA can be further modified by incorporation of an RNA hairpin...4). Taken together, these minor gRNA alterations can be exploited to quickly and inexpensively generate...benefit of the use of truncated guides is that they can be delivered into systems that already express nuclease-competent...

...Unlike gamma-retroviruses that can only infect dividing cells, lentiviruses can infect dividing and non-dividing...meaning they can be used to create virus that is capable of infecting target cells, but cannot produce any...Are retroviruses and lentiviruses the same thing? Can I package lentivirus with retroviral packaging plasmids...dividing and non-diving cells while retroviruses can only infect dividing cells. When choosing the appropriate...target cell or tissue needs to be considered. Q2: Can I use lentiviral transfer vectors for transient transfections...2nd vs. 3rd Generation Lentiviral Plasmids Q3: How can you tell 2nd- and 3rd-generation transfer vectors...requires Tat to function. Third-generation plasmids can be packaged with either system. Please note that ...

... therefore GFP cannot be downsized by deleting residues. Only about 10 amino acids can be deleted from...proteins that bind endogenous fluorescent co-factors can be used. Examples include the LOV domains that bind... GFP is sensitive to acid The chromophore of GFP can exist in a protonated and a deprotonated state (Tsien...proteins emit light. The pKa of fluorescent proteins can be accurately determined in vitro by measuring the...Chatterjee et al., 2013; Hilaire et al., 2017). GFP can only be used for tagging proteins GFP fusion proteins... interest with an additional protein module that can report on location. This approach enables the study....g. DNA, RNA, and lipids. Still, these molecules can be indirectly visualized by using protein domains...

...of error that can impact your western blot, and depending too much on normalization can amplify other ... precisely evenly across the entire blot. So how can you accurately compare different lanes? In relative...loading control. Assumption #2: The loading control can be accurately quantified In western blotting, the...qualitative interpretation of this gel is misleading. We can see why on the S-shaped curve. On the protein abundance...susceptible to error, since tiny changes in intensity can reflect massive differences in protein abundance....assumptions for different loading controls So how can you address these errors without making incorrect...loading control. Assumption #2: The loading control can be accurately quantified Most housekeeping proteins...

...our materials are available to any country that we can export to — so far, we’ve shipped materials from ...transit time for each courier we contracted with so we can always offer the fastest shipping. However, there...broadly helped increase access in the country, and we can see a growth in material distribution after we partnered... popular Chinese social media platforms.  As you can imagine, shipping to so many countries means that...distributors who have expertise in a specific country can quickly reduce a large number of barriers. Though... from visitors in 218 countries. In Table 1, you can see our most popular educational resources for each...videos, where showing exactly how to execute a step can provide needed clarity (Table 1). Our most popular...

... What I can promise is that my suggestions can help you make the best case for your candidacy. A major...what you think you can accomplish. No matter how many times I say this, candidates regularly try to convince...hesitate to email me at [email protected]." You can find his original blog post below! --Ed.  Eight ... your friend in a lab outside of your department can understand your cover letter and research statement...the experts ask you about the details and then you can display your deep knowledge of your experiments and...question is whether there is chalk. Sometimes. It can also be a slide deck, markers, etc. Chalk or markers... succinct. Slide decks leads to the opposite and can suffocate an exciting idea in a swamp of unnecessary...

...The edit in the chromosome can now take place. After editing, pTargetF can be cured from the cell by inducing...another sgRNA targeting another site of interest can be used to make other edits. Once you have all the...plasmids are cured from the cell. Steps 1-1 and 1-2 can be done simultaneously. Image from Li et al., 2021...is superior in several ways: The pEcCas plasmid can be operated at 37 ℃ for faster growth of its E. coli...required and the BsaI linearized pEcgRNA backbone can be prepared in large amounts and frozen for future...nt oligos to generate new pEcgRNA. pEcCas/pEcgRNA can be applied not only in coli K-12 strains, but also...alternative versus plasmid-based expression which can be unstable and lack precise control over copy number...

...violet light can penetrate. How can I try using photoswitchable kinases in my experiments? You can find the...of interest, but there can be a lot of static since other signaling networks can also be non-specifically...intermediate messengers. Optical control of kinase activity can provide greater spatiotemporal resolution than pharmacological...ERK KTR isn’t phosphorylated and red fluorescence can be found in the nucleus. For testing kinase inhibitors... of signaling vs the delayed effects because you can precisely control the timing of kinase activity. ...

...are a few things you can do to make the experience less stressful. First, you can make arrangements with...since one story usually has more than one theme and can be used to answer multiple types of questions. Writing...search for “questions to ask an interviewer,” you can find lists that have lots of general questions about...interviewer by looking at their LinkedIn profiles. This can help spark a more natural conversation while also...companies have relaxed dress codes for interviews. You can also ask HR for clarification on the dress code for...manager and others, if you have their emails. You can use notes you took during your interviews to help... talk for a remote interview. Fielding questions can be hard during this talk since you’ll be sharing ...