... from their original sources. Figure 1: Biological repositories that distribute mouse strains, plasmids... plasmids, cell lines, and much more have been critical for pandemic research. Image from Reproducibility...Cell Bank, part of the National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health, and Nutrition in Japan. These... available to scientists around the world. This scale of production and distribution is possible due to...research, and mechanisms to maintain and grow these critical organizations should be a fundamental part of ... SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV with implications for clinical manifestations, transmissibility, and laboratory...

... Social distancing? Many people are now calling this “physical distancing” since it’s important to stay...resources collated by Addgenies to help you keep calm and science on. Practice self-care and stay connected...in these is a great way to support your favorite local exercise spot or find something new. We usually ...message for some people. We should recommend #PhysicalDistancing. Social interactions and #social support ... COVID-19. You can also give back by supporting local businesses (ex: purchasing a gift card to use later...

...algorithms are trained on vast amounts of data to calculate the relative immunogenicity score (Mattei et.al... evaluation of ‌therapeutic immunogenicity is typically performed using traditional 2D assays with immune...inform decisions about in vivo application and clinical testing. This would pave the way for improved ...in Macaca fascicularis: From Manufacturing to Preclinical Studies. In J. Bluemel, S. Korte, E. Schenck,...F. Weinbauer (Eds.), The Nonhuman Primate in Nonclinical Drug Development and Safety Assessment (pp. 519...2016). Antidrug Antibody Formation in Oncology: Clinical Relevance and Challenges. The oncologist, 21(10...

... transcription on the array have limited the scalability and efficiency of multiplex gene editing. Moreover... fused base editors (nCas9-BE), as Cas9 is mechanistically more favored for efficient base editing. They...been used for multiplex Cas9-nuclease editing. Typically, a single array encoding the tandemly assembled...released by endogenous tRNA processing machineries, specifically, RNaseZ and RNaseP. Although the Gao Lab demonstrated...loci MPE with similar high efficiencies, which is scalable for a higher number of MPE. Therapeutic potential...drive and process the tRNA-gRNA arrays, which is scalable and efficient in plasmid and viral vectors. In...

...Musicophilia includes case studies of relevant neurological atypicalities, including a patient with amusia - the...capture the attention of even the most skeptical reader of historical fiction (I can personally attest to...Science is a terrifying and equally good wake up call about the science of race."     - Joanne Kamens,...Strange & Mr. Norrell by Susanna Clarke "A quasi-historical/fantasy fiction. Two dueling magicians in the...

...targeted cell ablation via ROS is achieved through localized expression of the FAP. A new photosensitizer:...the main advantages of MG-2I-dL5** over other genetically encoded photosensitizers is that it works with... ROS because NIR light doesn’t excite natural biological chromophores found in cells.  He et al also show...compared MG-2I-dL5** head-to-head with KillerRed, a genetically encoded red fluorescent photosensitizer protein...Watkins, S. C., . . . Bruchez, M. P. (2016). A genetically targetable near-infrared photosensitizer. Nature...Chepurnykh, T. V., . . . Lukyanov, K. A. (2005). A genetically encoded photosensitizer. Nature Biotechnology...

... Connie Cepko (Harvard Medical School), and Dr. George Church (Harvard Medical School) for taking the ...environment? Does the group expect each other to be physically present at certain times during the day? We asked...history in science. Potential graduate students typically go through a rotation, which reveals their working...job satisfaction (especially for scientists and technical people) is linked to engagement and access to ... "chaotic" and offer less micromanaging, they typically offer more flexibility in choosing direction of...

...such as plasmids) into mammalian cells, a process called transfection. Transfection is somewhat comparable... way. Selection methods, described below, are typically employed when creating stable cell lines and are...respectively). Therefore, it is not always mission critical to make sure the plasmid replicates in the cell...   ***The concentration used for selection is typically more (double) than that used for maintenance of...usually achieved by performing a "kill curve" (basically growing cells in various concentrations of the...resistance; however, like gentamicin, neomycin is typically used to suppress bacterial growth. The selection...

...specific subcellular localization peptide. By combining three different localization peptides with four ... for example).  Given that the liver is an immunologically active organ, this advance is likely to afford...off-target mutations. These plasmids contain catalytically inactive dCas9 and microbial SSAPs (dCas9-SSAP...system. dCas9-SSAP will make the editing of kilobase-scaled sequences more efficient and less risky.   ...plex mixed-subclone system using mStrawberry, localization peptides, and reporters that drive the expression...

...variables - your approach, your workflow, or your physical setup - to prevent the mistake, just like you ...differently.  Tools to Try  Checklists Found in surgical suites, air fields, and military bases, checklists...light-sensitive reagents” or “re-sterilize now.” Have a physical copy of the protocol when you work and make a ...time to do them carefully and thoroughly. Have a physical copy on hand as you run your experiments. Try ...your plate maps onto your plates, alongside your physical copy. If you’ve got messy handwriting, reach for...accuracy.  Bench setup Small adjustments in the physical organization of your workspace and your workflow...

...This process is called α-complementation. The system described above was put to practical use in the following...well-characterized bacterial lac operon contains a gene called lacZ that encodes for the enzyme β-galactosidase...β-galactosidase enzyme can break down a dye-linked substrate called x-gal (5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl-β-D-galacto-pyranoside...deleting a section from the lacZ gene (a mutation called lacZΔM15) creates a non-functional β-galactosidase...Providing DNA encoding this section of amino acids (called the α-peptide) to a lacZΔM15-mutant bacterial cell...

...proteins yet they still share many of the same technical advantages that come with working with prokaryotes...mutation. Yeast expression plasmids used in the lab typically contain all the necessary components to allow ...are small independent chromosomes and are thus typically found as a single copy. Unlike the ARS vectors...promote replication.  Selection markers for yeast Historically, scientists have utilized auxotrophic selection...plasmid may be expressed at higher than normal physiological levels due to high copy numbers. This creates...the presence of the selection marker at non-physiological levels. Scientists have tried varied approaches...

...manipulating interneurons using a viral approach Genetically modified organisms like transgenic mice are important...a synthetic red fluorescent protein variant they call mScarlet. Bindels et al used a combination of deliberate... cell physiology and molecular processes via genetically encoded proteins. PhoCl is a new member of this... such as an NLS or NES, enables control over localization. Inserting PhoCl between an enzyme and an inhibitor...experiment, check out our recent guest blog series: A Practical Approach to Choosing the B(right)est Fluorescent...investigated an aspect of telomere length regulation called telomere trimming and have proposed a role for ..., Li and colleagues observed endogenous TZAP localization at telomeres and found that TZAP binds directly...

...limitation and allows for the flexible design and small scale production of antibodies. Problems with antibodies...instead of via recombinant DNA, they can’t be genetically tagged and instead are conjugated to reporters...labeled tyramide molecule into a highly reactive radical, which is then covalently linked to residues within...however, compatible with most multi-labeling immunohistochemical protocols where either a directly labeled... required for detection RANbody is detected enzymatically with HRP substrate More sensitive than detecting...RANbodies) as versatile, small, sensitive immunohistochemical reagents. PNAS. PubMed PMID: 29440485. Additional...

...composed of four peptide chains (two identical heavy chains and two identical light chains) each with a constant...antibodies means that it is relatively easy to physically divide up the different regions, both through...joined by a linker peptide, resulting in a product called a single-chain Fragment Variable (scFv). Size: ...samples more efficiently and can also improve localization accuracy when used in super-resolution microscopy...David vs. Goliath: The Structure, Function, and Clinical Prospects of Antibody Fragments. Antibodies 8(...

... audience and convey your ideas clearly and strategically is powerful in almost any career. It allows ...my head. What came out, though, was an incredibly calm: “Excuse me, I seem to have lost my place. I need... the open windows in the middle of your talk. Technical difficulties turn your slide deck into a chalk...everyone! Everybody makes mistakes, encounters technical difficulties, and runs into unexpected stumbling..., to a group of peers who are there to provide critical feedback, often with a semi-international audience...your own native language. And, at least in the biomedical field, with very little text on the slides and...

...your knowledge at local schools. Or work as a guide in local museums, zoos or botanical gardens. You can...unusual setting: Discuss your latest research in a local pub at a Pint of Science event. Or get on stage ...to reach young people? Try networking with your local education community. Get involved in education advocacy...communication organisation like Building with Biology. Local environmental groups, charities and NGOs are often...

... have a quiet place to take your video call.  Expect technical difficulties. To try and circumvent this...ago. I just recently started working in the pharmaceuticals industry after earning my Master’s in 2016 ...presentation as an opportunity to demonstrate technical and transferable skills that make you qualified...perfect science talk Be prepared for potential technical difficulties. Have your presentation on a flash...from HR carefully. And even if you don’t have technical challenges, your interviewers might.  You’ll probably...

...Mother Nature’s toolbox. Natural plasmids, also called environmental plasmids, are all around us! A plasmid...carrying genes for bacterial toxins like colicin typically also carry the necessary resistance genes to help...cells survive their own secretions. Pro tip! Historically, colicin-producing plasmids have been referred...which strains of E. coli contain this F plasmid is critical for successful Gateway cloning. In addition, scientists... Vogel, T. M., & Simonet, P. (2001). Laboratory-scale evidence for lightning-mediated gene transfer in...Characteristics and Potential Applications in Biotechnology. Critical Reviews in Biotechnology, 24(4), 155–208. https...

... be used for measuring protein expression or localization in cells, or even single-particle tracking of...named according to the number of strands in the canonical beta-barrel structure. Most frequently, the proteins...fluorescence complementation analysis under physiological conditions. Shyu YJ, Liu H, Deng X, Hu CD. Biotechniques...fluorescent proteins as tags and biosensors for multiscale imaging. Shcherbakova et al. Nat Commun. 2016...split-FP options. While the BiFC interaction is typically irreversible and requires some time for chromophore...