We narrowed to 849 results for: HA
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TypeGuide...studies, however, it has off-target effects. The atypical antipsychotic drug olanzapine has also been shown...is based on the human M3 muscarinic receptor and has not been used in vivo . Figure 2: DREADDs, their ...for muscarinic-receptor based DREADDs. Compound 21 has similar potency as CNO, while DCZ is more potent ...attractive alternatives for experiments. Perlapine has been previously used in human populations in Japan...luciferase-fluorescent protein fusions, to more-sensitive opsins has led to improved LMOs with increased efficiencies....
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Early Career Researcher Toolbox: Finding Relevant Papers
TypeBlog Post...version of PubMed. Key features This new version has an improved search algorithm which was trained on...your search terms. Key features Semantic Scholar has several ways to focus your search results. A bar ...paper’s entry, the number of citations that paper has is displayed at the top of the page, as well as the... -
Open Resources and Plasmid Tools For Studying C. elegans
TypeBlog Post...community has always emphasized the need for open science and collaboration. The field already has comprehensive...first virtual organism in a computer.” This project has produced various resources for the worm community... -
Simple CRISPR-based Epigenetic Editing: dCas9-directed DNA Demethylation
TypeBlog Post...the idea that DNA methylation is linked to disease has now become much like the 1980s song “Don’t Stop Believin...none existed. Recently, however, a particular tool has gained widespread popularity – and notoriety – as...may later be excised by Cre recombinase. Addgene has several great options: pLV hUbC-dCas9-T2A-GFP for... -
Antibodies 101: Choosing the Right Isotype
TypeBlog Post...a look at the secondary antibodies that your lab has on hand and choose a primary antibody that will work...secondary antibody pairing such that each target has a unique species or isotype that can be probed with...polyclonal primary antibodies. I hope this post has explained when and why antibody isotypes matter and... -
Hot Plasmids and Viral Preps - January 2021
TypeBlog Post...Cas12a. This is in part due to the fact that it only has a single active site. The RuvC active site in Casɸ...rely on multiple active sites. In addition, Casɸ has a minimal PAM requirement. For instance, for Casɸ...library here A new SaCas9 ABE variant (microABEI744) has improved on-target editing efficiency and reduced... -
Savvy Advocates Needed to Navigate a Scientific Enterprise in Flux
TypeBlog Post... a raise in salary, particularly given that this has precipitated increases to the NIH recommended pay...both of these changes share a common thread that has the potential to profoundly shift the academic science...rather than as trainees in a special category, as has been the ‘labor-of-love’ philosophy of academic science... -
Illuminating Epigenetics with A FRET Based Biosensor
TypeBlog Post...Epigenetics has recently been hitting the headlines, with sotires like the potential devastation of the...them. Global hypomethylation, on the other hand, has also been implicated in the development and progression...difficult to overcome until now. Alice Ting’s lab has developed a new, plasmid-based biosensor to visualise... -
The Materials Science of Optogenetics Experiments
TypeBlog Post... In the video above, Channelrhodopsin 2 (Chr2) has been expressed in the motor cortex of a mouse. Upon...appropriate wavelength to stimulate your opsin. Each opsin has an excitation spectrum (use the resources discussed...controlled. As discussed above, each opsin variant has slightly different activation/inactivation kinetics... -
7 Simple Strategies to Resolve Conflicts with Difficult Supervisors
TypeBlog Post...your supervisor’s expectations Every supervisor has their own management style. A hands-on supervisor...agree with all of your ideas, but he or she probably has reasons for it. Do not take criticism personally ... of Finish Your Thesis, an online community that has supported thousands of graduate students since 2009... -
Editor's Choice, August 2016
TypeBlog Post... Our Editor's Choice Blog Posts The Addgene Blog has had quite the up-tick in views over the month of ...recommend taking a look at all of our posts as each one has something great to offer, I just need to get back... -
CRISPR Guide
TypeGuide.... Cas9 nickase (Cas9n), a D10A mutant of SpCas9, has one active nuclease domain and one inactivated one... available. SaCas9 (from Staphylococcus aureus ) has a coding sequence ~1 kb shorter than SpCas9 while... SpCas9. FrCas9 (from Faecalibaculum rodentium ) has increased fidelity, and recognizes NNTA, a PAM sequence... create the adenine base editor. The TadA domain has also been further evolved to catalyze cytidine deamination...editing requires more optimization and typically has lower efficiency (< 50%) than base editing (> 90%...modifications to eliminate target gene function. It has also been used extensively to screen for novel genes... those for yeast or drosophila . Although CRISPR has been less widely used in bacteria due to technical... -
Mycoplasma Contamination: Where Does It Come From and How to Prevent It
TypeBlog Post...facilities, tissue culture labs and every cell culturist has to deal with this problem. It is estimated that mycoplasma...this induces a noticeable color change. This method has high sensitivity but low specificity (Degeling, 2012...affect the cell growth and viability. If mycoplasma has made permanent damage to the cell culture it is irreparable...Institute of Biosciences and Technology in India. Jadhav has a Master's degree in Molecular Biology (University... -
Antibodies 101: The Basics of Western Blotting
TypeBlog Post...top of the resolving gel. A stacking gel typically has a different ionic strength and lower pH and acrylamide...Choosing your primary antibody Once the membrane has been blocked, it is stained with a primary antibody...the vendor’s website and choose an antibody that has been validated for immunoblotting. Different immunoassays..., cytoplasm and nucleus. We hope that this blog has provided you with a good overview of the western ... -
Plasmids 101: Repressible Promoters
TypeBlog Post...developed for use in mammalian cells, this system has also been implemented in a variety of other organisms...Drosophila cells. Work by Wei et al. from Kang Shen’s lab has also shown that the Q system is also functional in...elegans. Subsequent work by the Luo and Potter labs has refined the Q system and introduced the second generation...multiple genes in synthetic systems. Recent work has even used all 3 in a single modular vector for ease... -
Is this the right place for me? 8 tactics for choosing a lab
TypeBlog Post...the group? Has it grown over time? If not, why not? It may not be a bad thing if the lab has stayed that...purpose, but it could also be a sign that the lab head has trouble attracting scientists. To get a better idea...intervenes if there are interpersonal conflicts PI has no idea who is dating whom Expanding your skillset... -
CRISPR 101: Engineering the Plant Genome Using CRISPR/Cas9
TypeBlog Post...last updated Dec 22, 2020 by Benoit Giquel. CRISPR has taken the genome engineering world by storm owing...that regulate a desired phenotype. In fact, CRISPR has already been used to engineer the genome of many ...to protoplast cells (plant cells whose cell wall has been removed). Another common delivery method is ...developed for plants and prime editing for plants has been developed for rice by Yiping Qi’s lab and for... -
Inside Addgene's 10 Year Anniversary Gala
TypeBlog Post...sharing plasmids has become simplified through Addgene. Looking back, Addgene’s journey has been a tough ... -
From our Table to Yours: An Inside Look at Lunch at Addgene
TypeBlog Post...Hack Day lunches These days everyone is busy and has a To-Do list long enough that there is no hope of...Cross-team “Random Lunches” With more employees, Addgene has naturally divided into smaller functional teams. ... -
Lentivirus Production
TypeProtocol...10 min and then recheck the pH to ensure that it has not drifted. Filter the solution through a 0.22 μm... -
Colony Formation Titering Assay
TypeProtocol...mL) x dilution factor e.g., If the 1:100,000 well has 75 colonies, then there are 75 colonies /1.5 mL x... -
CRISPR Activators: A Comparison Between dCas9-VP64, SAM, SunTag, VPR, and More!
TypeBlog Post...methods for CRISPR activation, research in the area has continued to develop. These newer methods have not... of rearranging chromatin structure. This method has shown higher activation levels than SAM in some loci...-HSF activation domains used in SAM. This method has been shown to activate genes at 2- to 3-fold higher... -
Mobile-CRISPRi: Bringing CRISPRi to Diverse Bacteria
TypeBlog Post...interference (CRISPRi) has been limited to lab-adapted bacteria because it has been challenging to introduce...the bacterial Tn7 transposon system. This system has two parts: a plasmid expressing the Tn7 transposition... -
CrispyCrunch: High-throughput Design and Analysis of CRISPR+HDR Experiments
TypeBlog Post...looked hard at existing tools. As has been written here on Addgene, there has been a Cambrian-like explosion...high-throughput design and analysis of CRISPR experiments. It has certainly boosted our productivity in the Biohub.... -
Quick Guide to Working with Drosophila Part 1: Getting Started with Flies
TypeBlog Post...DRSC/TRiP- Functional Genomics Resources website has in vitro reagents and tools to help you knock down...tools. The Vienna Drosophila Resource Center also has collections of flies for in vivo gene knock down ...finishing his immunology PhD at Harvard University. He has had nearly a decade of experience working with Drosophila... -
Deep Dive: Fixing and Permeabilizing for Immunofluorescence
TypeBlog Post...Triton X-100, Tween-20, or saponin. Each detergent has different chemical properties that will impact the...always look at your antibody datasheet to see if it has been tested in IF and if a protocol is available....an effective strategy. (This article on fixation has some more examples to help choose which fixative ... -
Hot Plasmids and Viral Preps - May 2021
TypeBlog Post...pathways By Gabrielle Clouse Claudia Vickers’ lab has created a novel nanocompartment for transporting ...Staphylococcus lugdunensis that recognizes a NNGG PAM and has comparable activity to SaCas9. A new yeast inducible...that is smaller and easier to deliver, but so far has few inhibitors identified. New from the viral... -
Viral Vectors 101: Voltage Indicators
TypeBlog Post...available VSDs has been successful even at the single neuron level in vitro. In vivo monitoring has also been...biosensors, and generally as biological tools, our blog has you covered. Happy voltage sensing! Figure... -
Common Injection Routes in Mice
TypeBlog Post... of practice to ensure the proper injection site has been located and to avoid potential off-target pokes...researcher preferences. It sounds complicated but has a pretty low learning curve! Restraint: scruffing...: intermediate Your decision Hopefully this post has provided a good introduction to common injection ... -
PITChing MMEJ as an Alternative Route for Gene Editing
TypeBlog Post...vectors. Addgene depositor Takashi Yamamoto’s lab has harnessed MMEJ to create a new method for CRISPR ...of the sequence between the microhomologies.MMEJ has certain advantages over HDR. Some species don’t have...the pathogenic fungus Aspergillus fumigatus, which has been difficult to modify due to NHEJ’s dominance ... -
Antibody Validation for Flow Cytometry
TypeBlog Post...expensive, it may be helpful to find an antibody that has already been validated for flow cytometry through...Characterization through Open Science) initiative has now started producing flow cytometry characterization...overexpression. Additionally, if the cell line used has endogenous levels of expression, this can make the...TIM-1 (Single pass type-1 membrane protein), which has been designated CD365 in the most recent HLDA workshop...as part of the YCharOS open science ecosystem. It has received in-kind support to produce this data from... -
Using Ultrasound to Image Bacteria in vivo: Acoustic Reporter Genes
TypeBlog Post...bacteria in real time, but each of these reporters has its drawbacks. Acoustic reporter genes (ARGs) overcome... can colonize the mammalian intestinal tract and has been used for 100 years to clinically treat enteric... -
ReFigure: Save Scientific Figures into Dashboards and Share Your Insights
TypeBlog Post...about whether Natronobacterium gregoryi Argonaute has any DNA editing functionality Collecting preclinical...extension also tells readers if a paper they’re reading has been linked in a ReFigure making it easy for others... -
Working 9-5: an Addgene Co-op
TypeBlog Post...cooperative education experience (co-op) is what has brought me, a second year bioengineering student,... that remote work would feel isolating, but that has not been the case for me at Addgene. There is a clear... -
Cellosaurus: A Cell Line Information Database
TypeBlog Post...manipulated, its anatomical origin, if cell line has ever been the target of an ‘-omics’ study or is resistant...can be used in some cases, but much of this work has required manually going through the pdfs of the 26,000... -
Embracing Serendipity: A Crucial Element in the PhD Journey
TypeBlog Post...research and PhD studies, there lies a hidden gem that has the potential to redefine the course of one's research...inspiration. Additionally, journaling in the morning has proven invaluable for me, allowing me to pinpoint... -
pSiM24: Simplifying Plant Genetic Engineering
TypeBlog Post...preparation in E. coli. Addgene depositor Indu Maiti has created a new and versatile binary Ti vector for ...mosaic virus, the constitutively active M24 promoter has been modified with duplicated enhancer domains and... -
Future of Research Conference - Remarkable Opening Session
TypeBlog Post...keynote speaker, Dr. Henry Bourne (shown in photo), has been speaking out and writing about issues in our...the same time, he pointed out, academic research has some big problems resulting from past practices and... -
SpyLigase Irreversibly Locks Peptides Together for Efficient Cell Capture
TypeBlog Post...form only weak and reversible bonds. Howarth’s team has already demonstrated in their PNAS paper that SpyLigase...discovered the domain. It is small, highly stable and has this amazing chemistry locking the domain together... -
Advice for Choosing a Research Project
TypeBlog Post...research project can take several years to complete and has multiple benchmarks. Think about what your personal...Have a look at what others have done recently that has been a big hit, and especially look at the new tools...