...disadvantages of luminescence versus fluorescence.  Table 1: Properties of Luminescence versus Fluorescence...Secreted Luminous shrimp(Oplophorus gracilirostris) 455 19 Coelenterazine None Yes Luminous Japanese... the emission of photons. The most familiar bioluminescent organism for most people is the firefly (Photinus...surprisingly it is also the most commonly used bioluminescent reporter. This beetle emits a yellow-green ...as substrates. Production of photons by this bioluminescent reporter occurs slower than fluorescent-based...the different mechanisms to produce photons, chemiluminescent reporters are generally less bright than fluorescent...Fluorescence   Luminescence Fluorescence Source of Emitted Photons Chemical reaction High-energy photons...

.... coli strains. Increase the volume Starting with a larger culture volume can improve plasmid yield. Our...yields. Why would volume make a difference? In the simplest of terms, more volume = more cells = more plasmid...plasmid. When increasing the culture volume, be aware that a higher volume of lysate passed over the binding... prep. Check the bacterial strain Increase the volume Improve the culture media Let it incubate Check... Our lab often doubles the volume of culture used for inoculation if we get inadequate plasmid DNA yields...purify! Additionally, if you've reached your lysate volume limits, the copy number of some origins of replication...indicate the number of cells present in the given volume.  Let oxygen in! Make sure your culture is getting...

... common chemiluminescent methods for detection (though the enzymes used for chemiluminescence can be conjugated...classes of reporters: chemiluminescence enzymes and fluorescent proteins. Chemiluminescence enzymes are cheap...agents. Chemiluminescence kits When activating your enzyme, make sure to choose a chemilumescence kit appropriately...multiplexing, and the solutions used to provide the chemilumescence may be light-sensitive. They also have a poor... after the reaction has started. Types of chemiluminescence enzymes The two most common enzymes are horseradish...have a ten-fold greater dynamic range than chemiluminescence enzymes, making it easier to accurately visualize...loss of signal. While not as sensitive as chemiluminescence enzymes, they are more likely to be compatible...

...Location: tail vein or retro-orbitally Gauge: 27–30 Volume: < 0.2 ml Skill required: beginner (retro-orbital...scruffing Location: peritoneal cavity Gauge: 25–27 Volume: < 2–3 ml Skill required: intermediate Intramuscular...mechanical restraint Location: thigh Gauge: 25–27 Volume: < 0.02–0.05 ml Skill required: beginner Subcutaneous...restraint Location: back or hind legs Gauge: 25–27 Volume: < 2–3 ml (~1 ml per site) Skill required: beginner...anesthesia Location: between skin layers Gauge: 26 Volume: < 0.05 ml Skill required: advanced Intrathecal...Restraint: anesthesia Location: spinal cord Gauge: 30 Volume: up to 0.01 ml (10 µl) Skill required: expert ...Location: trachea Gauge (tracheal tubing): 23–20 Volume: < 0.07 ml Skill required: advanced Intranasal ...

...concentrate in a smaller volume. Consequently, you will end up with a considerably lower volume than with the unconcentrated...polyethyleneimine, calcium phosphate or liposomal methods), the volume of the reaction, and the timing and number of harvests...ultracentrifugation, centrifugation on a sucrose gradient, spin columns, and polyethylene glycol (PEG) precipitation. All...this in mind, if the experiment requires a certain volume of virus, consider scaling up by either increasing...require some initial optimization; cell number, media volume, and plasmid concentrations will need to be optimized...number, plasmid concentration, and experimental volumes accordingly. While you may need to make some final... you don’t anticipate that you will need large volumes of lentivirus routinely, you may opt for simply...

...molecules within a volume. In many biological research situations, the relevant volume is that of the cell...molecules are homogenously distributed throughout the volume and can freely tumble in 720°. However, if the ...structures including organized smooth endoplasmic reticulum (OSER) whorls. 2)A dimerizing protein of interest...For a membrane POI localized to the endoplasmic reticulum, the normally spiderweb-like pattern of tubules...membranes termed Organized Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum or OSER if a dimerizing FP is fused to the POI...describing the FPs above including molecular sizing columns and native gels fail to detect EGFP dimerization...control of secretory proteins in the Endoplasmic Reticulum and live cell imaging approaches. Erik is also...

...restricting fluorescence to specific excitation volumes to enhance spatial contrast (i.e. optical sectioning... light exits the microscope objective evenly illuminating the entire (wide) field of view. Fluorescent...and focused onto a camera for visualization. Illuminating a sample in the opposite direction to fluorescence...fluorescence collection is referred to as “Epi” illumination. Therefore these are sometimes call Epi-fluorescence...location in the sample. As more than one hole is illuminated at a time, the image can be acquired more quickly...project excitation light through the entire axial volume of a sample. Therefore, when a large number of ...constantly exposed to light, not just those in the focal volume. This leads to more rapid photobleaching and a ...

...organized format.  Columns. You can choose from either a two, three, or four column style, and in all ...; the reader will navigate the poster from column to column left-to-right, which is the natural way that...success of this style is clear borders around your columns, and good spacing between them so that they are... some Powerpoint based templates with different column numbers for a good starting point. Adobe also offers...central box is then flanked by two equally-sized columns, where the introduction, methods, conclusions, ...horizontally. Instead of displaying your information as columns, you may choose to display it as rows. It can be...

...CRISPR/Cas9 for gene disruption in M. abscessus  Bioluminescent reporter of mechanical forces   Epitope tag...e0033523. https://doi.org/10.1128/jb.00335-23.  Bioluminescent reporting of mechanical forces with PILATeS...expressed separately) assemble and catalyze the luminescence reaction (Figure 5). The researchers used the.... Upon binding, LgBiT and BiT Tag catalyze a luminescent reaction with the substrate furimazine. Right...coverslip creates mechanical tension, and the luminescence colocalizes with the focal adhesion marker paxillin...compatible with common microscopy methods. Plus, the luminescence wavelength (460 nm) is shorter than many popular... (510 nm), allowing co-imaging. And because bioluminescent markers do not need to be excited by an external...

...Protein Plasmids & Resources You May Also Like... Luminescence: Luciferase Plasmids Blog: Which FP Should I...

...in-stock AAV preps are affordable, available in small volumes, and ready to ship. All viral vector preps are ...

... Overview CRISPR Cre-lox TALENs Zinc Fingers Luminescence Fluorescent Proteins Luciferase Optogenetics...

...on this service. DNA Service Details Amount 2 µg Volume 20 µl Concentration 100 ng/µl (± 5ng/µl) Buffer...

...Spelman focused a laser beam into a thin sheet to illuminate a fluorescent sample and captured the reflected... lens oriented perpendicular to the plane of illumination (i.e. light sheet).  This is in contrast to ...described the single-plane or selective-plane illumination microscope (SPIM). In order to improve axial...the laser light sheet, typically 2-6  microns, illuminates only one thin plane of the sample surrounding....  One limitation of LSFMs using single side illumination, especially with large tissue, is that any obstacles...concentration of fluorophores) cast shadows along the illumination path. The shadows appear as stripes in the acquired... (5).  A way to get around this problem is to illuminate and acquire images of a sample from two opposing...

...incorporate more science and technology into the school curriculum. Our Parent Teacher Association (PTA) has been...been instrumental in supplementing that curriculum. It’s through the PTA that I recently started coordinating...Lab Middle school: supplementing the science curriculum Sharing my expertise with our district middle...tried contacting our school district’s science curriculum coordinator with minimal luck, but eventually...speaking on topics that would compliment the STEM curriculum. As it happened, I’d met some of the 8th grade...said “it was such a valuable extension to our curriculum and offered engaging examples of how understanding... who work hard maintaining a current, dynamic curriculum, would be hard-pressed to maintain the pace of...

...Luminescent molecules are very useful tools because we can easily detect and measure the light they emit...emit. Proteins that give off light include chemiluminescent proteins, like luciferases, as well as fluorescent...Protein (GFP). These molecules occur naturally in bioluminescent organisms, but their real power lies in the...interesting. Although humans have known about bioluminescent organisms and their characteristic radiance..., in the 1960s, Osamu Shimomura studied the bioluminescent properties observed in the crystal jellyfish...Lukyanov realized that, although they are not bioluminescent, some types of corals and anemones are vibrantly...

...to as many lab alumni as you can or schedule video/calls if they are not local. Alumni meetings can be... too long or do they leave prematurely? Do lab alumni stay in the same field taking projects with them...remaining close colleagues of the PI? Or do lab alumni leave the field or get pushed out by the PI? What...One scientist who followed my advice to interview alumni of the lab was told that the PI removed a woman... happen to you. As you speak to lab members and alumni, don’t ever disregard warning signs of unethical...supporting career development and growth. Have lab alumni gone into both academic and non-academic careers...

...YFP and use an affinity column for purification. After binding YFP to the column, you wash several times... use OptoNBs. You fill a column with OptoNB coated beads and wrap the column with blue LED lights. When...their target protein is altered by blue light illumination. This ability to reversibly bind and release...pathway. What’s next for OptoNBs? While OptoNBs illuminate a path to light-controlled protein binding, they...

...kits and lesson plans adapted from her own MIT curriculum. Drawing on current questions being asked in ...field of STEM education worldwide. The BioBuilder curriculum is now taught in almost every state in the U....BioBuilder experience With its intentionally malleable curriculum, BioBuilder takes cutting-edge research projects... as a final project. BioBuilder’s open-access curriculum begins with students reading comic strips and...their hands-on experiments.  As a project-based curriculum, BioBuilder expands learning outcomes by emphasizing... by O’Reilly Media. BioBuilder's open-access curriculum available on Amazon Inspire.    Many thanks...

...bind the IgG heavy chain. Running the serum over a column of resin crosslinked to protein A /G will bind ... antigen. In this case, the serum is run over a column containing the target protein, and any antibody...recognizing the target protein remains bound to the column while the rest of the proteins are eluted. Then...Then, the antibodies are dissociated from the column and from the target protein. Pre-adsorption Finally... pre-adsorb the antibodies, pass them through a column containing immobilized serum protein from other...-react with the serum proteins pass through the column, resulting in a polyclonal antibody population ...