... genes with a single viral vector.   Fig. 1: Schematic of multiplex gene editing with DAP array..., lengthy genetic payloads and insufficient transcription on the array have limited the scalability and...

...regarding what makes this group of researchers special: 1. Stem cell scientists care deeply about ethics Ethics...that stem cell scientists are so focused on translational research is encouraging. Patients are key to...

...region: IgM, IgD, IgG, IgE, and IgA.    Figure 1: Diagram of an antibody labeled with Fc, Fab, heavy...that helps attack extracellular pathogens.  Transportation of antibodies to places they can’t reach on...region, can be bound by special receptors that transport antibodies through cells and into different body...tears, saliva, mucus) where it protects mucosal membranes. This isotype is most commonly a dimer with a ...

...give these stabilized promoters a try. References 1. Segall-Shapiro, Thomas H., Eduardo D. Sontag, and...number during the transition to stationary phase, Segall-Shapiro et al. placed a trans-acting RepA protein...plasmids modified from pSC101 with copy numbers ranging from 3-100 per cell, a stabilized promoter buffered...

...speed: base editing before Cas lets go Figure 1: David Liu gives a talk at the Cell Symposia: Gene...induces the DNA base change without a DNA double-strand break. But base editors aren’t perfect. They may...References Gaudelli NM, Komor AC, Rees HA, Packer MS, Badran AH, Bryson DI, Liu DR (2017) Programmable base ...

...accessible to practically everyone.     Fig. 1: Open source hardware builds   Since I started...next few years, with the goal of creating more transparent and reproducible science in the long run (Hohlbein...2020) Hongquan Li, Deepak Krishnamurthy, Ethan Li, Pranav Vyas, Nibha Akireddy, Chew Chai, Manu Prakash, ...

...doesn't work for your application.      Fig. 1: Antibody Selection Flow Chart    What does validated...-independent assays such as mRNA data from transcriptomics; independent antibody strategies that compare...validation does not mean that the antibody is guaranteed to work. Antibody-based assays are complex and...

...many of which are available in rAAVs!   Figure 1: Diagram of AAV components      Cargo capacity...therapies and in vivo laboratory experiments ranging from transient gene expression in a particular cell type... Figure 2: DNA rescue and transduction of a conventional single-stranded AAV (ssAAV) and a self-complementary...genome conversion in the transduced cell nucleus, the single-to-double stranded conversion of the DNA goes...structure can readily fold into transcriptionally active double-stranded form through intra-molecular annealing...Adeno-associated virus (AAV) is a single stranded, Parvoviridae DNA virus, packaged in a non-enveloped...hijack host cell machinery, and synthesize a second strand of DNA before expression of their cargo can begin...

...internalization of two different receptors- angiotensin II type 1 receptor and the β2 adrenoceptor. GPCRs in chemogenetics...different ligands, including hormones, neurotransmitters, photons or odorants, to elicit downstream signaling...seven-(pass)-transmembrane domain receptors, due to the seven alpha helices that transverse the cellular...cell membrane. Heterotrimeric G proteins are important molecular switches in signal transduction pathways...fusion to a receptor-transcription factor fusion. TEV protease cleave the transcription factor from the receptor...initiating signaling pathways in inflammation, and neurotransmission. These receptors can be activated by an array...cellular membrane. The receptor recognizes the appropriate ligand to activate the G proteins. It is estimated...

...see how you use them in your research!  References 1.Tang, Jonathan C.Y., et al. “A nanobody-based system... to create a complete transcription factor, activating luciferase transcription. Tang et al. coined this...Connie Cepko’s lab allow researchers to activate transcription or Cre recombinase activity only in the presence...Using nanobodies to create GFP scaffolds for transcriptional activation The project began with a frustration... in their 293 cell culture system. In cells cotransfected with GFP and the GBPs, GFP linked the two GBPs...this system T-DDOG (Transcriptional Devices Dependent On GFP). In testing the specificity of their system... dsRed, mCherry, and TdTomato do not induce transcription. Thus, T-DDOGs can be used in combination with...

... trafficking of these biosensors.   Figure 1: Schematic of iGluSnFR3 (left). GluSnFR3 in pMinDisplay... from Abhi Aggarwal.   Brandán Pedre Pérez: Redox biosensors Brandán Pedre Pérez is a postdoc at... enable multiplexed imaging of neurotransmitter, calcium, and membrane voltage,” says Tian. Figure...Congratulations to the five winners! Abhi Aggarwal Brandán Pedre Pérez Elizabeth Hubbard Haoyi Qiu He Tian...hippocampal cultured neurons, imaged 14 days post-transfection, excited at 505 nm (right). Scalebar represents...hydropersulfide-propagating enzymes 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase (MPST) which catalyzes the desulfuration of...an enzyme-bound hydropersulfide that is then transferred to thiol-containing acceptors. These hydropersulfides...

... Science Find the SEND plasmids    Figure 1: SEND combines an endogenous Gag homolog, cargo RNA...Cas9 fused to the reverse transcriptase (RT), which induces two double-strand breaks and deletes the intervening...They further develop a version of SEND for gene transfer with pseudotyped viral particles, expanding options...enzyme from the Liu lab to target opposite DNA strands and specify a large intervening deletion. Not only...deletions and introduce epitope tags and RNA transcription start sites. The lab further demonstrated that...uses paired pegRNAs targeting complementary DNA strands to program large genomic deletions with or without...PEDAR is capable of correcting larger genomic rearrangements as demonstrated in a mouse model of tyrosinemia...

...for RaPID is an RNA motif of interest. See figure 1 below for details on the key components of RaPID. ...and IREB2, which post-transcriptionally regulate iron metabolism pathway transcripts. By using RaPID, Ramanathan... include both scrambled RNA motifs and cells transfected with BirA* protein alone (i.e. no RNA bait). ...changes in RC2H1 protein expression and post-transcriptional regulation of SM1v1-containing RNAs could play...often trick host proteins into binding their untranslated regions (UTRs) to aid in the viral life cycle...IRE) RNA motif of the ferritin light chain RNA transcript. IRE motifs are bound by IRE binding proteins...

...best tips beyond the basics to get you started. 1) Be visible and open to connections This is a site... Also, many people on LinkedIn don’t appreciate random requests without a personal message and they may...trolls. People don’t like to connect with complete strangers as it borders on my first rule of networking--...a useful way to build or use a network. Total strangers can’t really help or refer you. Do not ask people... lot about requesting connections to complete strangers for informational interviews. Many have had success...considered intrusive and it’s still connecting with a stranger so is highly discouraged. You should be using ...

...manipulation, there are two main decisions to make: 1. Which modification? and 2. Which viral vector should... linked to a certain behavior. It is a very old branch of science, dating back several hundred years, ...genes. A popular method uses Cre recombinase on transgenic flox animals to introduce modifications at the...Timing: High expression levels of the viral vector trangenes typically occur two weeks after injection. Therefore... after several weeks which may also depend on transgene or promoter choice. Behaviors you can study using...Stoica L, Ahmed SS, Gao G, Sena-Esteves M. Gene transfer to the CNS using recombinant adeno-associated ...

...of interest and the metal ions.      Fig. 1: A sample containing a polyhistidine tagged protein...and several contaminating proteins (blue, green, orange) flows through the Ni2+-containing resin. The protein...polyhistidine containing contaminating protein (orange). A low imidazole wash buffer disrupts the weak...polyhistidine-metal ion interaction is not disrupted by denaturants (Hochuli, 1988). In some cases, proteins can ...tag and then refolded by gradual removal of the denaturant. Not all proteins will refold once denatured,...

...incorporated at the termini of the crRNA molecule (usually 1-3 of the first 3 bps are modified) for optimal stability... 3’ end. This repeat region associates with the trans-activating crRNA (tracrRNA) which interacts with... important cellular RNA molecules with post translational modifications. One of the most common of these...targeting experiments allows you to visualize transfection efficiency and even track localization in cellular...

...antibody for a…less sensitive moment.   Fig 1: Blugene fading into darkness because they accidentally...spilling over" into another channel's detection range. Though you can compensate for this when reading...

...advantage this cycle, consider the advice below:  1. Eligibility check Scrutinize every opportunity prior...increase your competitive edge, they alone, are no guarantee of success. Don’t luck into an internship, prepare...

...sites that were previously unavailable. Figure 1: The PAM sequence that the Cas nuclease recognizes...across a number of different sites. Using a combined random and directed mutagenesis approach, the Anna Cereseto...