...). Mycoplasmas are considered to be one of the simplest and smallest bacteria. The absence of a rigid ... of powdered media. Filtration does not ensure complete sterilization as mycoplasma can even escape 0.2... growth of mycoplasma but cannot eradicate it completely. When mycoplasmas are seen in the culture, it... changed for at least two or three days before sampling (Uphoff and Drexler, 2011). Culturing on agar... of mycoplasma. These methods cannot guarantee complete removal of mycoplasma but, can get rid of most...

...gene/target, name, application, pass/fail rating, sample species, antibody species, or whether the results... by Addgene's curation team for accuracy and completeness. The information is then formatted and published...application. The submission process is easy, with simple, descriptive fields, drop-down boxes when appropriate...can work through it at your own pace. To submit, simply click "Contribute Data."    Figure 6: Contributing...

...a world of possibilities in the engineering of complex gene networks. A comparable system for targeting... of RNA is highly desirable for extending the complexity of genetic circuits, allowing for tighter spatio-temporal... of interest. The new tool was developed and implemented by applying the Golden Gate cloning method to...in addition to their use in basic biology, for example, by targeting pathways underlying cancer or other...

...Binghamton University Cancer is one of the greatest examples of survival of the fittest. Cancer cells find ...immune response to the development of tumors is a complicated and dynamic phenomenon that is interestingly ... also known to precede cancer development, for example, inflammatory bowel disease is associated with ...the expression of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I proteins on their surfaces to avoid...and suppression of tumor-aiding cytokines, for example, will more broadly activate the immune response...

...cytometers. These fluidic machines handle biological samples and are cleaned between each use. You wouldn’t ...high-throughput and efficient way? Grenova, for example, offers automated, benchtop, high throughput washing...lab culture, but with the right incentives (for example, by grant agencies), we can shift toward a more...more sustainable one. The math on this is pretty simple: wash your tips once and you cut your tips cost ...

...recombination by KD, B2 and B3 resulted in complete or near-complete excision of the stop sequence. In contrast...toxicity, but with the caveat of partial rather than complete recombination. If you’re looking to use site-specific...this system. Gerald Rubin’s lab sought to make complex genome modifications in Drosophila using multiple...

...Scientists are excited by somewhat unusual things. For example, I am not that interested in meeting movie stars...this over 30 minutes, which was fun to watch. A simpler 1 protein - 1 RNA system Drs. Dounda and Charpentier...into one RNA to direct cleavage the result was a simpler 1 protein - 1 RNA system.  Dr. Charpentier advocated...breakthrough. In fact, the panelists agreed that, for example, the technology is already available today to cure...

... had to get used to the workspaces, as well as complete the lab safety and cybersecurity training before...project is a major project given to each intern to complete and present on.    Figure 1: Addgene's...obtain eight clones. We ran digested and undigested samples of the clones on an electrophoresis gel in order...Toj-Villagran is a rising senior in high school who just completed their summer internship at Addgene. They plan ...

...Suitability for in vivo experiments, due to their simple structure    sdAbs in research These advantages...becoming valuable tools for diverse applications. For example, RANbodies can be used as an alternative to conventional...manipulate cellular functions, like in this early example we highlighted back in 2015, where sdAbs were used...around using sdAbs in diagnostic applications. For example, fluorescently and radioactively labeled sdAbs ...

...give you the reverse sequence, complement sequence, or reverse and complement sequence.  Filter DNA tool:... tools help with that.  DNA sequence reverse complement tool: Enter a DNA sequence and the program will...DAD): This tool designs overhang sets for high complexity Golden Gate Reactions Cloning ligation reaction...

...student at Northeastern University, I am required to complete a six month work experience called a co-op to ...Thankfully, my managers set aside time for me to complete an online social media certification on social... data, and I was given a fantastic spreadsheet template to build out a report on. I was able to understand...changes to our social media strategy. We ended up implementing some of these changes and seeing early results...

...genetic screens employ various on/off switches to measure the function of a gene. For example, they eliminate...modifying the gene of interest in any way. For example, if green fluorescent protein (GFP) was the reporter...monitors due to transcriptional fusion.   Examples of promoter, enhancer, and gene traps at a genomic...

...bosses and employers. Availability of superiors for consultation, advice and brainstorming. Employees must ...Intelligence or to hone delegation skills, for example. So aside from a focus on removing obstacles, what...organizational decision-making. It is imperative that employees are thanked for their work by the words and actions...

...natural transdifferentiation is rare in mammals, an example is observed in the pancreas when excess β-cell ...1987, Davis et al. reported one of the earliest examples of transdifferentiation in vitro where treatment...vitro Both in vitro and in vivo Epigenetic marks Complete removal to convert to iPSCs and re-establishment...in science communication and publishing after completing her postdoctoral training from Massachusetts ...human induced pluripotent stem cells from urine samples. Nat Protoc, 2012. 7(12): p. 2080-9. PubMed PMID...

...gRNA are not to scale.   Let’s start with the simplest multiplexing situation: you only need to express... and two U6 promoters. To use this plasmid, you simply order oligonucleotides for your chosen gRNA target...number of gRNAs you wish to clone, from 2-7. For example, if you’re expressing 4 gRNAs, you’d use pX330A...using BsaI, and promoter-gRNA fragments are PCR amplified for cloning into one of three Zeamays codon-optimized...especially useful for combinatorial analyses. For example, if you were to develop an array using 3 distinct...

... students Collaborations may be less “complicated” - for example, easy to initiate a collaboration without...this topic, the authors state, “Both explicit and implicit aspects of today’s postdoctoral training can directly...every 3-6 years—a short and exciting ride Complicated matrix structures are common Small integrated...

...The technique relies on the basic ability of complementary basepairs adenine (A) and thymine (T) to hybridize...insert comes from using Taq polymerase for the amplification step since Taq polymerase leaves a single deoxyadenosine...deoxyadenosine (A) at the 3' ends of PCR products. The complimentary “T” in the pair comes from a topoisomerase I-linearized... add unique restriction sites on the ends) and amplify your sequence of interest with Taq polymerase using...

...research struggles in papers. They recount accomplishments in talks and interviews. They even tell short...Story Telling at work Don’t believe me? Here’s an example of storytelling to answer an informational interview...it worked out for all of us.” This is a classic example of the STAR (Situation, Task, Action, Result) interview...than I’m able to produce. But it’s also a great example of storytelling – you get context, time, cause,...

... detection methods. For example, you can provide location, titer dose (Example: 1E13 GC/mL) and subject...this resource for the community. There are a few simple steps you can take to input your data for sharing...and assessment of your experimental results. For example, if you visualized expression after AAV injection...

...Viruses are simple: a genome packaged in a protein shell (Taylor, 2014). They’re so simple that we can... even decide if they’re alive or not. Yet these simple, small particles have quite the outsized impact... been genetically modified to either limit or completely eliminate their replicative ability. The remaining...