... and transfer 100 µl of glycerol stock to each of 2 96-well microplates (identical copies, see image above...digital notebook and make sure you note the freezer location of every plasmid in your collection. Use one of...access and use the materials they need, and avoid duplicating your effort. In addition, if you should choose... important step in ensuring quality, as it will catch any errors made during the cloning, sample handling... for more tips on sequence analysis, plasmid verification, and using NCBI BLAST. Tips for high-throughput...result against the expected sequence for quick verification, which can be done through the align tab of ... plasmid verification...

...JS, Legube G, Miller KM Genes Dev. 2015 Jan 15;29(2):197-211. DNA Cross-Bridging Shapes a Single Nucleus...transcription, or DNA repair, or replication, or any number of CRISPR applications and thought “OK, but how does...pages containing lists of plasmids from the indicated publications. You can request all of these plasmids ...below pull up lists of plasmids containing the indicated gene, and you can subscribe to these pages to ...

...divided by the off-target activity. Figure 2: Specificity is the measure of off-target activity...to generate a genomic alteration at a specific location, it must be accessible by Cas9. Our previous blog...off-target activity, which may be undesirable in many applications. At the time of our first blog post on choosing...CRISPR-Cas9 to increase its specificity." Nature communications 9.1 (2018): 3048. PubMed PMID: 30082838. PubMed...CRISPR-Cas12b for human genome editing." Nature communications 10.1 (2019): 212. PubMed PMID: 30670702. PubMed...

... those that also infect the liver.    Fig. 2: Summary of the generational evolution of the AAV ...of interest and, for in vivo work, generate a dedicated transgenic line. Using zebrafish as a model organism...off-target mutations. These plasmids contain catalytically inactive dCas9 and microbial SSAPs (dCas9-SSAP...clonal multiplexing of cells in live imaging application. Each visual barcode consists of a fluorescent...transcription response element (TRE) or kinase translocation reporters (KTRs). Find visual barcode plasmids...

... high-priced commercial devices.     Fig. 2: Workflow for open software (left) vs. open hardware...convinced that most microscopy techniques can be replicated with commercially available consumer-grade components... tools has allowed the community to regularly replicate designs worldwide. Distributing hardware via globally...Hohlbein, et. al., 2022). A more open way of communicating in science brings stronger networking across...

...IgM, IgD, and IgG are deleted.     Figure 2: Isotype switching requires DNA recombination of the... Isotype controls are used in antibody-based applications including flow cytometry, immunohistochemistry...of these five isotypes, such as the number and location of disulfide bonds, the number of constant domains...

...state-of-the-art methods of sex and gender analysis and 2) provides case studies with concrete examples of how.... To remedy this, Shah et al. provide a table indicating the sex of the most commonly used cell lines ... work to be done! Researchers need to learn sophisticated methods of sex and gender analysis. Universities...

... would release them into the cytosol. Fig. 2: Endogenous sources of duplexed RNA DNA:RNA hybrids...generate dsRNA as part of their infection and/or replication process within the host. dsRNA viruses are inherently...generate dsRNA intermediates as part of the viral replication process. dsDNA viruses yield dsRNA through a ...

...biological applications. First, GMAP-compatible backbones for lentivirus LV 1-5 and retrovirus RV 2-5 were...backbone, which expresses the gRNA from a Drosophila U6:2 promoter and Cas9 from the actin 5C promoter. Addgene...engineering (MAGE) (1). MAGE uses recombineering (2) to simultaneously incorporate multiple single-strand...number of tandemly expressed gRNAs respectively) and 2) the size of the deletion. Smaller deletions generally...FAIRE-seq, and CHIP-seq), genome-wide identification and quantification of enhancer activity have remained...compartments (cytosol, Addgene catalog #71245; mitochondria, Addgene catalog #71247) Rosella provides an ...CpG methylation by fusing catalytically inactive Cas9 (dCas9) with the catalytic domain from DNA methyltransferase...

...about colony PCR in this blog post.   Figure 2: The steps of colony PCR.   Sanger sequencing Sanger... of the entire plasmid. Please note that NGS verification is more time-intensive than Sanger sequencing...

...with abundance whenever possible.      Fig 2: Try to inversely pair fluorophore strength with protein...compensation.    Working with antibodies can get a bit complicated, but hopefully this helps you successfully select...

... the transcriptional level.     Fig. 2 Tetracycline on/off promoters and modes of action ...that! CRISPR interference (CRISPRi) targets a catalytically dead Cas9 fused to a transcriptional repressor...

...take care when using this method.      Fig 2:  A, The polyhistidine tag is a string of histidine...proteins within a system. This can be pretty complicated given that a single cell has tens of thousands...single protein? Oftentimes, they rely on protein purification. In this strategy a single protein can be isolated...this blog will focus on one of the most common, purification based on the polyhistidine tag. What is the ...purity (Janknecht 1991, Hochuli 1988). In this purification approach, the metal ions are immobilized on ... incorporation of a cleavage site and a post-purification cleavage step to remove the tag in order to ...2000).  One downside of polyhistidine tag-based purification, however, is the propensity for nonspecific ...

...inside the cell,” says Pedre Pérez. Figure 2: Micrographs of the biosensor expressed in the human... Haoyi Qiu He Tian Every two years, we seek applications for awards to early career scientists using ...virtual conference attendance. We also opened up applications to research technicians and undergraduate researchers...mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase (MPST) which catalyzes the desulfuration of 3-mercaptopyruvate and generates...the chromophore that are susceptible to redox modification, the MPST hydrosulfide can be transferred to... and CNO silencing. (D) Immunohistochemistry verification of the dual virus expression in CR neurons of...where she engineers genetically encoded voltage indicators. Tian developed a video-based high-throughput...

...plasmid (Option 1) or added using PCR-based amplification (Option 2). Advantages of Golden Gate cloning Golden... work around this is to "domesticate" your fragment: PCR-based amplification can be used to create silent...and exciting applications, this system is an incredibly powerful tool for cloning complicated constructs...Type IIS sites (such as BsaI or BbsI), that are located on the outside of the cleavage site. As a result...restriction sites that may not be amenable to "domestication", you might want to consider using an alternative...high-efficiency step. References: Sequential amplification of cloned DNA as tandem multimers using class-IIS...

...Antibody Fragments. Antibodies (Basel). 2019 Apr 9;8(2):28. doi: 10.3390/antib8020028. PMID: 31544834; PMCID...re used in a number of research and clinical applications. Most of the time, when someone speaks about...deeper penetration into a tissue, useful for applications like IHC, or be able to access an epitope folded...that would size-exclude an antibody. In imaging applications, smaller affinity reagents means higher resolution...antibody’s ‘Y’. They are often used in clinical applications. Fab fragments can be created in lab in situations...Shahied, 2004). They are often used for clinical applications, including imaging.  Diabodies are ~60 kDa proteins...antibodies are still an excellent option for many applications, and frankly, if ain't broke, don't fix it!  ...

...this year. Designing the donor plasmid Figure 2: Donor plasmid design strategy. A donor plasmid contains...visit the Cell Catalog on the Allen Cell Explorer, where you can also find the certificate of analysis provided...signal that makes it hard to visualize the precise location of the protein or structure of interest. Endogenous...technology, inserting large tags into a precise location in the genome is still inefficient, particularly...from these cell lines can be found in the Cell Catalog on our data portal. The plasmids should be functional...

...156–159. https://doi.org/10.1016/0003-2697(87)90021-2 Chomczynski P, Sacchi N (2006) The single-step method...of DNA that can potentially complicate results of a downstream application such as quantitative PCR to...easier. Recently, we published a blog on DNA purification without a kit that outlined several reasons ...take care whenever doing any type of DNA or RNA purification to avoid contamination, take extra care when..., that isn’t the case for RNA extraction and purification. There is one simple method that works, and ...

...strain (which will be covered in more detail in part 2 of this blog series) controls the cell types in which...stimuli. Cre recombinase catalyzes the recombination of DNA sequences located between two loxP sites. ...in research can fall under one of two broad classifications: inbred or outbred. Inbred strains share a ...Knockout mice Knockout mice have undergone genetic modification that alters or eliminates the expression of ...can be used to invert a segment of DNA or to translocate a piece of DNA from one region of the genome ...

...neuron-astrocyte, and cancer-stromal cell pairs.   Figure 2: Schematic of the interaction between the sender cell...2021.   The potential tools fall into two categories: probes and editors. A probe array may consist...and should be varied as it can have important implications for the fusion protein effectivity), and a fluorescent...to visualize DNA, an editor targets DNA (via catalytically inactive dCas9) to modify chromatin. A fluorescent...both spatiotemporal protein degradation and quantification of this depletion using imaging-based measurements...BioTag, which can be used in protein affinity purification studies.    Duong et al., Genetics 2021. https...