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... understand which brain regions communicate with each other and how they do it (i.e. where the signals...two pathways also use different cytoskeletal machineries to facilitate transport: retrograde transport...Mouse Brain Connectivity Atlas website. A similar approach was used by researchers from the Janelia Campus...interaction with uptake or intracellular transport machinery. Addgene offers viral preparations of AAV2-retro...vectors. Improved neuronal tracing could also be achieved by using optogenetically controlled transgenes...tools for the field of gene therapy if they can reach the affected part of the brain in a less invasive...neuromuscular diseases it would be desirable to achieve transgene delivery by targeting peripheral structures...

...By Susanna Bachle and Matt Takvorian When COVID-19 researchers started working with us to help them share...fighting the pandemic could be even more impactful by reaching more scientists. Many members of the scientific...were willing and able to listen to Addgene’s new approach of working with the industry-based scientific ...industry scientists. This partnership complemented each other's strengths: Ginkgo Bioworks’ infrastructure...like to make them available to industry, please reach out at [email protected] and we will initiate...

... doing research in their undergraduate years. We each have a unique “origin story,” but taking the first...Assistant Professor, Associate Professor Sometimes teaches graduate and/or undergraduate classes Postdoctoral...Research assistant Typically has a Master's or Bachelor's degree Generally a short-term position (1-2 years...seek out science that genuinely excites them, and reach out to the PI to get involved. It not only demonstrates...researchers, as well as graduate students (your teaching assistants), about their experiences. Research...fulfilling scientific career. Please feel free to reach out to me with any questions about my experience...

...to stars in space ships and the rise of killer machines that exterminate entire humanity were the two ...homologous recombination with a repair template.  Each zinc finger recognizes a nucleotide triplet and ...simultaneously to increase specificity. This modular approach made ZFNs highly appealing to researchers.  TALENs... amino acid recognition sites had to be designed each time we wanted to target new genomic sites. The ... technologies rely on the cellular DNA repair machinery, which can lead to high frequency of indel formation... the use of molecular dynamics simulations and machine learning to develop a predictive understanding ...

...Chemogenetic approaches excel at broad tissue or system-wide targeting, as the ligand can reach target cells... subcellular regions of a neuron. Optogenetic approaches excel at discrete cell or tissue-subregion targeting...also requires that light of the correct wavelength reach receptors in the brain. One way to address this ...chemogenetics. Note that, as with all tools, both approaches suffer from unique sets of off-target side-effects...

... Flexibility to manage their personal lives to achieve a healthy work-life balance. It is harder to manage...responsibilities, which might include training or teaching others, research, and policy development. Every... Need feedback on their work but prefer to be approached as peers rather than subordinates Need mental... manager does best to identify the work style of each team member) Need challenging work, opportunities...Successful Manager's Handbook: Develop Yourself, Coach Others ...

...PIs who were previously featured in "9 Tips to Achieve Success in Academia". Important factors to consider...What techniques and skills do you need to use to reach these milestones? Can you get assistance from people...project that combines an exciting new method or approach with another in a way not done before in your ... technology to identify a problem, asking what approach will I take and what can I learn, learning the...importance of choosing a solid research topic and approach. At Addgene, we've heard of labs where new hires...

...replicates for each of the gRNAs. The idea was to assign four different barcodes to each of the gRNAs and...sgRNA iBAR library Article contributed by Susanna Bachle Figure 1: Initial steps in the CRISPR-pooled...sequences. This allowed tracing of the performance of each gRNA multiple times within the same experiment by...can bind specific DNA sequences which brings the attached fluorescent protein to the DNA. They created plasmids...

...alone.  And a longstanding inclination to be a teacher was looking for an outlet. I started asking people...terms on a couple of very broad topic domains, but each day brings in new and surprisingly diverse manuscripts...with authors and referees. And I am constantly teaching – often explaining a technical piece of research...about, for example, how to use new technologies to reach the right audiences and how open access affects ...Review and Scientific Publication, where diverse approaches to peer review were discussed. Science communication...

...career coach might be able to help you. Head Addgenie Joanne Kamens explains what career coaches do and... research, we hope we can help all researchers achieve happiness in their careers regardless of their ...by non-homologous end joining (NHEJ). 7. Career Coaching for Scientists: Why and Where Do I Find One? ...and offers up some career coach suggestions. 8. A Match Made in Heaven: CRISPR/Cas9 and AAV Adeno-associated...

... of a given tRNA to achieve the highest efficiencies of multiplex editing at each site. A 75-nt human ...in pairing with base editing and prime editing approaches. Recently, Xue Sherry Gao’s lab at Rice University...gRNAs are released by endogenous tRNA processing machineries, specifically, RNaseZ and RNaseP. Although the...also engineered a DAP array for prime editing, achieving up to 3-loci MPE with similar high efficiencies...

... these plasmids are amplified and none are lost. Each Addgene library has its own depositor transformation...counteracted by growing the cells on solid plates, where each transformant forms its own colony, uninfluenced ...straightforward – you need to count how many times each of the library components is found in the read list...counts will give you a bell curve of the abundance of each component of your library. You should look for two...’ll agree with me that they look very similar to each other - that’s exactly what we want! At the end ...

...   Limitations of the in silico approach The in silico approach cannot replicate the complexity of ...Better together Combining in silico and in vitro approaches enables researchers to develop safer and more... somewhat act like a 2-step verification. All approaches have their own limitations. Using methods together...of precision medicine in the future.   Madhura Acharya is a former co-op and current Scientist, DNA Sequencing...

...to treat each lane with a different concentration of your reagent. Be aware that this approach requires...Alternatively, you can run a reagent gradient. In this approach, you’ll run the same protein concentration in ...from the membrane (2) and the membrane is cut so each lane is its own piece (3). After incubation, blocking...some evidence that antibodies may need longer to reach their maximum binding, so feel free to trial even.../reprobing) Check for antibody signaling after each round of stripping* Use a harsher stripping ...  Rachel Leeson...

...huge innovation, there was a limitation to this approach. CBEs and ABEs are base transition editors. They...were included in the CGBE. They also developed a machine learning model capable of predicting editing outcomes...GBEs), Xueli Zhang’s lab, returned with a unique approach to improving C → G editing. Instead of fusing ...abasic site. In this post, it refers to the same approach as a CGBE. BER Base Excision Repair A cellular... CRISPRi screens, target-library analysis, and machine learning. Nature Biotechnology, 39(11), 1414–1425...with sequence context preference predictable by machine learning methods. Nature Communications, 12(1),...

... to make it easy for you to share plasmids. To achieve this goal, we will archive any plasmids you've ...article page, enter the name, type, and description of each plasmid associated with this deposit as explained...separate promoters, tags, or cloning information for each insert.  Encodes gRNA/shRNA A plasmid with one... plasmid has multiple inserts, enter details for each insert individually.   Figure 9: Add cloning information...information for your first plasmid and can be used on each individual page (Gene and Insert, Cloning Information...The "Copy" button is located near the top right of each data entry page. Once you have completed the data...

...refresher). There are five antibody isotypes that each have a unique heavy-chain constant region: IgM, ...not all isotypes have the same ability to activate each of these functions: Recruitment of immune cells...Transportation of antibodies to places they can’t reach on their own. The antibody’s heavy-chain constant...numbered, i.e. IgG1, IgG2, etc. Let’s dive in and meet each of the isotypes. IgM This isotype is produced during...expressing IgM. IgM has a pentamer structure, which means each IgM molecule has a binding capacity or valency of...

...members from the Customer Service, Data Curation, Outreach, Product, Scientist, and Software teams. We knew... with an intuitive user interface.   The team approached the issue from multiple angles: the overall user...of information so we were able to fine tune our approach much more than if we were dealing with general...the strategies we used in our software design. In each case, we leveraged the team’s knowledge of the scientific...catalog, educational resources, and depositors — each with subcategories such as plasmids and viral preps...

...can be affected by both autofluorescence and photobleaching. Researchers have long been interested in using... cells. As Nano-lanterns are not subject to photobleaching/phototoxicity, they successfully imaged multiple...applications. For long-term imaging, especially where photobleaching and phototoxicity are a concern, these constructs...constructs come in very handy. This approach is especially suited to complement optogenetic tools, where...of various Nano-lanterns, but it does not isolate each Nano-lantern, so Takai et al. used a linear unmixing...

...research to study gene function. RNAi is commonly achieved by feeding E. coli expressing dsRNA to C. elegans...between two inverted T7 promoters. Transcription from each promoter progresses past the specific gene producing...TurboID and miniTurbo podcast segment A fundamental approach to studying membranes, organelles, and other subcellular...podcast segment As the primary cause for both the stomach flu and food-borne illnesses, noroviruses can infect...enriched with synbodies--or synthetic antibodies--attached to magnetic beads, allowing the virus to be easily...