We narrowed to 812 results for: cha;

...complicated entities with a large range of characteristics (color, brightness, photostability, maturation...attach important references that serve to further characterize a protein of interest (and we very much appreciate...users to see when a given page has unmoderated changes and to view previous versions.  Currently, all ... plasmids Find plasmids for FRET Check out the Michael Davidson Fluorescent Protein Collection ...

...flexible work schedule the more we realize how casual chatter is very much missed in the virtual world. I believe...audience into small sessions and do a quick break to chat. This can be done randomly or manually assigning...could bring back a taste of that casual kitchen chatter, ultimately sparking new ideas. Social no-science-y...presentation will appear here, and only general chatter will be allowed with a different host each time...

...Skip to Chapter 3 for tips on how to develop your role as a lab leader, and then on to Chapter 4 for advice...the influence from his two PhD advisers who were “chalk-and-cheese”. While one was an established Professor....” Take home message Starting a lab can be a challenging process. Each PI emphasizes the importance of...

... of bioluminescence is the firefly. Along with charming nighttime displays, these insects have contributed...bright. Other luciferases have been modified to change the wavelength of light they emit or to optimize...interaction occurs, the luciferase emits its characteristic light. However, if a protein interaction brings...been used in biosensors where BRET reports on the change in conformation of a single protein. Considerations...

...overall positive charge on DNA molecules so that it can more easily cross the negatively charged cell membrane...role in bacterial evolution and is the primary mechanism by which bacteria have gained antibiotic resistance...electroporation, the application of an electrical charge to cells, to increase cell membrane permeability...

..., but they do include HEPN nuclease domains characteristic of the Cas13 superfamily. Yan et al. proceeded...Ruminococcus sp. (RspCas13d), while Konermann et al. characterized orthologs from “Anaerobic digester metagenome...Cas13a and Cas13b effectors. Like previously characterized Cas13 enzymes, CasRx also displays very high...Transcriptional Activators Learn about Cas13a (C2c2) Characterization Resources on Addgene.org: Find RNA Knockdown...

...and γ-retroviral packaging plasmids are not interchangeable. General envelope plasmids, such as VSV-G (... vice versa. Envelope plasmids may be used interchangeably. Are γ-retroviruses replication incompetent...References and resources References Swift S, Lorens J, Achacoso P, Nolan GP. Rapid production of retroviruses ...cell-based systems. Curr Protoc Immunol. 2001 May;Chapter 10:Unit 10.17C. doi: 10.1002/0471142735.im1017cs31...

...Immunologists are coming together to tackle the challenge of curing cancer in cross-disciplinary projects...projects and collaborations. Summarized by Professor Michael Karin from UCSD: “The problem with cancer research...poster sessions During the poster session I got a chance to talk with Dr. Friedmann-Morvinski about tools...27411589. 2. Todoric, Jelena, Laura Antonucci, and Michael Karin. "Targeting inflammation in cancer prevention...

...our mission, it’s also because Addgenies love any chance to nerd out over their favorite science topics....Addgenie expertise we can. We even have a Slack channel just for asking people if they can write or review...posts get out of date as techniques and knowledge changes and require updating or retiring. CRISPR/Cas9, ..., for example, has gone through rapid change in the past few years. Thus, we are constantly updating our...

...kits or ordered as synthesis modifications when purchasing your gRNA. Pro tip: modifications are typically...expression systems are constantly “on”. There is no mechanism to turn cutting off or on at a specific time. ...and you can opt to do-it-yourself with a kit or purchase it commercially synthesized with a label. Not ..., E., Satyapertiwi, D., Ramel, MC., et al. Photoswitchable gRNAs for Spatiotemporally Controlled CRSIPR-Cas-based...

...available in your machine before you make your purchase. Picking a single fluorophore for an experiment...overlap, or the signal "spilling over" into another channel's detection range. Though you can compensate for... University Flow Core. Fluorochromes Brightness Chart. Boston University Flow Core. Retrieved January ...flow-cytometry/files/2013/06/Fluorochromes-Brightness-Chart.pdf Syracuse Flow Core. Syracuse flow core spectral...

... Nat Biotechnol. 2018 PubMed PMID: 30125270. Changing the way we detect viral outbreaks Article contributed...equipment. What’s more, detection is based on color changes to the assay paper, so no special equipment or ...novel peptide ligand motifs Article contributed by Michael Lemieux  Listen to the SH3 domain podcast segment...biochemical processes. One of the largest and best characterized of these is the Src homology 3 (SH3) domain ...

...makes generation of high titer Cas9 lentiviruses challenging. This cytotoxicity also causes growth rate variability...Roth’s lab at the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill. These can be used to investigate the effects...transgene expression across different cell types (Aschauer et al., 2013). Expression of hM4D(Gi)-mCherry ...hM4D(Gi)-mCherry in fixed tissue. References 1. Aschauer DF, Kreuz S, Rumpel S. Analysis of transduction...

...computation work comes with new sets of challenges. One challenge with computational analyses is to keep... are doing what you are doing. Another common challenge is to keep track of what works, and what does ...that further helps you keep track of your exact changes. Alternatively, you can simply make a note in your...

...s Lab in 2009. From 2009 to today, Sample6 has changed focus and names, swapped leadership, and grown ...much learning, the focus of the application was changed, but Sample6 still leverages the core engineering...his co-founders raised $6 million. The biggest challenge during this time was learning to communicate effectively...better than current technology and get customers to change behavior. When you are ready to commit to the company...

...protein homodimerization is characterized by an affinity of 110 µM (Zacharias et al, 2002), meaning that... proteins reported in publications are only characterized under a limited number of conditions, often ...microscopy (University of Amsterdam). He develops, characterizes and uses genetically encoded fluorescent probes...

...restriction enzymes or vector purchases (Table 1). Restriction enzymes and vector purchases can raise the cost anywhere...one-off projects, or even save yourself hours by chatting quickly with the postdoc who’s really good at ...harder it is to throw in last minute experiments or changes. Fun fact: Addgene’s high-throughput approach means...

...scientists communicate with each other: from formal mechanisms like publishing a research article, presenting...settings like lab meetings, social media, coffee chats with potential collaborators, blogging and more....read freely by anyone and are typically free of charge for authors to post. They can be assessed and commented...authors over time, providing a public record of changes, critiques or endorsements. In contrast, journal-based...

... antibody cross-reacts to, then there is a good chance that the antibody could meet your needs.    Multiplex...will not only have peace of mind as you make your purchase but also someone to turn to for advice if you ...application.      Fig. 1: Antibody Selection Flow Chart    What does validated mean anyway? You now ...Validation!  Download our antibody selection flow chart.  References and Resources Additional Resources...

...monkeys. Surprisingly, we found that this small change made a big difference. Replacing the mCherry with...does highlight the importance of a careful characterization of transgene expression. Which tag should ...RAS-responsive adenylyl cyclase complex from Saccharomyces cerevisiae by use of an epitope addition method...Raper J, Hu X, Paré J, Bonaventura J, Richie CT, Michaelides M, Mueller SAL, Roseboom PH, Oler JA, Kalin NH...

...and ELISAs. Chromogenic reactions produce a color change, so they are typically used in microscopy-based...coupling can be achieved through several different mechanisms. Most take advantage of chemical groups intrinsically...that make up the disulfide bonds between antibody chains. 3) Endogenous carbohydrates added to antibodies...References Bendall SC, Nolan GP, Roederer M, Chattopadhyay PK (2012) A deep profiler’s guide to cytometry...

... Joanna Brownstein (our outgoing Chair) and Dave Root (incoming Chair) and our entire supportive Board...year (12% in 2018) since 2005. We’re meeting the challenges of DNA distribution to ensure scientists everywhere...happening. The Addgene team will have some fun challenges this year and I’m excited about this, but definitely...

... studying protein turnover is radioactive pulse-chase experiments. However, these experiments are problematic...synthesis: incorporation of puromycin into peptide chains." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences...PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4414919. 5. Yarmolinsky, Michael B., and L. Gabriel. "Inhibition by puromycin of...Single β-actin mRNA detection in neurons reveals a mechanism for regulating its translatability." Science 343.6169...

...CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing can result in unwanted changes at non-target sites. Means to decrease these so-called...between the non-target strand and a positively charged groove formed by the Cas9 HNH and RuvC nuclease...al reasoned that, if they decreased the positive charge in the HNH/RuvC groove, then they could weaken ...interactions between the groove and the negatively charged DNA and therefore destabilize basal strand separation...

... with Cas9 guided by different promoters. The challenge in building genetic circuits is getting enough...shape of the response function or how the output changes as a function of input. Usually that function is...enough genetic parts for complexity. We have characterized almost 600 terminators. That gives us enough... we’ve really been making tons of parts and characterizing the software to help you put it together. The...

...light-activated ion channels. Similarly, chemogenetic tools are designed channels that are chemically ...introduced in neurons and depending on the choice of channel protein, they can trigger neuronal excitation or...adeno-associated virus. Curr Protoc Microbiol. (2013); Chapter 14:Unit14D.5. PubMed PMID: 23686825. PubMed Central...

...experiments are either not accessible or too challenging for amateur scientists. Planarians, wormy creatures...cell types and for viewing how gene expression changes through time or after genetic manipulation. The...tissue sample, several washes, and temperature changes to visualize the expression of specific genes. ...genes of interest and was first discovered and characterized in an unrelated worm (C. elegans) [2]. Delivering...

...Indicate the amino acid change as well as any functional consequences of that change. For example, “Mutated... Answer “What does this plasmid do?” in <200 characters. A descriptive purpose focuses on the practical...Addgene Blog Find Articles Citing Addgene Plasmids Searchable and Sortable gRNAs for Your Next CRISPR Experiment...

...of the theme of my interview stories as the characteristic which the story demonstrates I possess.   Bullet...to present about your prior research. This is a chance to highlight your prior accomplishments and demonstrate...carefully. And even if you don’t have technical challenges, your interviewers might.  You’ll probably still...their hand to ask a question or type it into the chat. Either way, just let the interviewers know up front...

...tasks, both of which are factors in the technical challenges they can present. Many researchers find themselves... following transfection. In other words, when exchanging the medium after transfecting cells, replace ...electrostatic forces between these two negatively-charged membranes (Davis et al., 2002). Polybrene is one...306. PubMed PMID: 10634178. 8. Murnane, John P., Michael J. Yezzi, and Barbara R. Young. "Recombination ...

...the only right way, and Indecisives, who keep changing their minds and have trouble making decisions.... of your supervisor’s management style, bring challenges to his or her attention as soon as you can. It... action items. This will give your supervisor a chance to review what you have discussed and add suggestions...mutually beneficial solutions. If you package your challenges with your supervisor into learning opportunities...

...mGold2t (Lee & Lai, et al., 2025). The team characterized and deposited a variety of constructs for visualizing...perform neuronal tracing, anterograde tracing poses challenges, from non-selective anterograde transport to ...transsynaptic label based on antibody-like sensors) changes that. Developed by the Arnold Lab, ATLAS is based...or delivered separately). Figure 5: Mechanism of ATLASCre. VAMP2 = synaptobrevin 2; At = ALFA-tag...

...AAV-containing 40% fraction is collected and buffer exchanged to remove the iodixanol and concentrate the purified...or the virus can be stored at 4 °C and buffer exchanged the next day. Refer to the AAV Iodixanol Gradient...correctly. When aliquoting purified and buffer exchanged virus, remember to make one or two small aliquots...vivo use. Current protocols in molecular biology, Chapter 16, Unit 16.25. PubMed PMID: 18265393. Additional...

... 37 °C and 5% CO2 and get agitated with sudden changes in temperature (especially if you have air conditioning... to recover after they are passaged. This could change their growth rates and morphology, rendering their...numbers Keep an eye on the passage number. Cells change their growth rate and morphology at high passage...Additional Resources on the Addgene Blog The Challenges of Cell Culture Cloning Mammalian Cells with ...

...titration by qPCR.   Pro tip! An optional media exchange can be performed 12–18 hours post-transfection...the density gradient material by dialysis/buffer exchange and further concentrate the virions if needed....Lock, M., McGorray, S., Auricchio, A., Ayuso, E., Beecham, E. J., Blouin-Tavel, V., Bosch, F., Bose, M., ...., Francis, J. D., … Snyder, R. O. (2010). Characterization of a recombinant adeno-associated virus type...

...genomes, cloning vectors, and helper plasmids (Chadeuf et al., 2005, Wright et al., 2011). In fact, the... software. References and resources References Chadeuf G, Ciron C, Moullier P, Salvetti A (2005) Evidence...Redon R, Moullier P, Léger A (2015) Advanced Characterization of DNA Molecules in rAAV Vector Preparations....2015.32 Wright JF, Zelenaia O (2011) Vector Characterization Methods for Quality Control Testing of Recombinant...

...through wild populations. Whereas most genomic changes impose a fitness cost and are eliminated by natural...previous gene drive and thereby undo the genetic changes driven by the earlier intervention2. While an initial.... PubMed. Gantz, V. M. & Bier, E. The mutagenic chain reaction: A method for converting heterozygous to...10.1126/science.aaa5945. PubMed. DiCarlo, J. E., Chavez, A., Dietz, S. L., Esvelt, K. M. & Church, G. M...

...purify proteins can face any number of technical challenges depending on their protein of interest. After...After several decades of trying to address these challenges, researchers have amassed a considerable molecular...for your protein. If you’re working with an uncharacterized protein, or a protein for which a good antibody...KETAAAKFERQHMDS  1.8 Solubility and Affinity Abundance of charged and polar residues improves solubility; good for...

...has no doubt changed drastically over the past few decades. But no matter how much it changes, it will still... in one cell type but not in others. The same mechanism that allows enhancers to regulate gene expression....2021.108754 Panigrahi, A., & O'Malley, B. W. (2021). Mechanisms of enhancer action: the known and the unknown...

... electrical current recorded by the instrument changes. Base-calling software can then identify the nucleotide...nucleotide that passed through based on these characteristic drops. Figure 3: Overview of Nanopore... up the pace Our QC team constantly faces the challenge of keeping up with the large amount of QC analysis...., & Coulson, A. R. (1977). DNA sequencing with chain-terminating inhibitors. Proceedings of the National...