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We narrowed to 889 results for: ANT;

Showing: 161 - 180 of 889 results

  1. New Neuroscience Tool: The iGluSnFR3 Glutamate Sensor

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    April 7, 2022, 1:15 p.m.
    ...photostability, quantum yield, and expression. Create yellow (v82) and lime green (v857) variants differing ...for sfGFP to create SF-iGluSnFR. This improved variant has higher expression levels in bacteria and produces...models. Furthermore, they created three affinity variants – A184S (increased affinity for glutamate), S72A...Kaspar Podgorski’s lab have recently made iGluSnFR3 variants that are more sensitive and better localized for...predecessors. The detailed characterization of the new variants is available here. Upgrades to iGluSnFR3 To improve...kinetics, affinity, and ∆F/F0. Introduce the two variants in three different membrane-targeting flavors ...Improved photophysical properties The improved variants of iGluSnFR3 have higher expression levels and...

  2. Components of CRISPR/Cas9

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    Feb. 2, 2016, 5 p.m.
    ...' TTTV AsCpf1 RR variant 5' TYCV LbCpf1 RR variant 5' TYCV AsCpf1 RVR variant 5' TATV Campylobacter... PAM sequence. Cas9 Species/Variants and PAM Sequences Species/Variant of Cas9 PAM Sequence ...NGG SpCas9 D1135E variant 3' NGG (reduced NAG binding) SpCas9 VRER variant 3' NGCG SpCas9...SpCas9 EQR variant 3' NGAG SpCas9 VQR variant  3' NGAN or NGNG  xCas9 3' NG, GAA, or GAT SpCas9...general overview of CRISPR components, new Cas9 variants are being discovered all the time and the requirements...different systems can vary (for example, xCas9 is a variant with increased PAM flexibiliy and eSpCas9/SpCas9...protein required is the Cas9 endonuclease or a variant thereof. This individual protein has all the components...

  3. Designing Your Chalk Talk for the Academic Job Interview

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    March 12, 2019, 1:37 p.m.
    ...aims do not need to be grant aims. Each aim could be the basis of a single grant. Either way, think realistically...For example, “there is a significant need for healthy livers for transplants. Growth of new livers in .... Given this large sum, one might expect that applicants would work for months to hone a chalk talk. Yet...talk could be your plans for your first NIH R01 grant proposal or a 10-year research plan. I suggest preparing...research vision is your approach to resolving a significant knowledge gap in your field or even creating ...vague goal or a "what" question. For example, "we want a better understanding of the Z pathway" is vague...techniques that can help resolve the question, the anticipated outcomes, the alternative approaches, and what...

  4. Flow Cytometry Readouts: Yes, No, and Everything in Between

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    Aug. 20, 2024, 1:15 p.m.
    ... histogram plots to quantify smeary plots For smeary expressions, you can quantify shifts in signal using... cytometer and see one of two results for your antibody of interest: two clear populations or a huge smear...post, I’ll walk you through how to interpret the antibody readout on a flow plot.  Note that for the flow...performed. Before you read out your plots, you’ll want to make sure you’ve also adjusted voltage and compensated...cleaner readout. A yes-no plot If you are using an antibody to mark the presence or absence of a protein, ...anything to the right of it, marking it as GFP+. Quantification for such graphs could simply be the percentage...Figure 2: (A) a smeary dot plot showing a range of antibody readouts. (B) A gate on the smeary dot plot shows...

  5. CRISPR 101: Cytosine and Adenine Base Editors

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    Feb. 13, 2025, 2:15 p.m.
    ...So the development of near-PAMless Cas9 variants significantly expands the library of accessible genomic...Kim et al., 2017 SaBE3, BE3 PAM variants, BE3 editing window variants   Greatly expands the number of ...processes. BER = base excision repair. Note: hypoxanthine (shown) is the nucleobase component of the nucleoside...increase base editing efficiency, Komor and team wanted to force the cell to use the deaminated DNA strand...upstream of the PAM.  David Liu’s lab generated BE3 variants with other deaminases: AID, CDA1, and APOBEC3G... Liu lab also used natural and engineered Cas9 variants to develop five new base editors with distinct...HF-BE3, a base editor containing high fidelity Cas9 variant HF-Cas9 (Rees et al., 2017). HF-BE3 showed 37-fold...

  6. Enhancing CRISPR Targeting Specificity with eSpCas9, SpCas9-HF1, & HypaCas9

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    Dec. 16, 2015, 3:30 p.m.
    ...disciplines, the base technology itself is constantly improving. Cas9 variants have been modified for genome editing...), revealed that these mutants do not cause off-target effects at unanticipated sites and, as predicted...specificity of the Cas9 nuclease with engineered variants: eSpCas9, SpCas9-HF1, & HypaCas9. The off-target... that CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing can result in unwanted changes at non-target sites. Means to decrease...off-target effects” have included using a Cas9 nickase variant, lowering Cas9 expression, and truncating gRNA ...substitutions throughout the groove in 32 separate Cas9 mutants. When tested for their ability to cut the EMX1 ...embryonic kidney (HEK) cells, 11 of these initial mutants retained the on-target activity of wt Cas9 while...

  7. Replacing Paper: Tips for Choosing an Electronic lab Notebook

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    July 10, 2018, 1:08 p.m.
    ... whether respondents saw them as not important to very important. In addition, we also explored the barriers...save them significant amounts of time and effort and give the lab a serious competitive advantage.  Many...functionalities that are hard to imagine on paper, such as instant search through all saved data and automated writing...survey respondents indicated that cost was a significant barrier to ELN adoption. This includes financial... study, respondents were also asked about how important ease of use is for them (if they are to switch...ELN choice, with almost 80% rating it as very important. One comment reflected the desire for a flexible... category;”. The study also showed that It is important that an ELN supports all types of data, which ...

  8. Using Phosphoserine to Study Protein Phosphorylation

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    June 23, 2016, 2:30 p.m.
    ... This emphasizes the advantages of bona fide pSer-incorporation into recombinant proteins as an alternative...is a particularly important control when creating a phosphoserine-incorporation mutant for a residue that...low abundance, and thus difficult to purify in quantities necessary for study. Moreover, the ability to...usually depends on tools such as phosphospecific antibodies, which aren’t available for the majority of documented...it’s possible to generate non-phosphorylated recombinant protein and perform in vitro kinase reactions...establishment of a system in which purified, recombinant protein could be produced with site-specific ...lacked a classic cysteinyl tRNA synthetase, despite abundant incorporation of cysteine in their proteomes (...

  9. BeHeard Award 2018: Diseases of Glycosylation, Arginine Mutagenesis, & Neural Development

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    June 26, 2018, 1:33 p.m.
    ...diseases caused by Arg-mutant proteins, but there is currently no evidence of Arg-mutant protein rescue in ...rescue multiple Arg-mutant proteins in living baker’s yeast cells, including Arg-mutant yeast homologs of... the Rare Genomics Institute to provide plasmid grants to researchers working on rare diseases through...disorders of glycosylation Paula Videira is an Assistant Professor at the Faculty of Sciences of NOVA University...other. Indeed, nearly 20% of the single missense mutant alleles that cause human disease change Arg to ...rescues the function of even a small fraction of Arg-mutant proteins could improve health outcomes for millions...that the in vitro functions of 11 different Arg-mutant enzymes could be rescued by supplementation with...

  10. HA Frankenbody, a New Imaging Tool to Visualize Single Molecules and Nascent Peptides

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    Oct. 10, 2019, 12:41 p.m.
    ...scientists have co-opted antibodies for tagging purposes. Different antibodies bind different protein sequences...tag their proteins of interest. Antibody based probes, such as antigen-binding fragments (Fabs) (Porter...together. By combining two optimized elements of an antibody probe, scientists can now more easily visualize...amplify and image for long periods of time.  Are antibody based probes a solution? To address these limitations...HA frankenbody To combat the issues with these antibody based probes the Stasevich lab used an alternative...alternative strategy to develop a genetically encoded antibody based probe that detects the widely used HA epitope...complementarity determining regions (CDRs, or loops) of an antibody that recognize and bind specific epitopes (Ewert...

  11. Optogenetics + CRISPR, Using Light to Control Genome Editing

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    Sept. 3, 2020, 12:15 p.m.
    ...protein. Stop light! Photoactive anti-CRISPRs halt Cas9 activity Anti-CRISPR proteins are a highly diverse...our blog post: Anti-CRISPR Proteins Switch Off CRISPR-Cas Systems.  Listen to the anti-CRISPR podcast ...Light-Dependent Anti-CRISPR Bubeck et al., 2018 CASANOVA LOV2 from A. Sativa AcrIIA4 anti-CRISPR protein...Cas9 activity. The use of nickases, prime editing, anti-CRISPR proteins, and other techniques all aim to...gene expression. Both of these techniques take advantage of light-induced dimerization to activate their...C714, generating paCas9-2. This change did not significantly alter the system’s efficiency at generating ...photoactivatable repressor (dCas9). The activity of all variants was reversible and repeatable. Since these initial...

  12. Improving Transduction Efficiency with Exosome AAVs

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    March 14, 2019, 1:54 p.m.
    ...found that exo-AAVs were more resistant to neutralizing anti-AAV antibodies. This is particularly useful... to reach, and are more resistant to inactivation through anti-AAV antibodies. References György, Bence...therapeutic applications in vivo where endogenous anti-AAV antibodies often neutralize the therapeutic efficacy...spontaneously released from the producer cells into the supernatant during the production phase. However, this has...researchers discovered that these particles have some advantages over the conventionally purified AAV vectors....centrifugation steps to separate cell culture supernatant containing exo-AVVs from producer cells, and ...particles with membrane vesicles protects them from antibody recognition and inactivation (György et al., 2014...

  13. Viral Vectors 101: Inverted Terminal Repeats

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    Oct. 19, 2023, 1:15 p.m.
    ...AAV plasmids contain several important elements, but among the most important are the inverted terminal ... ITR integrity and prevent unwanted mutations?  During propagation, mutants rapidly replicate in a growth...Next-generation sequencing is also helpful in quantifying ITR mutants since analysis of individual reads allows...Adeno-associated viruses (AAV) are an important biological tool that allow scientists to express a gene...and the ITRs are retained with the gene in a recombinant AAV (rAAV) vector (Figure 1). Everything else...outside the ITRs gets left behind.    Figure 1: Recombinant AAV vector with ITRs that flank the gene cassette...modifications and types  Since ITRs are one of the most important elements of AAV and rAAV vectors, modifications...

  14. K. phaffii: Rising to the Occasion

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    April 4, 2023, 1 p.m.
    ...might want to pick a yeast strain best suited to it. Putting K. phaffii to work   The yeast giants - S....alternative model yeast strain and discuss why you may want to consider a yeast off the beaten path.   Yeast...have a human counterpart, enabling study of human-relevant pathways (Liu et al., 2017). Beyond human relevance...well as glucose or glycerol). K. phaffii is only distantly related to S. pombe and S. cerevisiae; evolutionarily...attention for its powerful promoter of a gene important for methanol usage. This gene promoter, AOX1, ..., was co-opted for the expression of recombinant proteins by the pharmaceutical and biotech industries...efficient at protein secretion, making harvesting recombinant proteins a cinch. This is because it doesn’t ...

  15. Plasmids 101: Broad Host Range Plasmids

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    April 11, 2024, 1:15 p.m.
    ...nature can inform us on how to create better recombinant vectors. In this blog post, we’ll define plasmid...harness those features to create broad host range recombinant vectors.  A plasmid’s host range is determined...phylogenetic groups (Jain and Srivastava 2013).  Recombinant vectors that are made from broad host range plasmids...host-independent   Building broad host range recombinant vectors Replicons, which consist of a plasmid...broad host range plasmids can be used to create recombinant vectors that can replicate in different bacteria...methanolicus, Methylosinus trichosporium, Myxococcus xanthus, Neisseria spp., Paracoccous denitrificans, Pseudomonas...Rhodospirillum spp., Shewanella spp., Thiobacillus spp., Xanthomonas campestris IncQ RSF1010, R300B, R1162 ...

  16. Plasmids 101: Plasmid Incompatibility

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    March 31, 2020, 1:15 p.m.
    ...incompatibility with antibiotic-resistance plasmids, scientists have expelled antibiotic resistant plasmids from...encode a negative regulation system involving antisense RNAs or iterons that inhibits replication when...number in the cell falls too low (Novcik, 1987).  Antisense RNAs encoded on the plasmid either indirectly ...plasmid increases, increased amounts of these antisense RNAs inhibit plasmid replication.   Figure...incompatibility going to affect my cloning project?  If you want to clone two plasmids within the same bacterial ... uncommon, or perhaps a synthetic biologist who wants to develop a plasmid-based tool that is easy to ...Using plasmid incompatibility for therapeutic advantage Although it may seem like plasmid incompatibility...

  17. Beyond the Blood Brain Barrier: PHP.B Enters the Central Nervous System Via the LY6A Receptor

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    July 23, 2019, 12:46 p.m.
    ... AAV9 mutants that had a small randomized peptide loop inserted in the AAV9 capsid. This mutant library...reach all regions of the CNS. PHP.B, a neurotropic variant of AAV9, is better than AAV9 at gaining access ...sequence of DNA and both identified lymphocyte antigen 6 complex (LY6A) as a receptor for PHP.B. Read ...PHP.B viruses. Creating PHP.B, a neurotropic AAV9 variant PHP.B’s specificity for C57BL/6J mice is likely...screened in vivo in C57BL/6J mice strains to identify variants that reached the CNS following IV injection. Compared...efficiency, but at a log lower dose than PHP.B.  A Ly6a variant is linked to PHP.B CNS permissiveness Both the ... labs determined LY6A, also known as stem cell antigen-1 (SCA-1), is the receptor used by PHP.B to reach...

  18. Avoiding the Dark Side of Fluorescent Protein Fusions with mOX FPs

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    Oct. 27, 2015, 3 p.m.
    ...by guest bloggers Erik L. Snapp and Lindsey M. Costantini. "You underestimate the power of the Dark Side...non-fluorescent, and misfolded FP-fusions on quantitative imaging experiments and cell physiology in general... the cytoplasm? Or more troubling, what if a significant fraction of the fusion protein molecules fail...population is not readily apparent and can confound quantitative imaging experiments or even negatively impact...fusion based on your experimental needs. Equally important, before cloning you must consider whether and ...resident proteins within these compartments undergo significant post-translational modifications including glycosylation...misfolded dark FP fusions including erroneous quantitation of fusion protein levels. It remains unclear...

  19. Protein Tagging with CRISPR/Cas9: A Conversation with Mendenhall and Myers

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    July 28, 2015, 2:30 p.m.
    ...The FLAG antibody has been well characterized and the system allows you to add this same antibody to any...known to have good antibodies. The results look almost identical. Addgene: What advantages does your system...established method called ChIP-seq. ChIP-seq relies on antibodies to recognize and bind transcription factors directly...the transcription factor. It also gives cells antibiotic resistance to neomycin so that you can select...of the proteins inside a cell have a commercial antibody against them. There’s also a question about how... solved in this CRISPR system with a universal antibody. It’s an epitope not found in human or other cells...transcription factors, but there are many reasons you might want a system like this. It’s actually surprising to ...

  20. Advice on Career Paths and the Green Card Process for International Researchers and Entrepreneurs

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    Dec. 20, 2017, 2:33 p.m.
    ...Salary –not relevant to most postdocs. Commercial successes in the performing arts- not relevant at all. ...options discussed in this post benefit from the applicant thinking about the process early, keeping good... minimum (8 U.S. Code § 1184 - Admission of nonimmigrants). The foreign worker must possess at least a... cap subject H-1B (last year less than 30% of applicants received sponsorship) then he or she can start... facility management, collaboration management, grant administration, clinical operations, and so on. ...1B petitioners are exempt from the cap if the applicant works at institutions of higher education, a related...US Immigration officers use to determine if an applicant qualifies for the National Interest Waiver. The...
Showing: 161 - 180 of 889 results