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TypeBlog PostPublishedJan. 24, 2023, 2:15 p.m.... highest levels of nonlinear acoustic contrast in E. coli. We deleted an unannotated hypothetical protein...bARGSer with several inducible expression systems in E. coli. The arabinose-inducible promoter pBAD and a...With pBAD-bARGSer-AxeTxe, gas vesicle expression in E. coli is easy: simply grow cells in Lennox LB (10 ...expression in vivo is also straightforward: after the E. coli have colonized tumors, inject L-arabinose intraperitoneally.... 1c). Fig. 1: Expressing bARGSer in E. coli. (a) Plasmid diagram of pBAD-bARGSer-AxeTxe....imaging of tumor colonization by bARGSer-expressing E. coli. The GV-specific ultrasound signal inside the...Bourdeau, R. W. et al. Acoustic reporter genes for noninvasive imaging of microorganisms in mammalian hosts....
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Plasmids 101: Optimizing Plasmid Yields
TypeBlog PostPublishedMay 26, 2016, 2:30 p.m....incubate Check the bacterial strain Differences between E. coli host strains can impact plasmid yield. Check...it is advisable to check out the genotype of your E. coli to ensure it is suitable for your application...application. We have previously reviewed many common lab E. coli strains on the blog, and also recommend this ...OpenWetWare for a more extensive listing of common E. coli strains. Increase the volume Starting with a...How to Verify Your Plasmid Learn about Common Lab E. coli Strains Additional Resources on Addgene.org...with repeat elements, such as viral plasmids with inverted terminal repeats. We use NEB Stable to transform... -
Prime Editing: Adding Precision and Flexibility to CRISPR Editing
TypeBlog PostPublishedJan. 13, 2025, 9:49 p.m....Duby, J. E., Steinbeck, B. J., McCreary, J., Pierce, S. E., Tolar, J., Meissner, T. B., Chaikof, E. L., Osborn...small prime editors with RT domains derived from the E. coli Ec48 retron RT and the S. pombe Tf1 retrotransposon...-01025-z Doman, J. L., Pandey, S., Neugebauer, M. E., An, M., Davis, J. R., Randolph, P. B., McElroy, ...Solley, S. C., Gilbert, L. A., Chan, M. M., Bauer, D. E., Marson, A., Parsons, L. R., & Adamson, B. (2024)...10.1038/s41586-024-07259-6 Yarnall, M. T. N., Ioannidi, E. I., Schmitt-Ulms, C., Krajeski, R. N., Lim, J., Villiger..., C. A., Walker, J. A., Kadina, A. P., Zepeda, A. E., Holden, K., Ma, H., Xie, J., Gao, G., … Gootenberg...been identified in humans and cataloged in the ClinVar database. Previously developed genome editing methods... -
Live and Let Dye: Self-Labeling Protein Tags
TypeBlog PostPublishedApril 16, 2024, 1:15 p.m....resources References Bottanelli, F., Kromann, E. B., Allgeyer, E. S., Erdmann, R. S., Wood Baguley, S., Sirinakis...Allgeyer, E. S., Zhong, S., Thompson, A. D., Lowe, N., Butler, R., Bewersdorf, J., Rothman, J. E., Johnston...labs demonstrated in 2005 that proteins fused with E. coli dihydrofolate reductase (eDHFR) could be labeled...Schepartz, A., Baddeley, D., Toomre, D. K., Rothman, J. E., & Bewersdorf, J. (2016). Two-colour live-cell nanoscale....chembiol.2019.01.003 Gallagher, S. S., Sable, J. E., Sheetz, M. P., & Cornish, V. W. (2009). An In Vivo...you should investigate your options and weigh the potential benefits and costs before investing in one approach... -
X-CHIME: Context Dependent Germline Knockout in Immune Cells
TypeBlog PostPublishedJan. 16, 2024, 6:13 p.m....Nguyen, T. H., Milling, L. E., Derosia, N. M., Hoffman, Z. M., Gillis, J. E., Tjokrosurjo, Q., Markson...Trombley, J. D., Weiss, S. A., Brown, F. D., Gillis, J. E., Coxe, D. J., Doench, J. G., Haining, W. N., & Sharpe...Annotation of genes in immune cells typically involves the creation of germline knockout mice, which ...To demonstrate the power of these systems to investigate in vivo mechanisms, we targeted two phosphatases... -
New CRISPR Tools: Cas7-11 and PASTE
TypeBlog PostPublishedFeb. 17, 2022, 2 p.m....locus from the bacterial genome, and inserted it into E. coli to express and then test for any proteins that... In addition, when they looked at the transformed E. coli expressing Cas7-11, they found no evidence of.... They classified the system as Class I, Type III-E, and then used this information to identify a large...Resources References Özcan A, Krajeski R, Ioannidi E, Lee B, Gardner A, Makarova KS, Koonin EV, Abudayyeh... John A. Walker II, Anastasia P. Kadina, Adrianna E. Zepeda, Kevin Holden, Jonathan S. Gootenberg, Omar...programmable gene insertion with PASTE. The PASTEsystem involves insertion of landing sites via Cas9-directed reverse... -
Addgene's Top 10 Blog Posts of 2015
TypeBlog PostPublishedDec. 7, 2015, 6 p.m....or to contribute ideas for your own guest posts by e-mailing us at [email protected]. Thank you again for...Addgenie A. Max Juchheim in this post. 3. Plasmids 101: E. coli Strains for Protein Production Addgenie Julian... explains why you might want to use a specialized E. coli strain for protein production and gives a quick...Do you think there are topics we’re missing? We invite you to suggest topics you’d like to see on the ...Cre-lox Cre recombinase can be used to generate inversions, deletions, and translocations. It also provides... -
Hot Plasmids: Summer 2024
TypeBlog PostPublishedAug. 27, 2024, 1:15 p.m...., A., Tao, Y. A., Duby, J. E., Steinbeck, B. J., McCreary, J., Pierce, S. E., … & Liu, D. R. (2024). Efficient...Find CHARM plasmids here! Neumann, E. N., Bertozzi, T. M., Wu, E., Serack, F., Harvey, J. W., Brauer,...Protein samples protected from AWI by helical LEAs. C-E) cryo-EM single-particle analysis of PRC2 with RvLEAMshort...reconstructed 3D map with 3.1 Å global resolution (E). Figure adapted from Abe & Lim, 2024 under CC-BY-...Programmable deletion, replacement, integration and inversion of large DNA sequences with twin prime editing... -
CRISPR 101: Cytosine Transversion Editors
TypeBlog PostPublishedMarch 25, 2025, 1:15 p.m....its opposite, a uracil DNA N-glycosylase (UNG) from E. coli. The resulting construct, eUNG-BE4max(R33A)ΔUGI... out of 30 target sites. But the same strategy in E. coli produced different results. GBEs seemed to follow...cells — by excising the freshly edited U bases — but E. coli instead filled those abasic sites with A's, ...2021). In addition, they showed that UNG from both E. coli and C. elegans could be effective components...uracil bases in DNA. References Chen, L., Park, J. E., Paa, P., Rajakumar, P. D., Prekop, H.-T., Chew, ...https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-21559-9 Huang, M. E., Qin, Y., Shang, Y., Hao, Q., Zhan, C., Lian, C.,...Shi, L., Sun, Y., Li, Y., Li, Y., Sun, Y., & Zuo, E. (2021). Optimization of C-to-G base editors with ... -
IBEX Knowledge-Base: A Data Resource for Multiplex Tissue Imaging
TypeBlog PostPublishedJune 8, 2023, 1:15 p.m....-021-00644-9 Radtke, A. J., Kandov, E., Lowekamp, B., Speranza, E., Chu, C. J., Gola, A., Thakur, N., ... H., Gola, A., Kabat, J., Lowekamp, B., Speranza, E., Croteau, J., Thakur, N., Jonigk, D., Davis, J. L...an author. The IBEX Knowledge-Base is an invaluable resource for anyone performing multiplexed imaging... -
Simplify Cloning with in vivo Assembly
TypeBlog PostPublishedOct. 18, 2018, 12:37 p.m....transformed into E. coli and plasmid assembly (re-circularization) occurs in vivo. We use XL-10 Gold E. coli, but...techniques involve the assembly of a circular plasmid in vitro, before transforming it into E. coli for...successful recombination reported in all laboratory E. coli strains tested so far. The use of this pathway...Laboratory of Molecular Biology. He is currently investigating the molecular biology of synaptic transmission...and plasticity. Javier García-Nafría is an investigator scientist at the MRC Laboratory of Molecular... -
CRISPR 101: Multiplex Expression of gRNAs
TypeBlog PostPublishedSept. 10, 2020, 11:45 a.m....plasmids suitable for other model systems, including E. coli, plants, Drosophila, and zebrafish! Why use...Gibson Assembly or SLIC cloning methods. A BsaI-based E. coli multiplexing plasmid is available from the Koffas...be supplied on a separate plasmid. Multiplexing in E. coli Koffas Lab CRISPathBrick Multiplex Plasmid: ...arrays A, B, C, AB, AC, BC, and ABC). Nielsen Lab E. coli CRMAGE Plasmids: The CRMAGE system is a fast...incubation. Kondo Lab multiplexed base editing in E. coli The Kondo lab expressed a cytidine deaminase... (LVA tag) to achieve specific point mutations in E. coli. gRNAs are delivered on a different plasmid ...-Mediated Multiplex Transcriptional Repression in E. coli.” ACS Synthetic Biology 4(9) (2015):987-1000... -
Viral Vectors 101: AAV Variables That Matter
TypeBlog PostPublishedJune 1, 2023, 1:15 p.m....Agbandje-McKenna, M., Sortwell, C. E., Hauswirth, W. W., Boye, S. E., & Manfredsson, F. P. (2017). Rationally....0076310 Damdindorj, L., Karnan, S., Ota, A., Hossain, E., Konishi, Y., Hosokawa, Y., & Konishi, H. (2014).... Nagamine, C. M., Cheng, F., Qiu, J., Carette, J. E., & Vandenberghe, L. H. (2018). An Alternate Route...020-0169-1 Oh, J. Y., Han, J. H., Lee, H., Han, Y. E., Rah, J. C., & Park, H. (2020). Labeling dual presynaptic...Kareva, T., Yarygina, O., Kholodilov, N., & Burke, R. E. (2016). Expression mediated by three partial sequences...factors to consider. First, the titer required is inversely related to transduction efficacy: the higher the... -
Plasmids 101: Gateway Cloning
TypeBlog PostPublishedJan. 12, 2017, 3:30 p.m....performed, the next step is to transform competent E. coli cells and select the positive clones. The entry...the expression clone. You will also need to use a E. coli strain sensitive to CcdB (e.g. DH5α, TOP10, ...CcdB protein inhibits the growth of CcdB sensitive E. coli strains, most colonies should contain the desired...available for all kind of organisms from mammals to E. coli. Glossary of Gateway cloning vectors Vector...resources, time, and experimental needs. Since its invention in the late 1990s, Gateway cloning technology ...technology The Gateway cloning method, developed by Invitrogen, is an in vitro version of the integration and... -
New Optogenetic Tools for Cytoskeleton and Membrane Control
TypeBlog PostPublishedSept. 28, 2023, 1:15 p.m....journal.pgen.1010765. Berlew, E. E., Yamada, K., Kuznetsov, I. A., Rand, E. A., Ochs, C. C., Jaber, Z.,...Optogenetics Plasmids References Aljiboury, A. A., Ingram, E., Krishnan, N., Ononiwu, F., Pal, D., Manikas, J.,...https://doi.org/10.1021/acssynbio.1c00604. Mahlandt, E. K., Palacios Martínez, S., Arts, J. J., Tol, S., ...These Opto-RhoGEFs provide a reversible and non-invasive way to activate a RhoGTPase by recruiting its ... -
To Codon Optimize or Not: That is the Question
TypeBlog PostPublishedNov. 12, 2020, 2:15 p.m....correlated with codon bias across all endogenous genes in E. coli and S. cerevisiae (Tuller et. al., 2010). ...worth codon optimizing a human gene for expression in E. coli. Genes are also optimized for expression in ...Optimization References Athey J, Alexaki A, Osipova E, Rostovtsev A, Santana-Quintero LV, Katneni U, Simonyan...rna.02890211 Tuller T, Waldman YY, Kupiec M, Ruppin E (2010) Translation efficiency is determined by both...selection of codon optimized genes, so check out our inventory before synthesizing a gene yourself. Caveats ... -
Plasmids 101: 5 factors to help you choose the right cloning method
TypeBlog PostPublishedAug. 21, 2018, 12:31 p.m....and transform the PCR products into E. coli. Ligases within the E. coli then fuse together the PCR products...the inexpensive DpnI enzyme. Otherwise you let your E. coli do the work for you. Traditional restriction...give Gateway a try. This method, developed by Invitrogen and based on lambda phage integration sequences...Wouldn’t it be nice if after all the hard work involved with cloning, you would at least be guaranteed... -
Antibodies 101: Conjugation
TypeBlog PostPublishedMarch 26, 2024, 1:15 p.m....doi.org/10.1016/j.it.2012.02.010 Dennler P, Fischer E, Schibli R (2015) Antibody Conjugates: From Heterogeneous...doi.org/10.3390/antib4030197 Hegazy M, Cohen-Barak E, Koetsier JL, et al (2020) Proximity Ligation Assay...Reisfeld RA (1988) Determination of the Number of e-Amino Groups Available for Conjugation of Effector...However, there are certainly other approaches that involve modifying the antibody sequence or that rely on... -
The AAVantages of AAV in CRISPR Screens
TypeBlog PostPublishedFeb. 4, 2025, 2:15 p.m....Volak, A., Spirig, S. E., Muller, A., Sousa, A. A., Tsai, S. Q., Bengtsson, N. E., Lööv, C., Ingelsson...10.1101/2023.06.13.544831 Santinha, A. J., Klingler, E., Kuhn, M., Farouni, R., Lagler, S., Kalamakis, G....less work for the first two steps, as no mice are involved. Ex vivo starts with transducing cells with the...lentivirus requires a BSL-2 setup. This requires a less involved setup when working with mice and slightly less...high degree. This is particularly helpful when investigating tissue-specific diseases, as you can target ...like Cas12a (Cpf1). Even more creative options involve generating strains of mice that stably express ... -
SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 Detection Methods Based on CRISPR/Cas
TypeBlog PostPublishedMay 5, 2020, 1:15 p.m....isothermal amplification by primers that target the E and the N2 gene of SARS-CoV-2. If the Cas12a-sgRNA...CRISPR-based SHERLOCK (Specific High sensitivity Enzymatic Reporter unLOCKing) technique Sensitivity...Granados A, Sotomayor-Gonzalez A, Zorn K, Gopez A, Hsu E, Gu W, Miller S, Pan C-Y, Guevara H, Wadford DA, Chen...doi.org/10.1101/2020.02.29.971127 Rauch, J. N., Valois, E., Solley, S. C., Braig, F., Lach, R. S., Baxter, N...University. Shravanti Suresh is a PhD candidate who investigates cellular aspects of CRISPR/Cas immune systems...