We narrowed to 863 results for: ELL

...infects host cells through binding the human angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) cell-surface receptor...antigenic drift.    Starr et al Cell. 2020. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2020.08.012  Starr et al Science...Library generation and sequencing. From Starr et al Cell., 2020. (B) Mapping antibody-escape mutations with... SARS-CoV-2 spike RBD is displayed on the yeast cell’s surface. The Bloom lab used the library to identify... candidates were validated by IP-MS using HEK293 cell lysate where the antigens would be in their native...immunoprecipitate the entire complex in three different cell lines. The Gräslund lab plans to continue their ...protection in yeast bioproduction pathways By Gabrielle Clouse Claudia Vickers’ lab has created a novel...

...Fluorescent Protein (GFP), a protein from the jellyfish Aequorea Victoria. Since that discovery, the family... localization of that biomolecule inside living cells. FPs classified by the emission color (emission ... the variants blue FP (BFP), cyan FP (CFP), and yellow FP (YFP) were derived. For a breakdown of GFP, ...467 nm Cyan 474 - 492 nm Green 499 - 519 nm Yellow 524 - 538 nm Orange 559 - 572 nm Red 574 - .... Therefore, these can be used as “timers” for cellular processes following their activation. The four... longer-wavelength filters (e.g. GFP also emits yellow light). Note that some combinations of FPs can ...Guest Blogger! Gal Haimovich, PhD, is a research fellow in the lab of Prof. Robert Singer at Albert Einstein...

... Ba/F3 and MCF10A cellular models. Ba/F3 and MCF10A are growth factor dependent cell lines and any mutations...attempting to characterize mutations in a pooled cell population, as mutations with strong phenotypic ...corresponding wild-type genes were constructed as well. They called this library the CTD2 FASMIC Plasmid...functional groups, based on how each one impacted cell viability (see figure). Most of the mutations were...to be “neutral,” having no significant effect on cell viability compared to a wild-type control. Approximately... the mutations, however, significantly increased cell viability, and these “activators” may be the direct...represented in this collection along with hundreds of less well-studied candidates. The possibilities are vast. ...

... are you’ve used a GFP derivative to conduct subcellular localization studies or make a reporter construct...shown to work in plant, Drosophila and mammalian cells, and it may find wide use in biological research...turnover rate. In many cases, however, a GFP-tagged cell line or organism has already been made, and it would...made by accident. After exciting GFP-labeled plant cells at 405 nm instead of 488 nm, Sattarzadeh et al. ...excitation at 561 nm. This imaging process worked well with the common GFP variants EGFP, mGFP4-T, and ...spontaneous conversion did not occur. Tobacco suspension cell culture with cytosol-targeted GFP. White circles...this technique may not be appropriate for high-pH cellular compartments. Sattarzadeh et al. have shown that...

...Funded by the NSF (with Co-PIs Jessica Bell, Lisa Gentile, Ellis Bell, and Amy Springer), this group now ...Poirier, V., Pellettieri, J. 2020. The exon junction complex is required for stem and progenitor cell maintenance...identifying new genes required for stem and progenitor cell maintenance in planarians in Developmental Biology...diversity and inclusion in STEM disciplines (Bangera & Brownell, 2014; Duboue et al., 2022), as they increase ... his teaching style, with the former offering excellent training in improvisation and the latter making...CURE trainee goes on to win a Nobel!   Jason Pellettieri is Professor and Chair of the Biology Department...References and Resources References Bangera, G., Brownell, S. 2014. Course-based undergraduate research ...

...functional in cultured Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells, as well as in cortical neurons in layer 2/3 of the ...recombination varies for different constructs and cell types. Second, Cre may induce recombination at pseudo...standard UAS/GAL4 system is toxic to proliferating cells. A Cre-estrogen receptor ligand binding domain-fusion...activity and specificity with low cross-reactivity, as well as low toxicity. FLP/FRT recombinases (from Saccharomyces...recombination efficiency. When expressed in neuronal cells, each line showed broad recombinase-dependent RFP...these recombinases were also active in mammalian cells. In experiments, B3 and KD were shown to be functional... damage induced by Cre recombinase in mammalian cells. Loonstra A, Voojis M, Beverloo HB, Al Allak B, ...

...optical labeling and tracking of proteins, organelles, and living cells in a spatiotemporal manner, which is...eight millimeters – not single cells (yet) but small clusters of cells. Looking ahead What’s next, you...fluorescent proteins to observe what’s happening inside cells for at least a couple of decades. Green is the classic... were lots of fluorescent proteins made from jellyfishes and corals, but all of them fluoresce outside... vivo. “One of the reasons we can’t localize one cell at a depth of one centimeter with fluorescence is...on the other hand, are larger than the size of a cell, so they scatter much less. As a result, ultrasound...brighter, more photostable, smaller, and less toxic to cells. They’d like to make near-infrared fluorescent proteins...

... Guide RNA and Target DNA. Cell 156:935–949. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2014.02.001  Ran FA, Cong ... Delivery by AAV Vectors. Cell 181:136–150 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2020.03.023 Additional Resources...acids) displayed cleavage activity in mammalian cells. SaCas9 produced indels at a similar efficiency ...package each piece into an individual AAV. When a cell is transduced by both AAVs, the full length gene...SpCas9 which had modest editing rates in HEK-293T cells when compared to the full-length SpCas9. In 2016... DBT, Gootenberg JS, Abudayyeh OO, Franklin B, Kellner MJ, Joung J, Zhang F (2017) RNA editing with CRISPR-Cas13... allows cleavage of HBB and CCR5 genes in human cells using compact expression cassettes. Sci Rep 5: ....

...if the cell dies from injury, this protein leaks out into the cytoplasm, migrates out of the cell, and ...Keytruda) causes T-cells to more easily recognize and cause the destruction of cancer cells. Pembrolizumab...cause inflammation, which can cause mesothelial cells to mutate and ultimately form cancerous tumors.  ...resection), systemic chemotherapy to kill cancerous cells that may have spread beyond the point of origin,...diagnosed so late that these treatments do not work very well. The best option in such instances is palliative...successful in killing many (if not all) of the cancer cells that may be left behind after surgery, while being...and binds cells that can begin an immune response. This important biomarker can be used to distinguish between...

...low-frequency cancer mutations from cell-free DNA fragments as well as health-related single nucleotide...Class 2 CRISPR-Cas System. Cell 163:759–771 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2015.09.038 Additional resources...similar types of HPV, HPV16 and HPV18, from human cells, at atomolar levels, within one hour. DETECTR thus...science.aaf5573 Broughton JP, Deng X, Yu G, Fasching CL, Servellita V, Singh J, Miao X, Streithorst JA, Granados ...10.1126/science.aam9321 Gootenberg JS, Abudayyeh OO, Kellner MJ, Joung J, Collins JJ, Zhang F (2018) Multiplexed...Gootenberg JS, Abudayyeh OO, Metsky HC, Durbin AF, Kellner MJ, Tan AL, Paul LM, Parham LA, Garcia KF, Barnes...of Diverse Class 2 CRISPR-Cas Systems. Molecular Cell 60:385–397 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molcel.2015.10.008...

...when working with cell culture, because it is easy to harvest large quantities of cells. However, when working...numbers of cells or when a high degree of signal to noise is desired. It also provides an excellent additional... been widely applied in many model organisms and cell lines. Although ChIP-seq is a relatively simple ...typically requires a large amount of input material, cells or tissue, to produce a strong enough signal over...protein of interest. First, nuclei from tissue or cell culture are isolated using lectin-coated magnetic...the usage of a strong detergent to permeabilize cells rather than to rely on nuclei extraction. They report...technique, specifically in terms of initial steps of cell or tissue preparation.   All in all, CUT&RUN offers...

...to infect and replicate in host cells, but they are susceptible to cells’ defense mechanisms. The use of... transposon; the plasmid is then degraded by the cell.4.) The transposase creates a double strand break...improve its gene insertion efficiency in primary cells. In 2009, Zsuzsanna Izsvak’s lab screened many SB...tranposase variants for hyperactivity in mammalian cells. Their efforts resulted in a new and improved SB...of antibiotic-resistance genes conducted in HeLa cells). In their Nature Genetics paper, the lab showed...allows the rapid generation of stable transgenic cell lines which can robustly express your gene-of-interest...Beauty transposons rapidly generate stable transgenic cell lines. Biotechnol J. 2015 Feb 4. doi: 10.1002/biot...

...transformation of healthy cells into melanoma cells. They’ll combine induced pluripotent stem cell (iPS) technology...gene appears to play a role in many cell processes involving cell membrane dynamics. When they learned...still no treatment available. Aguilar is a basic cell biologist. He got interested in Lowe Syndrome initially...the gene, it piqued their interest. They obtained cells from patients with the condition to reveal some ...explore the effect of various OCRL1 mutations on cell behavior in greater detail. The goal is not just...now plan to use CRISPR-Cas9 technology to create cell lines and/or mouse models carrying different SOX10...

...non-growing cells are orange, slow growing cells are orange-green, and fast growing cells are green. A...fluorescence. Cells expressing the library are then sorted by fluorescence-activated cell sorting into ...for serotonin. According to Unger, “serotonin is a well-known but poorly studied neuromodulator, and evidence... A second colonizer, labelled with a constitutively fluorescent reporter can also be used to track how...population. Last, Bernach will simultaneously monitor cell cycle and growth rate using TIMER and an unstable...reporter under the control of promoters that control cell cycle gene expression.  Additional Resources on...

... to express one gene in one cell type and another gene in a different cell type (6–8). Although it’s often...systematically study gene function with temporal control and cell-type specificity! The Gal4/UAS system At a more...the hedgehog gene can be overexpressed in several cell types by using different Gal4 drivers. It is much...much easier to mate flies to get the right cell type expression as opposed to making a new fly with hedgehog... Targeted gene expression as a means of altering cell fates and generating dominant phenotypes., Development...PubMed PMID: 15262411. 4. T. D. Southall, D. A. Elliott, A. H. Brand, The GAL4 System : A Versatile Toolkit...Neuro-Trauma during Asymptomatic Viral Infections, Cell Host Microbe 22, 48-60 (2017). PubMed PMID: 28704652...

... shared. Can you tell me a bit about your job? Katz: I’m the Director of Intellectual Property Programs... Board of Directors. Katz is the Director of Intellectual Property Programs at Suffolk University Law ...provides interesting and unique challenges for intellectual property lawyers. While there will always be...there will always be an interest in protecting intellectual property. Figuring out that balance is, and ...Suffolk is to help create new programmatic content as well as help our students succeed whether that be academically... Karen Katz, Esq Ms. Katz is the Director of Intellectual Property Programs at Suffolk University Law ...she was on law review. She clerked for Juan R. Torruella, U.S. First Circuit Court of Appeals. She served...

...Susceptible Subcellular imaging Improving Well-established High-throughput assays Available Well-established...luciferase assays require cell lysis as the most efficient means to disrupt the cell membrane and deliver ...catalyzes a chemical reaction in its abdomen to produce yellow-green light (Figure 2). Despite the title of this...produced. A similar approach can be used to analyze cell signaling pathways or miRNA knockdown. BRET for ...advantageous properties. This approach can improve live-cell imaging by avoiding autofluorescence and phototoxicity...can permit measurements of luminescence from live cells. Luciferase variants with incompatible substrates...

...spin down the samples to remove cell debris, which will collect in a pellet. The supernatant will contain... you may be thinking, well, these are mostly fairly standard molecular and cell biology techniques. What... Process ChIP can be done for either tissues or cells. The process is very similar for both, though tissue...Both polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies can work well in ChIP. If you’re using an antibody for the first...What’s all the fuss? Well, ChIP’s complexities come not from the techniques used, but from the difficulty...will also have to be optimized for both tissue or cell type, amount of protein, and desired fragment length...other antibody applications, this investment can well be worth it once you generate your data. However...

...genetic cargo, typically an expression construct, to cells/organisms. This is often cDNA, shRNA, or something... goal, a promoter should flank this component as well. On both sides of this promoter-gene combo are two...repeat regions in addition to their unique regions as well, though. Viral packaging and entry The genetic cargo...perform very similar functions to infiltrate the host cell and deposit viral cargo. Gene expression While AAV...what will be delivered and expressed in the host cell from the transfer plasmid. Viral packaging and entry...altered tropism of AAV to target different tissue or cell types. AAV also requires some back up from adenovirus...other. Below we will outline the common features as well as the differences within their viral elements. ...

... plot would serve you well. Percentage of cells in a parent gate (all live cells for example) that are...percentage of total live cells are GFP+. In this plot, with adjusted voltage, cells that did not receive ...example, you have introduced a GFP protein into your cells (visualized via the FITC channel) and you are trying...graphs could simply be the percentage of the total cells present in the gate.   Figure 1: Example...looking at proteins that are expressed regularly in cells and might be upregulated or downregulated based ...populations. MFI is the average brightness from all cells that are positive for the marker of interest. MFI...