...    Figure 1: In the isotype conversion process the variable regions of a parental antibody (blue...isotype (purple, mouse). Depending on the cloning process, all constant regions, just the heavy chain constant...isotype to that of a different group (Fig. 1). This process, called isotope conversion, gives users the flexibility...addition to increasing multiplexing capabilities this process is frequently used to reduce immunogenicity and...therapeutic potential of antibody medicines. In this process, antibodies derived from non-human species like...

...   While the VGS process isn’t new to Addgene, we are excited to share the procedures and Python scripts... vector (AAV) samples and created a simplified process, termed viral genome sequencing (VGS), to confirm...We recently published a description of the VGS process and use cases in Human Gene Therapy. Existing methods...substrates for tagmentation-based library preparation procedures. This finding eliminates the double-stranding...

...into a plasmid of interest. You can use similar processes to add overhangs to your insert of interest for... The steps following primer design and the PCR process itself are very similar to those outlined in our... with a few quirks specific to the PCR cloning process - please check out that post if you need a more... suited for analyzing the gene’s function. The process is shown graphically in the following figure, in...restriction digestion. As such, the later steps in this process are the same as those discussed in our restriction...

...Allikalt et al., 2020) Impact of labeling process: The process of dye labeling, such as conjugation with...beneficial when studying dynamic processes like mitochondrial dynamics. This process, involving mitochondrial ...specimens has offered illumination on biochemical processes that are crucial in the world of biological research...result in cellular toxicity due to the permeation process. Advanced technologies in fluorescent dyes/ligands...

...laboratories from using these methods for routine processes like plasmid validation. At seqWell, Inc., our...sample-specific barcodes. Rather than continuing to process 100s to 1000s of samples individually, plexWell...additional benefit of plexWell™’s sequential tagging procedure, the quantities of library molecules for each ...a wide range of input DNA concentrations. This process is explained more fully in the animated Fig. 1 ...samples are brought in line with each other before proceeding to library prep. Even with this “pre-prep” normalization...

...bacteria’s thinner membrane. Procedure The stain is a pretty simple process. First, flood the heat-fixed...pneumoniae, while the alcohol used in the staining process bleached another, Klebsiella pneumoniae. After ...photos/occbio/7092385559 For more specific procedural instructions, including timing, preparing the... them red or pink. At the end of the staining procedure, gram positive bacteria are stained purple or ...

... we had to revamp some of our quality control processes. For the many other COVID-19 related plasmids ... for small batches of samples. As soon as that process is complete, QC scientists prepare Sanger reactions...them inline with our slower, more traditional, QC process. While this has worked well for the early sets ...Ginkgo are striking a balance by modifying certain processes in both core operations. As it has been in much...adapting to a new way of doing things. These new processes have been instrumental in achieving our mission...

... can be used for a diverse array of processes. The food processing industry, for instance, employs psychrophilic...time for a given process. These are extremely useful benefits for any food processing industry as it can...psychrophilic enzymes for milk processing, fruit juice clarification, meat tendering, and oligosaccharide...

...Cas13d CRISPR array processing is robust, with CasRx and either an unprocessed or processed gRNA array (22 ...characteristic of the Cas13 superfamily. Yan et al. proceeded to study orthologs from Eubacterium siraeum (EsCas13d...orthologs described in these papers can independently process their own CRISPR arrays into guide RNAs. crRNA ...

...plasmids we distribute through our quality control processes. Every plasmid we receive is rigorously verified...every plasmid we distribute through our deposit process, and then we carefully track samples through our... to find all of the information needed for the process. Always sequence verify Once the physical sample...sequencing If you’re like us, you need a strategy for processing several sequencing reactions in parallel. We ...We have a few tricks to simplify the process. First, nearly all of our Sanger sequencing is done from glycerol...

...plasmid (packaging plasmid). Viral production then proceeds by transfection of all three plasmids into a producer...the host genome as part of the viral infection process (though it can integrate at chromosome 19q13.4 ... via needlestick or cut. Following all sharps procedures for your organization will significantly reduce...best to be well-rested and alert the day of the procedure. Mice move much more quickly than cell cultures...understandably induce some nerves. Following safety procedures and practicing safety culture, however, can let...

...deliverables of your work, such as improving a process or procedure, solving a problem, or making a key decision... industry position is the on-site interviewing process. For both of my academic jobs, I interviewed with...different lab groups without having a formal interview process. Industry interviews, however, were more structured...lasted from half to all of the day.  This whole process may seem foreign and a little overwhelming, but...

...takes a little bit longer in insect cells. Processing Processing of your baculovirus is straightforward —...cell preparations, which we talk about below. Processing The viral supernatant is typically collected ... couple days to increase yield. The collection process is a cycle of collecting the media and adding fresh... fresh media every 12 to 24 hours. Processing the virus-containing supernatant will depend on the virus...

...host’s polymerase, but requires Rep proteins to process a double-stranded intermediate into the single-...media are harvested and purified. In total, this process takes 4-7 days, not counting the time needed to...iodixanol and concentrate the purified virus. This process can be completed in one long day, or the virus ... that was carried over from the AAV production process. Either SYBR green technology or a TaqMan primer...generated from an ITR-containing plasmid. This whole process takes ~3 hours to complete: 1 hours hands-on time...

...purify, and analyze MDH in semester one and then proceed to use those skills to design and carry out their... become more actively involved in the learning process. As trainees become more comfortable with the open-ended...encouraging them to engage in the problem-solving process. His previous experiences as a jazz musician, serviceman...of students active participants in the research process – so if this sounds like an exciting opportunity...Mentorship and protégé success in STEM fields. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, U.S.A. 117...

...often, it is also a bottleneck in the experimental process. The majority of current cloning techniques involve...bacterial recombination pathway to allow any cloning procedure to be performed using a simple two-step, 2 hr ...be immediately adopted by any laboratory. All procedures are performed using the same three step protocol... greater homology, so performing more complex procedures can be aided by extending homologous sequences...routinely screen just two colonies for simple cloning procedures. Use high fidelity DNA polymerase This will minimize...

...plants doesn’t always have to be a time-consuming process. While developing transgenic hairy root lines in... longer, a transient plant leaf transformation process could save the plant biologist some time… months...This method is commonly used in C. roseus, but processes specific to photosynthetic active tissues cannot... In the laboratory we can utilize this natural process by replacing the genes on the T-DNA region with...other aspects of the transient transformation procedure (Mortensen et al., 2019). Our method might provide...

...without the need for time-consuming purification processes, and are powerful, due to their ability to integrate...three separate enzymes that are proteolytically processed from the larger protein: PR (protease), RT (reverse...delivered to cells, the viral life cycle initially proceeds as usual. Reverse transcription of the transgene...Figure 2: Schematic representation of integration process and episomal forms of non-integrating transgenes...affecting the other steps of transduction.  The process for producing your own IDLVs is nearly identical...

...to cancer, premature aging, and other harmful processes. The most dangerous type of DNA lesion results...the more accurate mechanism for DSB repair. The process is generally error-free provided the DNA template...intermediates can then resolve to complete the DNA repair process Homology directed repair pathways HDR mechanisms...displaced from the template and returned to the processed end of the non-invading strand at the other DSB...resulting ssDNA. A single HJ forms during this process and resolves by cleavage of the crossed strand....

... mutagenesis vastly facilitates the subsequent process of screening for succesfully mutated clones. Forward... introduce undesired mutations through the PCR process, you need a high-fidelity polymerase. There are...fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis. In this process, if your mutation introduces an additional restriction...DNA duplex stability from the base sequence." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 83.11 (1986...Yongzhen, et al. "New insights into the QuikChangeTM process guide the use of Phusion DNA polymerase for site-directed...