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...domain and the N-terminus of the other domain at a distance that favors proper folding and formation of the...tend to have lower affinities, lower long-term stability, and a higher likelihood to aggregate due to their...characterization.    Figure 2: Phage display starts with a pooled library of scFvs that are displayed...between the VL and VH domains. This bond provides stability and solubility for the scFv (Gaciarz and Ruddock...are inserted into a vector encoding the antibody constant domain scaffold to convert the scFv into an antibody...disulfide bond independent folding of intrinsically stable scFv. PLoS ONE 12:e0189964 . https://doi.org/10.1371...

...out there. The house mouse (Mus musculus) Let’s start with the most preferred mammalian model organism... set of mutations that made cancer cells more resistant to chemotherapy. You can find these plasmids at...found in lewy bodies), have been invaluable in understanding the basic molecular mechanisms underlying the...scientists can easily observe early developmental stages which can be difficult in other vertebrate species...assess developmental processes. For example, the Stainier lab studied the proliferation and differentiation...temporal expression of different transgenes, the Stainer group determined that there are actually two distinct...

... combination and possibly discover unexpected epistatic changes in protein activity. See Natarajan et ...product is digested with DpnI to remove residual starting template. After transformation and harvest, the... matter? Most of the time no, but there are 2 instances where it does. 1) When the backbone vector has...References 1. Natarajan, Chandrasekhar, et al. "Epistasis among adaptive mutations in deer mouse hemoglobin...Wrenbeck, Emily E., Justin R. Klesmith, James A. Stapleton, Adebola Adeniran, Keith E J Tyo, and Timothy ...  4. Fowler, Douglas M., Jason J. Stephany, and Stanley Fields. “Measuring the Activity of Protein Variants...

...tip boxes, and more (stay tuned for a few blog posts coming up about sustainability in the lab!). The @...red nosed reindeer.       View this post on Instagram     Eppi the red nosed Reindeer! 🦌🦌 as you.... If we've tagged you it's because we love your Insta!! #LILCChristmas . . #lab #ladiesinlabcoats #Christmas...phdtips #sciencecommunication #sciencedaily #instascience #ladies #research #cardiovascularresearch #parkinsonsdisease...

...my daughter has a business degree. From the very start of their undergraduate experiences, they were provided...begin to tackle these challenges, a group of stakeholders came together with the goal of driving systemic...scientific training and employment infrastructure. A Stakeholder Workshop at Janelia Research Campus in 2019 solidified...Evidence-Based Models for STEM PhD Career Development; a Stakeholder Workshop Report.” The report enabled the development... Additional resources on the Addgene blog Get started with Addgene's science career resources Browse ...

...for that. Lately, significant advances in the understanding and application of CRISPR/Cas9 technology are...news was circulating. Scientists at North Carolina State, in the labs of Chase L. Beisel and Rodolphe Barrangou...still working out important details in their understanding of how CRISPR/Cas9s actually work. Last month...of Cas9's three-dimensional shape via x-ray crystallography, an advance they say should allow scientists... report showing Cas9's structural details. "Understanding this structure may help us engineer around the...

...readers about how our articles have helped them understand different topics of science, especially disease...sessions led by scientists, which is hosted on our Instagram channel every Sunday. What's planned for the upcoming...scientists and non-scientists. We’re in the process of starting a forum where non-scientists can directly approach...participate in our one-hour Live Q&A session on Instagram every Sunday. Undergraduate and graduate students...scientific jargons. Someone should also be able to understand what you are trying to convey without having ...

...requires genes to be regulated dynamically.” To understand how that works in memory formation or other brain...cells but extends to freely moving animals, as established for conventional optogenetic tools." In total...applied the LITE system to 28 different genes to establish it as “a novel mode of optogenetic control of ...players in normal biological processes and disease states. While LITE plasmids have clear application to ...mammalian endogenous transcription and epigenetic states." Nature. 500, 472–476 (22 August 2013).   , ...

...enriched our repository with 15,020 new plasmids — a testament to the scientific community's commitment to open...complement our next-generation sequencing, setting new standards for plasmid quality control. Through our partnership... research papers are already inspiring higher standards in antibody use (Ayoubi et al., 2024; Kahn et ...conversations both online and in-person, you helped us understand how Addgene can better serve the global scientific... how you receive plasmids — as DNA or bacterial stabs — ‌and reinventing our search experience so you ...

...Right from the start, when we founded Addgene nearly 10 years ago, lunch felt like a family meal. My ...We borrowed an idea from the software folks and started Hack Days. During Hack Days, teams at Addgene will...Executive Director, Joanne Kamens, responded by starting something we call “Random Lunches.” Once or twice...wonderful tradition for university departments to establish, with the goal of fostering better communication...we head into Thanksgiving weekend in the United States, I look forward to gathering around a large table...

..., we discuss some of the many things you can do start your own science communication student group and... and Amy say is the quickest way to get things started? Set up your own Science by the Pint series and... the SITN podcast as a means for listeners to understand the dynamics of information flow. Some of the... best way to get a Science Communication group started. It's as simple as getting people together at a...email [email protected]    For more info about starting your own SciComm organization and to learn about...

...As we get closer to the start of another academic year, graduate students and post-docs alike are wondering...ourselves credit for what we have accomplished. Starting with a recap of accomplishments, from learning...with lab members, determine how to work through obstacles, and take steps to resolve interpersonal conflicts...technique are beneficial for researchers at all stages. Rather than succumbing to academic inertia, it...'t Just More Paperwork. Vincent BJ, Scholes C, Staller MV, Wunderlich Z, Estrada J, Park J, Bragdon MD...

... process will look slightly different from our standard process. We’ll walk you through a brief overview...be able to request Packaged on Request service starting in January 2025.  What will the ordering process...flexibility; while ensuring we can maintain high standards for both our depositors and requestors.  Requesting...specialist will reach out to you during the request stage, before you order.  Timeline Once your order is ...place a request and order if approved.  I want to stay updated!  We want to keep you updated! Subscribe...

...but many throughout the world are affected by devastating diseases that affect far fewer people and therefore...provide hope to patients suffering from these devastating afflictions. Elia Di Schiavi - Spinal muscular...expression in specific cells. With a more concrete understanding of the molecular biology behind SMN1 and its...screens. He plans to work with a partner at IRCCS Besta in Milan to test small molecules targeting SMN1 ...Nabavi is a Postdoctoral Fellow at the Vancouver Prostate Center and is affiliated with the University of...

...many of the speakers.  As Dr. Polka said as she started things off, “We are all capable of contributing....  His list is dire:  The current system is unsustainable, hypercompetition is corroding values, we are... away from PI driven basic research, there is resistance to change, public support is weak, government...pretty much said it all.  She cited the oft quoted statistic that only 15% of current postdocs will be academic...drastic change in the way we train scientists to start addressing this problem.  Finally, one point made...

... optimization to increase the specificity and stability. Optimizing antibodies for better pharmacokinetics...regions can be altered for specific functions, the constant regions can be altered for different isotypes,...Fab: fragment antigen binding; Fc: fragment crystallizable; IgG: immunoglobin G; ScFv: single-chain fragment...cycle, your best-performing mutant is usually the starting point for the next cycle. Figure 2: General...Instead of leaving sequence generation to chance, you start with a known or predicted structure of your antibody-antigen... more, the best mutant can then be used as the starting point in the next round of mutant library generation...

...come together over the past few years to propose standards and recommendations for improving antibody use... is all it will bind to - particularly when you start using complex samples such as whole cell lysate ...be aware of any possible alternative translation start sites or alternative splicing that could lead to...bound to the target protein, so it’s important to understand if protein:protein interactions could be a factor...Addgene.org Find plasmids encoding antibodies at Addgene Stay tuned for ready-to-use antibodies from Addgene Designing...Bradbury A, Plückthun A (2015) Reproducibility: Standardize antibodies used in research. Nature 518:27–9....

... longer than necessary before starting your experiment, or if you start an experiment before adequate ... or frt-STOP-frt (FSF) sequence prior to an ATG start codon to prevent transcription in cells where the...Therefore, the first step in any AAV experiment is to understand which serotype best transduces your cells of ...the serotype, except now you will already have a starting “optimal” injection volume and titer to begin ...vectors in your experiments requires a full understanding of vector performance in your system. It is ...

...post was contributed by Jordan Ward who is an assistant professor at the University of California, Santa...elegans relied on selective markers such as drug resistance (Chen et al., 2013), fluorescence (GFP; Tzur ...unedited animals struck me as a “needle in the haystack” type of problem and led to me to explore alternate...lethal mutation should remove much of the unedited “haystack”, facilitating recovery of edited animals. ...allowing novice researchers to quickly and easily start genome editing (Schwartz et al., 2018). To see more...Thank you to our guest blogger! Jordan Ward is an assistant professor at the University of California, Santa...

...The biomedical field is often concerned with understanding the cause of diseases and how to treat those...diseases. The “cause of disease” often requires understanding the disease genetics and the “treatment” usually...time and money gets put into them in those later stages. Target identification Not all diseases are fully...that target and validate the hit compound. The standard is to test the drug on models which are genetically...are selected.      CRISPR aids in multiple stages of the drug discovery pipeline.   CRISPR ...