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Showing: 441 - 480 of 986 results

  1. Clear and Accessible Writing

    Type
    Blog Post
    ... visitors with information about images that a sighted reader would glean from the image itself.  As we...impaired readers receive the same information as sighted readers.    Figure 1: An image from AAV...image, we thought it would be most helpful to highlight the technical details of collecting the purified... passage of supernatant through each layer. The right panel illustrates a gradient tube before and after...

  2. Plasmids 101: Sequence and Ligation Independent Cloning (SLIC)

    Type
    Blog Post
    ...mixture of products or from incomplete PCR — although higher DNA concentrations are needed for this method to...retain products with single-stranded overhangs (right branch). The mixed PCR and incomplete PCR methods...with two 5′ overhangs, so these approaches require higher concentrations of insert to succeed. 5′ overhangs... showed that a five-piece assembly reaction was highly efficient (~80%) with 40-bp homology regions. Ten-fragment...method also based on homologous recombination. The higher temperature at which Gibson assembly takes place...

  3. Sharing is Caring: But How to Distribute Open Hardware?

    Type
    Blog Post
    ...Since its early years, the light microscope has been a powerful tool in almost all disciplines. In biology... cells, has become an established alternative to high-priced commercial devices.     Fig. 2: Workflow...Workflow for open software (left) vs. open hardware (right).    Taking this all together, the essential...open hardware. Upper left panel shows the path of light through a microscope. Lower left panel shows an ...differentiating monocyte with planes and hardware to it. Right panel shows workflow of open hardware.    Conclusion...

  4. How Addgene Creates Content

    Type
    Blog Post
    ...surprise then that a lot of our subject matter comes straight from you, whether you realize it or not! Many ...what basic information someone new to antibodies might need to successfully start using them at the bench...bench, along with questions we thought they might have as they go. The guide was then assigned to our science...deeper expertise of our antibody team to rely on. High-impact content like the antibody guide always gets...sketch a western blot out quickly." Final design (right). Immediate and immense regret of the graphic designer...

  5. Plasmids 101: Screens vs. Selections

    Type
    Blog Post
    ...does this actually look like? For a selection, you might put cells into a drug-containing media in which ...scientific question can help determine which is right for you. Screen variations Forward and reverse screens...method you choose to assess traits of interest is highly specific to your scientific question. Things to... assay system include: How specific is it? Is it high throughput? Will it be sensitive enough? No one ...screens Selections sound like a great shortcut, right? Who would ever do a screen when a selection can...

  6. Cas13d: Small RNA-targeting CRISPR enzymes for transcriptome engineering

    Type
    Blog Post
    ...RNA without altering the genome, but Cas13s have higher on-target specificity. New work from Konermann ...package in low-capacity vectors! These small, but mighty type VI-D enzymes are the latest tools in the transcriptome...including Cas13d-specific regulatory proteins and high targeting efficiency, both of which are described...Cas13d deposit here). Konermann et al.: CasRx is a highly potent, specific editor in mammalian cells Not ...characterized Cas13 enzymes, CasRx also displays very high on-target efficiency; where shRNA treatment produced...

  7. Transferable Skills Guide: Cross-team Communication

    Type
    Blog Post
    ...conference you’re attending and who approaches you. You might also have cross-team projects within your own lab... errors in our LIMS tracking system. Though you might not have to communicate with a team of software ...document, I update the training frequently. In hindsight, getting a list of frequently used words like ...everyone on the same page. Others in the meeting might also have the same question and asking can help ..., meetings will be shorter and more productive. Higher Productivity. Taking active measures in improving...

  8. Reproducibility for Everyone: Lessons from an Open Science Collaboration

    Type
    Blog Post
    ... and international team assembled the right people at the right time. Be inclusive and seek solutions...Teytelman’s vast network and ability to identify the right opportunities, he was able to bring together talented... email the team. Acknowledgements One of the highlights of 2018 for me was to collaborate with this incredibly...

  9. Antibodies 101: Secondary Antibodies

    Type
    Blog Post
    ...direct approach (left) versus the indirect approach (right). Primary antibodies are represented in blue; secondary... purple; signaling molecules are represented in light green; and proteins are represented in orange. Created...only benefit of secondary antibodies. Finding the right primary antibody for your assay and protein of interest...antibodies are different species and/or isotypes. For highly multiplexed assays, using secondary antibodies ... gel-based method identifies proteins solely by weight and size, relying on the signaling molecule solely...

  10. Supporting Rare Disease Research with the 2020 BeHEARD Awards

    Type
    Blog Post
    ...research. Congratulations to the winners! Below, we highlight their research and how they will use plasmids ...research into CCDS. The brain and muscles have a high metabolic demand that is powered by ATP. A molecule...bicuspid aortic valve at a rate that is 50-100 times higher than women in the general population,” says Dr.... and can lead to cardiac developmental defects. Eight genes from the X chromosome are expressed at significantly...

  11. Plasmid Tools for Microbiome Studies

    Type
    Blog Post
    ...growth of diverse species. These results further highlight the need for in situ genetic tools for microbiome...Yeast Toolkit by replacing the backbone vector’s high-copy number bacterial ColE1 origin with the RSF1010...microbial population dynamics in the gut can provide insight into how the microbiome responds to infection, ...on the assembly of fluorescent proteins into one bright particle that segregates into one cell during cell...

  12. Giving gRNAs a Facelift - Synthetic and Beyond

    Type
    Blog Post
    ...the entire editing system with a simple LED light. Lighting up your gRNA with fluorescent dyes In a scientific... nucleic acids with N-methyl substitutions are slightly more efficient and less toxic to mammalian cells...less than a minute of exposure to the appropriate light. The photoactivatable counterpart to this system...unable to engage a target sequence. Upon a brief light exposure (several seconds) the gRNA is released ...

  13. To Each HIS Own

    Type
    Blog Post
    .... The protein of interest is then eluted using a high imidazole buffer that outcompetes the interaction...protein but not that of the protein of interest. A high imidazole elution buffer disrupts the interaction...concentration of imidazole used in the wash buffer should be high enough to disrupt contaminant-metal ion binding ...therefore more selective. When using systems with higher levels of histidine-containing protein contamination... histidine residues that are present, the more tightly the protein will bind to the metal ion substrate...

  14. Hot Plasmids April 2018 - Protein Degradation, Nanoscopy, FIRE-Cas9, and Yeast Expression Tools

    Type
    Blog Post
    ...Every few months we highlight a subset of the new plasmids in the repository through our hot plasmids...Chemistry for his contributions to super-resolution light microscopy, comes from his recent Nature Communications...difficult to study in living cells using conventional light microscopy due to their small size (<250 nm), and...probes had to target endosomes, be exceptionally bright (which is necessary for effective STED), and be...

  15. Pairing CombiGEM and CRISPR for Combinatorial Genetic Screening

    Type
    Blog Post
    ...Methods to scale up multiplexed CRISPR systems for high-throughput screening are vastly useful for mapping...CombiGEM uses iterative one-pot reactions with straightforward restriction digestion and ligation steps to... by sequencing its set of barcodes. CombiGEM is highly flexible and can accommodate any genetic elements...Central PMCID: PMC4253859. 4. Hart, Traver, et al. "High-Resolution CRISPR Screens Reveal Fitness Genes and...PMC3972032. 10. Wong, Alan SL, et al. "Massively parallel high-order combinatorial genetics in human cells." Nature...

  16. Plasmids 101: Golden Gate Cloning

    Type
    Blog Post
    ..., these problems can be overcome by screening a higher number of potential clones. Golden Gate assembly...constructs with an attB recombination scar encoding eight amino acids, but Golden Gate assembly can be designed...that may not be amenable to "domestication", you might want to consider using an alternative method like... for cloning complicated constructs in a single, high-efficiency step. References: Sequential amplification...one pot, one step, precision cloning method with high throughput capability. Engler C, Kandzia R, Marillonnet...

  17. Antibody Validation for Flow Cytometry

    Type
    Blog Post
    ...cell lines to the -omics data. The cell lines with higher expression of the target protein, as determined...expression, are often preferred for this approach. A highly selective antibody should be able to detect even...only be able to detect the target protein at the high levels caused by overexpression. Additionally, if...clones The antibody validation process represents a high level of effort and time, which may not be available... & ABIF Consortium. (2024). A guide to selecting high-performing antibodies for Synaptotagmin-1 (Uniprot....15467 Virk, H. S., Rekas, M. Z., Biddle, M. S., Wright, A. K. A., Sousa, J., Weston, C. A., Chachi, L....

  18. A New Generation of Adenine Base Editors Improves Editing in Primary Human Cells

    Type
    Blog Post
    ...of the ABE8s ranged from 1.5x higher for positions A5-A7 to 3.2x higher for positions A3-A4 and A8-A10...synthetic library of TadA sequences to create the eighth generation of adenine base editors, called ABE8... in variants named “ABE8.x”: “8” stands for the eighth round of ABE evolution and the “x” is the placeholder...editing frequencies. For applications that require high DNA editing specificity, for example for potential...

  19. Early Career Researcher Toolbox: Finding Relevant Papers

    Type
    Blog Post
    ...installment of the Early Career Researcher Toolbox will highlight four tools for finding journal articles related...summary of the topic and a chronological list of highly cited papers that contain your search term. When...of the page, as well as the number of citations highly influenced by this paper. Influence is measured...number of publications that heavily cite, or are highly influenced by the author. You can also see who ...

  20. Plasmids 101: In-house NGS Plasmid Quality Control Now at Addgene

    Type
    Blog Post
    ...possible by the use of our high-throughput DNA isolation process that yields high-quality isolated DNA samples... on our ability to provide requesting scientists high quality data! Addgene's new in-house NGS process...be familiar with our efforts to ensure access to high quality, ready-to-use viral preps and pooled libraries...Konermann S, Gootenberg JS, Abudayyeh OO, Platt RJ, Brigham MD, Sanjana NE, Zhang F (2017) Genome-scale CRISPR-Cas9...

  21. Open Resources and Plasmid Tools For Studying C. elegans

    Type
    Blog Post
    ...expression and degradation. These workshops not only highlighted new tools but also included time for questions...presented at the C. elegans meeting. Here I’ll highlight a few toolkits that we have available at Addgene..., and Erik M. Jorgensen. "SapTrap, a toolkit for high-throughput CRISPR/Cas9 gene modification in Caenorhabditis...

  22. Rabies and Neuronal Tracing

    Type
    Blog Post
    ...these high levels of viral replication are toxic. Second, infecting subsequently higher and higher order...transmission occur, spreading the virus through higher and higher order neural connections. While this transsynaptic...

  23. Lab Automation at Addgene

    Type
    Blog Post
    ...Updated Apr 6, 2021. If you’re doing high throughput work, it’s likely that you come into the lab wishing...transformation One protocol that has been automated is high throughput transformation. With our ever growing...the deck of the Biomek. The FXP id also able to do high throughput DNA preps and other molecular work if... through this process. With enough agar and the right program, the liquid handler can fill 400 vials in...hand. How can you start automating your lab? You might not be doing enough transformations, minipreps, ...

  24. Quickest Way to Deposit Plasmids: The Deposit Spreadsheet

    Type
    Blog Post
    ...above, or other. High or Low Copy Choose from: high or low copy. Choose “high copy” if a sufficient...standard cloning strain DH5α. For plasmids with highly repetitive sequences (prone to recombination in...Example of the deposit spreadsheet showing the first eight columns and a pop-up instruction box for the “Purpose...

  25. Savvy Advocates Needed to Navigate a Scientific Enterprise in Flux

    Type
    Blog Post
    ...of unionization continues to be a polarizing one. High-profile universities remain outspoken in their opposition...FLSA changes, including finding money in already tight lab budgets and even simply being able to categorize...salary perspective, while this is a move in the right direction, the increase notably still does not meet...Workshop 2016 At past symposia, FoR worked to highlight some of the problems facing postdocs and graduate...

  26. No Llamas Required - Synthetic Nanobodies Against Membrane Proteins

    Type
    Blog Post
    ...chains and two small light chains that stick out to form the “arms” holding the highly variable regions that...membrane proteins that may unfold due to camelid high body temperature (37.2 - 39.2°C). The Seeger lab...References Geertsma ER (2013) FX Cloning: A Versatile High-Throughput Cloning System for Characterization of...resources on the Addgene blog Opto-Nanobodies: Using Light to Manipulate Cell Signaling and Protein Purification...

  27. PCR Applications for Copy Number Variation Assays

    Type
    Blog Post
    ..., and so on and so forth. This also serves as a light technical control - an RQ value of 1.5 means you...quencher to quantify specific amplicons.  Sybr has high background noise, due to the large amount of dsDNA...DNA and the length of the amplicon and it has a higher rate of false positives (Colborn, 2008; Harridan...number of factors will determine which approach is right for your experiment. You’ll have to consider:  ...analysis of copy number variants based on real-time LightCycler PCR. Curr Protoc Hum Genet. 2014;80:7.21.1-7.21...

  28. The AAVantages of AAV in CRISPR Screens

    Type
    Blog Post
    ... vivo CRISPR screens. AAV vectors can be made at high titers equal to those achieved with lentivirus but...less involved setup when working with mice and slightly less red tape for approval processes. Additionally... means you can customize your CRISPR screen to a high degree. This is particularly helpful when investigating...Breakefield, X. O., Maguire, C. A., & György, B. (2019). High levels of AAV vector integration into CRISPR-induced...screening by AAV episome-sequencing (CrAAVe-seq) is a highly scalable cell type-specificin vivoscreening platform...

  29. AAV Vector Quality Control: Going the Extra Mile with NGS

    Type
    Blog Post
    ...quality. To make sure our AAV vectors are of the highest quality, we undertake a rigorous quality control...vectors, and helper plasmids (Chadeuf et al., 2005, Wright et al., 2011). In fact, the majority of hits come...samples from 0.1-20% and discovered that, with a high enough sequencing depth, we could detect contamination...with exquisite detail (Lecomte et al., 2015). This higher level of quality control is recommended but not...Acids 4:e260 . https://doi.org/10.1038/mtna.2015.32 Wright JF, Zelenaia O (2011) Vector Characterization Methods...

  30. Viral Vectors 101: Producing Your rAAV

    Type
    Blog Post
    ...using a high-speed ultracentrifuge. During the spin, the virions will form a band due to their high density...nationwide where you can obtain excellent quality, high titer rAAV (including Addgene!), but you can also...terminal repeats (ITR). You should always have a high-quality plasmid standard and rAAV reference material...Zen, Z., Espinoza, Y., Bleu, T., Sommer, J. M., & Wright, J. F. (2004). Infectious titer assay for adeno-associated...

  31. Pooled Library Amplifications

    Type
    Blog Post
    ... backbone might be more prone to recombination, while a library with a large backbone might be more difficult...to ensure the highest possible transformation efficiency. Using Stbl4 or other ultra-high efficiency cells...specifically calculated based on the size of and weight of your library plasmids. As long as you achieve...

  32. Transferable Skills Guide: Managing a Team

    Type
    Blog Post
    ...Addgene we've set out to fill this gap by both highlighting that researchers do learn MANY transferable ...the lab and by offering advice on areas where you might need some help. Today in our transferable skills...you will have a much better chance of creating a high-performing team - which is every manager’s dream... a weekly basis! The silence and maybe even the slight awkwardness can spur people to speak up. Once aware...

  33. Addgene's Cancer Collection Pages Connect the Research Community

    Type
    Blog Post
    ...cells to grow and divide only at the right times and in the right places. Checks and balances: protecting...proteins naturally lack areas that are accessible, high-affinity binding targets for potential therapeutic...therapeutic agents. Nevertheless, a glimmer of light remains for this elusive target. Recent improvements in ...results and customize the small molecules for a higher affinity fit. Kevan Shokat’s group at the University...

  34. AAVs in Retinal Gene Therapy

    Type
    Blog Post
    ...now, 2 decades later, is it finally back in the limelight. On December 19, 2017 the FDA approved Luxturna... brought all these key elements together at the right time and place. But it is the hard work and persistence...immunogenicity is critical when systemic delivery of high doses of vectors are needed. Additionally, AAVs ...ultra-rare ocular diseases are being benched due to the high cost of clinical development. As a result, Luk Vandenberghe...8. Trapani I and Auricchio A., 2018. Seeing the Light after 25 Years of Retinal Gene Therapy. Trends Mol...

  35. Uncovering Ancestral Bias in CRISPR Research

    Type
    Blog Post
    ...ancestry groups rather than self-reported race, it highlights the myriad issues researchers need to reflect...associated dependencies across ancestry groups (right).    Seeking an explanation  First, they looked...guides from being designed that target regions with high genomic variability.   Moving forward It took a ...Stephanie M. Fullerton et al. Getting genetic ancestry right for science and society." Science 376, (2022): 250...

  36. Transferable Skills Guide: Identifying Your Transferable Skills

    Type
    Blog Post
    ...project she needs one of you to lead. At first you might think, “I’m not a leader,” because you don’t see...you. How is this new opportunity much different? Might you already have leadership skills that are just...and develop your nascent leadership skills. You might just find that you’re more of a leader than you ...External collaborators For further advice on highlighting your transferable skills in that big job interview...

  37. CRISPR Between the Genes: How to Experiment with Enhancers and Epigenomics

    Type
    Blog Post
    ...excluding Starbucks. Taking a nerdy perspective, you might denote your search as follows: (my_house + coffee...math illustrated. Intersect (left) and set minus (right). Enhancers are regions of DNA that demonstrate...enhancers, check out the Appendix. Conclusion: Shedding light on dark matter Precise knowledge of which stretches... courtesy of beyondthedish (left) and biobabel (right). People commonly think of DNA as a linear polymer...meters long. You twist and roll the string into a tight ball. Now the two ends of the string, instead of...

  38. CRISPR Antimicrobials

    Type
    Blog Post
    ... may be just the method needed to jumpstart the fight against antibiotic resistance. Advantages of CRISPR... despite this resistance gene being encoded by a high-copy plasmid. In the case of the genomically encoded...distinct beta-lactam resistance genes, again with very high specificity. This double phage system both favors...bacteria. In mixed populations, their phages were highly specific for certain bacteria, just like the CRISPR...new strategy can help us win back ground in the fight against bacterial superbugs. References 1. Citorik...

  39. Cpf1: A New Tool for CRISPR Genome Editing

    Type
    Blog Post
    ... species, Zetsche et al. hypothesized that Cpf1 might represent a functional CRISPR nuclease that could... cleaves relatively far away from the PAM, NHEJ might retain the PAM site. Therefore, if HDR does not ...possibly mediate HDR. This “second chance” mechanism might improve the frequency of desired HDR edits, but ...editing efficiency for the Cpf1 orthologs was only slightly lower than that of the widely used SpCas9 and ...that AsCpf1’s off-target rate is similar to that of high fidelity Cas9s eSpCas9 and SpCas9-HF1. Both AsCpf1...

  40. The Importance of a Fun Workplace: Company Culture at Addgene

    Type
    Blog Post
    ...has drastically increased, it would have been a tight squeeze for all of us to fit in Joanne’s back yard...discovered my hidden talent in Ladder Ball... there might be a possibility it was just beginner’s luck, but... (only if it’s cool with your legal department) right in your breakroom. 5. Throw some physical activity...you have a very intricate itinerary, there is a higher likelihood that something will go awry. Don’t plan... My grandma used the old adage “many hands make light work” all the time. She was a wise lady for many...
Showing: 441 - 480 of 986 results