We narrowed to 583 results for: BASE;

... types Must be verified with cell-based method IDLV 1% Cell-based Programmable, can detect DSBs in live... genome and pinpoint the location of mismatches based on the sequences of the genome and sgRNA. This is...have disastrous health effects in the clinic. NGS-based methods provide the most complete information profile...al. 2016) and HTGTS (Frock et al. 2015) for cell-based experiments. These strategies can be used in concert...off-target editing events. Two of the most common cell-based methods are genome-wide, unbiased identification... Advantages Disadvantages GUIDE-Seq 0.1% Cell-based  Searches the genome for all DSBs, doesn't require...methods, high background BLESS Not reported Cell-based (in vitro) Can be used on tissue from whole animal...

...George Abraham, Bobin., et al. "Fluorescent protein based FRET pairs with improved dynamic range for fluorescence...voltage sensors), to name a few.   Find Many FRET-Based Biosensors on Addgene's Biosensor Pages   Recent...Atsushi, et al. "Fluorescent indicators for Ca2+ based on green fluorescent proteins and calmodulin." Nature... Fanjie, et al. "A fluorescence energy transfer‐based mechanical stress sensor for specific proteins in.... Gayrard, Charlène, and Borghi, Nicolas. "FRET-based molecular tension microscopy." Methods 94 (2016)...about Fluorophore Targeting for FRET Studies FRET Based Biosensors Additional Resources on Addgene.org ...

...system. Site Directed Mutagenesis by PCR & Single Base Editing with CRISPR For my editor’s choice picks...picking two posts that describe methods to make single base edits in DNA. The first, contributed by guest blogger...Scientist Mary Gearing and discusses a newer, CRISPR-based technique to generate C->T or G->A transitions in...Tips for Troubleshooting Viral Transductions Single Base Editing with CRISPR Cas9 Activators: A Practical...

...interactions scientists have long used antibody based affinity purification and mass spectrometry approaches...scientists have developed newer methods termed proximity-based labeling to better capture these interactions in..., which can be a challenge for classic antibody based affinity purification/mass spectrometry methods....efficiently label neighboring proteins The first biotin based proximity labelling technique, BioID, was developed...these issues, the Ting lab utilized yeast display-based directed evolution to generate two mutants, the ...interaction detection) uses proximity protein labeling based on BioID to identify RNA-protein interactions (Ramanathan...Trinkle-Mulcahy, L. (2019). Recent advances in proximity-based labeling methods for interactome mapping. F1000Research...

...least ~200 base pairs of sequence flanking the editing site on either side of the amplicon. Based on the ... A specific insertion or deletion? A knock-in? A base edit? Once you know exactly what you are looking...repair events, or maybe you’re performing a single base pair edit with a prime editor. What next? When generating... you introducing a large insertion, something 20 base pairs or bigger? Then screening by PCR may be the...knock-ins Is your knock-in edit small, with only a few base pairs modified? In these cases, it’s best to do ...Restriction enzyme screening is sensitive to single base pair changes, but the edit must occur at an existing...

... et al., 1998). There are two models for iteron-based plasmid replication control that are not necessarily...synthetic biologist who wants to develop a plasmid-based tool that is easy to use with other plasmids.  How...developed a system of bacterial incompatibility groups based on similarity of replication and partitioning systems...determine how compatible their plasmids will be based on sequence data. However, if these do not provide... antimicrobial resistance. Using novel plasmids based partly on plasmid incompatibility with antibiotic-resistance... R, Rech J, Bouet J-Y (2015) Imaging centromere-based incompatibilities: Insights into the mechanism of...microbial plasmids: classification and identification based on replication and transfer systems and host taxonomy...

...off-target edits of base editors, which convert a nucleotide base pair to another base pair at a specific...Bhoobalan-Chitty Y, Peng X (2018) Anti-CRISPR-Based and CRISPR-Based Genome Editing of Sulfolobus islandicus...CRISPR activity is an important step towards CRISPR-based therapies and for more precise editing in the lab...

... AraC transcriptional regulator Their system is based on the AraC protein that controls transcription ...pBLADEONLY: This plasmid contains only BLADE and is based on the pTRC99a plasmid. It does not include the ...the PBAD promoter. If you already have a pBAD33-based plasmid expressing your gene of interest, all you ... created by the team (Fig. 2). These images are based on the concept of bacteriographs created about a...

...which was technically challenging. Other homology based technologies We've described Sequence and Ligation...to SLIC and Gibson, there are yet more homology based assembly methods that have been described--CPEC ...store-bought cloning kits available which are all based on long-overlapping regions, have no requirements... these days. Gibson and the other long-homology based cloning methods are useful alternatives to the standard...assembly of DNA molecules up to several hundred kilobases. Nat. Methods 2009; 6, 343-345. PubMed PMID: 19363495...

...DNA sequence. Base Editors: Modified versions of CRISPR nucleases that make single base changes in the...includes the details on advances in CRISPR including: Base editing Prime editing Anti-CRISPRs … you name it...

... proteins (Cas9 shown here). The repeat sequence base pairs with the tracrRNA, and the spacer sequence...target DNA. tracrRNA: A “trans-activating CRISPR RNA” base pairs to the repeat section of the crRNA, forming...interchangeably with the term sgRNA. Seed sequence: The 8-10 bases on the 3’ end of an RNA guide (either crRNA or sgRNA...Sheet  Resources on the Addgene blog A Needle in a Base-Stack: Cas9 Structural Biology...

...the modifying sequence flanked by approximately 50 base pairs of sequence homologous to the chromosomal ... expression in yeast. These tagging vectors are based on previously described pFA6a-link vectors and include...stability, and disruption of the tagged protein. Based on their findings, the authors recommend optimal...the artifacts sometimes associated with plasmid-based overexpression. Tim Formosa, at the University of...

...the first thing that comes to mind. However, ion-based communication is not just for neurons. Non-neuronal...this too. It's just that for non-neural cells, ion-based communication happens at a slightly slower scale...cases even override genetically encoded patterning. Based upon trends in studies over the past several years...Chernet et al., 2016). There are many other light-based genetic tools for studying bioelectricity in vivo...desensitization in continuous light. ArcLight Q239 - A GEVI based on the fusion of the voltage sensing domain of a...

... in the presence of calcium. This includes FRET-based sensors such as Twitch. While calcium is king in...Neurotransmitters Many canonical fluorescent as well as FRET-based biosensors have been engineered to detect a wide...ATP ratio. Most of these sensors are fluorescence-based and have been optimized for a wide-range of uses... pair on actinin will produce different signals based on changes to the structure of actinin in low vs...Biosensors Illuminating Epigenetics with a FRET Based Biosensor Fluorescent Proteins 101: Fluorescent...

... Often, the choice for a fluorescent protein is based on the properties found in the literature or tabulated...is more sensible to compare fluorescent proteins based on their practical brightness in your experimental...mammalian cells this would be possible with CRISPR/Cas-based genome editing. Selecting a bright fluorescent protein...Amsterdam) where she develops genetically encoded FRET based biosensors.     Additional Resources on the Addgene...system as well as the imaging method, we recommend basing your selection on a small-scale head-to-head comparative...

...transcription. Sometimes enhancers are located thousands of base pairs away from the gene they regulate, but are ...detected with chromosome conformation capture (3C) based methods, such as 5C or Hi-C (Han et al., 2018). ...increase the resolution, the Xu lab created a dCas9-based CAPTURE (CRISPR Affinity Purification in situ of...DNA that are far away from each other in terms of base pairs, but close together in terms of where they...dCas9 and gRNA expression. Additionally, CAPTURE 3C-based sequencing requires a large number of cells (~5x107...Han, J., Zhang, Z., & Wang, K. (2018). 3C and 3C-based techniques: the powerful tools for spatial genome...

... sites in an orientation that results in 5’ four base overhangs after cutting. The destination vector ...IIS restriction enzyme cutting results in 5’ four base overhangs complementary to the overhangs of the ...Single insert cloning efficiencies were measured based on the acquisition of antibiotic selectable markers...markers. The 5-, 12- and 24-assembly systems were based on the ability to correctly assemble a lacI/lacZ... over 50 years, prefers ligation of Watson-Crick base pair substrates, it demonstrates significant activity...cohesive end ligation by this enzyme for all 3- and 4-base overhang sequences under standard reaction conditions...

...the field of gene therapy, more specifically AAV-based retinal gene therapy. The year was 2001 and I started...with the death of Jesse Gelsinger in an adenovirus-based gene therapy clinical trial gone horribly wrong....cell) therapies. One may wonder why the first AAV-based gene therapy treatment for a genetic disease approved...forward with ocular gene therapy The pipeline of AAV-based ocular gene therapies is impressive: clinical trials...for prevalent diseases - to name a few. CRISPR-based tools are also particularly well suited to be combined...and Wu Z., 2018. In vivo Applications of CRISPR-Based Genome Editing in the Retina. Front Cell Dev Biol...

...any plasmid-based experiment, untreated cells should be included as these provide the baseline/standard ...one thing should be present in every experiment-based investigation of a hypothesis: proper controls! ...the various controls that can be used for plasmid-based experiments. What are control plasmids? Generally...the abstract and follow an example of a plasmid-based experiment, delineate its requisite control plasmids...interpretation of the results. Typically, plasmid-based experiments employ transfection, negative, positive...completely. These controls may or may not be plasmid-based depending on the experimental needs. Using our experiment...

...controls for antibody-based experiments Primary antibody specificity Antibody-based assays have their own...remains the same.    Figure 2: Microscopy-based antibody experiments should include a primary antibody....   Application-specific controls Some antibody-based applications have very specific controls, which ...you to detect dead or dying cells so that you can base your analysis on living cells only (for example,...some of the more critical controls for antibody-based experiments, it is by no means an exhaustive list... more information about antibodies and antibody-based experiments, check out these blog posts.       ...protocols elicited the expected response and have a baseline with which to compare the experimental group. ...

...homodimerization of FPs targeted to the endoplasmid reticulum based on the appearance of OSER whorls. This assay is ...random insertions can be generated with a transposon-based strategy (Sheridan, 2002). Avoiding protein over-expression...first express the fusion protein from a plasmid-based system to assess whether the chimera is still functional...verified and it can be compared to what is expected based on immunofluorescence or properties of the protein...independent of GDI-mediated extraction and actin-based trafficking." PLoS biology 13.4 (2015): e1002097...Klarenbeek, Jeffrey, et al. "Fourth-generation epac-based FRET sensors for cAMP feature exceptional brightness...PMID: 30886412. Mastop, Marieke, et al. "A FRET-based biosensor for measuring Gα13 activation in single...

...guides employed by Cas9 or Cpf1. These short, 24 base DNA guides may be more user-friendly, since they...working with small capacity viral vectors such as AAV. Base removal RNA-guided CRISPR enzymes cause double-stranded...unfavorable. In a natural context, it’s hypothesized that base removal helps prevent the invading genome from “...property could be an advantage. However, repair after base excision would alter the target sequence and preclude...

...other forms of antibody-based (e.g., nanobodies, ScFVs) and non-antibody based affinity reagents (e.g....institutions have proposed a shift to recombinant DNA-based antibody technologies (Bradbury & Plückthun, 2015a...

...PBMCs with episomal vectors Episomal vectors are based on the Epstein-Barr Nuclear Antigen-1 (oriP-EBNA...

...one-size-fits-all approach. You will have to select a tool based on your project and not general opinion. I could... features and enables you to select the tool(s) based on your project needs. There are 8 major categories... is important for users wishing to select tools based on their comfort level with operating a computer...sequence”, “identifier”, and “load”. Trends: Sequence based input is by far the most common with most tools ...for the first time, it is best to choose a tool based on immediate needs and re-evaluate after several...have come across to offer classes of parameters based on the type of CRISPR experiment being pursued. ...implementation to be too slow for practical use. The R based package CRISPRseek offers great utility and coupled...

...biarsenical dyes such as FlAsH (green, based on fluorescein) or ReAsH (red, based on resorufin). SNAP-tag: In 2003...Johnsson’s lab developed a self-labeling fusion tag based on the human DNA repair protein AGT that gets covalently...Promega developed HaloTag in 2008 (Los et al., 2008), based on a bacterial haloalkane dehalogenase that binds...in 2008, Kai Johnsson’s lab reported another AGT-based tag named CLIP-tag, which reacts with O2-benzylcytosine...benzylcytosine(BC) ligands (Gautier et al., 2008). Although based on the same original enzyme, SNAP-tag and CLIP-tag... other.   Finding the right tag for you Protein-based tags typically provide better labeling specificity...Cornish, V. W. (2009). An In Vivo Covalent TMP-Tag Based on Proximity-Induced Reactivity. ACS Chemical Biology...

...CD20 and CD73 on specific solid as well as blood-based tumors. Monoclonal antibodies have been shown to...activated ex vivo are also contestants for cell-based immunotherapy. Using activated DCs ex vivo to generate...Recently, China spearheaded the first ever CRISPR-based clinical trial in 18 lung cancer patients. This ...differ in their genotypic and phenotypic identities based on their level of progression, anatomical location...Participants in clinical trials should be picked based on the immunotherapy target using diagnostic tests...During clinical trials, expansion of participants based on early results can enhance the positive effects...most important: How will cancers evolve and mutate based on the immunotherapeutics we use on them? Answering...

...called modules or parts. Assembly is dictated by four-base overhangs that are paired with different part types...wisely agreed on universally using the same four-base overhangs for the same type of parts to ensure that...MoClo assemblies depend on compatibility of four-base overhangs flanking each genetic part. (A) Example...Level 0 assembly. BpiI recognition sites and four-base overhangs flank a coding sequence of interest (CDS1...between different Level 0 vectors depends on the four-base overhangs flanking each part, as they need to match...undesired mutations, and that you have the correct four-base overhangs for future assemblies in the right locations...

...studies of E3 ligase cereblon Optimized mScarlet-based tags for live imaging in C. elegans CRISPR/Cas9 ...proteins) and performs well in many different antibody-based applications.  IPI’s recombinant version is a fusion... O. (2024) Comparative analysis of new mScarlet-based red fluorescent tags in Caenorhabditis elegans. ...high resistance to antibiotics. Several CRISPR/Cas-based systems have been developed for other mycobacteria...and Hung, D. (2024). A dual-plasmid CRISPR/Cas9-based method for rapid and efficient genetic disruption...STReTCh (11 kDa) are significantly smaller than FRET-based mechanosensors (~60 kDa) and are compatible with...

...substantial immune response or toxicity. More AAV-based CRISPR systems Smaller Cas proteins SaCas9 isn't...both is within AAV’s packaging limit. For CRISPR-based RNA editing, the REPAIR (RNA Editing for Programmable...eliminate the need to deliver larger cargo such as base editors and prime editors. While using AAV to deliver...activation. Split inteins have also been used to express base editors. References Chew WL, Tabebordbar M, Cheng...Comander J, Liu Q, Liu DR (2020) Cytosine and adenine base editing of the brain, liver, retina, heart and skeletal.../nbt.3055  Wang D, Zhang F, Gao G (2020) CRISPR-Based Therapeutic Genome Editing: Strategies and In Vivo...

...steel wire into a backbone structure of a protein, based on its atomic coordinates. These wire models were...momentarily forgetting that the physical model is based on their own modeling of the protein’s structure...in 2014 to ask if we could make a model of Cas9 based on the structure published by Martin Jinek’s group...recognize a PAM sequence, allow the complementary base pairing between the guide RNA and the target DNA...conformational shifts. This backbone model of Cas9 is based on Fuguo Jiang’s structure of Cas9 – primed for ...

...Kanemaki lab previously developed a CRISPR/Cas9 based method to tag endogenous proteins in HCT116 cells...sites for editing. PAM sequences can be from 2-6 base pairs in length and follow the DNA sequence targeted...SpCas9-NG) with relaxed preferences for the third base of the PAM so that it now recognizes NG rather than...of seven ChRs derived from marine microorganisms based on metagenomic data. MerMAIDs (Metagenomically discovered...

... expected sequence. Here at Addgene, we use NGS-based quality control to confirm the sequence of all the...used to confirm the rough structure of the plasmid based on the predicted sizes and organization of different...estimate how far down the gel your bands have traveled based on the dye! Always run a ladder. Ladders allow you...you get in your sample lanes. Choose your ladder based on the expected band sizes. Always run control uncut...

...spaced peaks …like these…. 3. Expect to get 500-700 bases of clean reliable DNA sequence Anything less and...uncertain terrain. 4. Never trust the first 20-30 bases of a DNA sequencing read The peaks here are usually...unfortunate side effect of messing up the reaction around base 70-75 of the read (see image below), so I would ...

...modify, whether it be editing CRISPRi, CRISPRa, or base editing. Multiplexing gRNAs: the basics One common...Gibson Assembly or SLIC cloning methods. A BsaI-based E. coli multiplexing plasmid is available from the... efficiently cleaves gRNAs sandwiched between 28 base Csy4 recognition sites. If Csy4 is not expressed...inserted into a Cas9-containing destination vector based on pCAMBIA. Cas9 is plant-optimized, and plasmids...you to assemble type II-A CRISPR arrays for dCas9-based transcriptional repression. The CRISPathBrick plasmid... method that combines CRISPR and recombineering-based MAGE (Multiplex Automated Genome Engineering) technology...only 2-3 hours incubation. Kondo Lab multiplexed base editing in E. coli The Kondo lab expressed a cytidine...

... with similar efficiency as compared to plasmid-based expression of Cas9/gRNA and can be used for most...experimental systems that may not be amenable to plasmid based methods. One of the most common techniques for delivery...gRNA RNPs to plants, as an alternative to plasmid based techniques, has been an area of intense study. Two...alleviate many issues that may arise when using plasmid based systems, most notably the ability to perform CRISPR... delivery of proteins enables efficient protein-based genome editing in vitro and in vivo." Nature biotechnology...

... you are trying to do: gene knockout, a specific base edit, or modulation of gene expression. Location...with BioRender.com. The jigsaw: Editing by HDR, base editing, and prime editing For a specific edit, ...constraints are even more exquisite for the so-called base editor Cas9, which makes DNA changes in the absence...dsDNA breaks (Rees et al., 2018). For C>T and A>G base editors, the intended edit must be in a 5 - 10 nt...others have examined the ability to use sequence-based and other features to nominate gRNAs that are likely...(2020) Genome editing with CRISPR–Cas nucleases, base editors, transposases and prime editors. Nat Biotechnol...doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkw583 Rees HA, Liu DR (2018) Base editing: precision chemistry on the genome and transcriptome...

...different parameters that your gating strategy will be based upon. We’ll try to keep it short though, promise...SSC: scattering To digitally extract your cells based on their size, the cytometer provides you with two...lymphocyte population (10.7% of all recorded events) based on their expected size. The strong signals close...not of interest can still be gated out later. Based on personal preference, some people like to make...staining signals. For this, you’ll need to gate based on the proportion between H and A (or W and A) within...When you’re interested in measuring a population based on a fluorescent stain, you might be wondering which...

...optogenetics, such as channelrhodopsins and tools based on light-oxygen-voltage (LOV) domain. They can also...interactions, we recommend using NIR split reporters based on miRFPs (Shcherbakova et al., 2016), since they...Filonov et al., 2013). FRET biosensors were developed based on miRFP760-miRFP720 FRET pair, including Rac1 biosensor...intensiometric calcium indicators NIR-GECOs were developed based on mIFP6. Learn more about the characteristics, ...Brightness in HeLa cells vs. iRFP713, % d Ref BphP-based FPs miRFP670 https://www.addgene.org/79987/ 642...720 98,000 6.1 97 Monomer 510 4.5 117 12 CBCR-based FPs miRFP670nano https://www.addgene.org/127443...

...has been started based on DETECTR technology with the mission to “provide a CRISPR-based platform on which...SHERLOCK and DETECTR demonstrate the power of CRISPR-based diagnostics. SHERLOCK- Specific High Sensitivity... DNA or RNA with atomolar sensitivity and single base pair mismatch specificity.  SHERLOCKv2 SHERLOCK ...isothermal amplification by RPA. When Cas12a-cRNA base pairs with the dsDNA of interest, the DNase activity...Wadford DA, Chen JS, Chiu CY (2020) CRISPR–Cas12-based detection of SARS-CoV-2. Nature Biotechnology. https...