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TypeBlog Post...factors OCT3/4, SOX2, KLF4, and c-MYC is the established model for reprogramming somatic cells. A common...Polycistronic cassettes that contained KLF4s had overall diminished KLF4 expression levels; this altered stoichiometry...as inhibitory GABA-ergic interneurons, Gordon Fishell’s lab has developed a new AAV approach using regulatory...to Choosing the B(right)est Fluorescent Protein. Shen Y, et al. PLoS ONE. 2017. PubMed PMID: 28241009 ...independent of another TTAGGG binding complex, shelterin. Swapping the DNA binding domain of another telomeric...
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An Inside Look into Addgene's Dev Team
TypeBlog Post... to only do the dishes once a month, resulting in a dangerous mountain of dirty dishes or you could choose...choose to do the dishes after every meal and be reassured that your dirty dishes won’t tumble out of the... -
Antibodies 101: Immunoprecipitation
TypeBlog Post...centrifugation or a magnet. 4) Unbound proteins are washed away. 5) The target protein is eluted. ...and as in the first method, unbound proteins are washed away and the target protein eluted. Immobilization...providing a solid support while unbound proteins are washed away. While both Protein A and Protein G have ...because they do not require centrifugation between washes which can cause loss of beads, break weak protein... -
Important Considerations in Optogenetics Behavioral Experiments
TypeBlog Post...chamber is divided into two halves that are distinguished visually through different patterns and the ...recently studied in detail thanks to optogenetics. In Goshen et al, inhibition of the CA1 region using HR was...your own neuroscience sub-discipline that has published using the technique and ask if they would be willing... opsins." Nature methods 9.2 (2012): 159-172.5. Goshen I, et al. Dynamics of retrieval strategies for ... -
Replacing Paper: Tips for Choosing an Electronic lab Notebook
TypeBlog Post...publications and funding. If any of these three pillars crashes, the lab's success and the careers of its researchers...not enough. A 2013 study showed that out of 238 published scientific articles, only 46% could be reproduced...adopting simple note-taking tools, others using excel sheets or organizing folders in complex ways, there are...everything in one place. From pictures to excel sheets, researchers today generate vast amounts of digital... -
New Optogenetic Tools for Cytoskeleton and Membrane Control
TypeBlog Post...cytoskeleton and cell membrane dynamics. First, a quick refresher. The tools below use the following optogenetic...reversible. Late last year, the Akhmanova Lab published a new optogenetic tool for localized microtubule...the membrane itself? The Baskin Lab previously published OptoPLD, an optogenetically controlled phospholipase...available for controlling cell dynamics. Need a refresher on VVDfast, iLID, LOV, CRY2-CIB, and other optogenetic... -
Plasmids 101: Biotinylation
TypeBlog Post... Additional resources ThermoFisher Scientific: Biotinylation ThermoFisher Scientific: Biotinylation...more information on ABC and IHC check out Thermo Fisher Scientific's guide. There are an array of other...which biotinylation reagent to use check out Thermo Fisher Scientific's Biotinylation Reagent Selection Tool... -
28 Hot Plasmid Technologies from 2015
TypeBlog Post...sequencing or other readout. Cellular memory is accomplished by the use of sequence-specific enzymes (e.g...also available, N1-LOC8R. These plasmids are unpublished Unnatural amino acid incorporation in mammalian...detection of neuronal action potentials. The Cohen lab wished to improve on the Arch indicator and their collaborators... that their sgRNA-RNA fusions were functional, Shechner et al used the constructs in their study to target...contiguous with the sgRNA core (see image above). Shechner, et al. Nat Methods. 2015. PubMed PMID: 26030444...regulation in live cells since their introduction by Sherf and Woods in the nineties. However, reliance on ...guess what? pXPG is now available at Addgene. Sherf, et al. 1994. Promega Notes Mag. Giannakis, et... -
Viral Vectors 101: Systemic Capsids
TypeBlog Post...system (PNS). (Capsids, if you recall, are the outer shell of an AAV vector, which determine the vector’s tropism...Addgene’s Data Hub and the CLOVER repository of published systemic AAVs to find commonly used vector cargo...capsid, while Table 1 gives a brief overview of published descriptions of commonly used or emerging capsids... plasmids available from Addgene Capsid Published Tropism Model Organism Mouse Strain-Specific...Caltech’s CLOVER Center’s extensive repository of published systemic AAV experiments and Addgene’s AAV Data...your validation data to our Data Hub once you’re finished!) Good luck and happy transducing! This post was... -
Live and Let Dye: Self-Labeling Protein Tags
TypeBlog Post... SNAPf. eDHFR: The Virginia Cornish and Michael Sheetz labs demonstrated in 2005 that proteins fused with...j.chembiol.2019.01.003 Gallagher, S. S., Sable, J. E., Sheetz, M. P., & Cornish, V. W. (2009). An In Vivo Covalent...doi.org/10.1021/cb800025k Miller, L. W., Cai, Y., Sheetz, M. P., & Cornish, V. W. (2005). In vivo protein...10.1038/s41467-023-40788-8 Ulrichs, H., Gaska, I., & Shekhar, S. (2023). Multicomponent regulation of actin ... -
22 Hot Plasmid Technologies from 2014
TypeBlog Post...genes across the genome. Although this tool was published in 2011, it was only recently made available through...outer mitochondrial membrane. Sequestration is accomplished by knocking down your endogenous protein of ...shRNA. This system requires less work than using established methods and minimizes some of the technical issues...the CRUSH vector in transgenic mice, the lab established a dual-color RNAi “sensor” mouse strain in which...and involve many steps. The Drew Endy and Keith Shearwin labs have developed a new, streamlined approach... -
What's New in CRISPR - Winter 2018
TypeBlog Post...Zhang’s lab recently developed a platform called SHERLOCK (specific high-sensitivity enzymatic reporter ...more. Read the paper in Science Find the new SHERLOCK plasmids More precision with dual-nuclease Cas9...our CRISPR 101 blog posts Read our CRISPR cheat sheet Resources on Addgene.org Read our CRISPR guide... -
Optogenetics + CRISPR, Using Light to Control Genome Editing
TypeBlog Post... LaManna, published Mar 8, 2016. The updated and expanded version by Nyla Naim was published Sept 3, 2020...dCas9 Initial photoactivatable CRISPR systems published in early 2015 focused on using light to control... and repeatable. Since these initial studies published in 2015, more split systems have been developed... -
Top 10 Open Science Developments of 2013
TypeBlog Post...world. 4) The Annals of Internal Medicine published systematic reviews on an agent used to promote... into account. 7) Science’s John Bohannon published an article describing a sting operation in which...submitted a phony paper to a list of 304 open access publishers. By the time the magazine went to press, no less... -
Searchable and Sortable gRNAs for Your Next CRISPR Experiment
TypeBlog Post...listed in the table has been used effectively in a published article. This blog post will serve as a guide ...deposited gRNA plasmids or from submission of a spreadsheet containing the validated gRNA sequences alone... and we’ll add them to this list. Access the spreadsheet for submitting your gRNA sequences here. Features... -
Three Tips to Organize Your Lab Notebooks in the New Year
TypeBlog Post...better for you) and place them on an easy to reach shelf. Make sure all notebooks are visibly labeled on ...you’re looking for. Tip 3: Share protocols and spreadsheets with lab members Now that you’ve organized your... may also want to consider moving your paper spreadsheets for reagent storage locations, such as the list... -
What's New in CRISPR - September 2019
TypeBlog Post...microbial DNA from groundwater. Now, they’ve recently published data demonstrating that CasX is active in both...for cancer research The Sidi Chen lab recently published two CRISPR knockout libraries for cancer research...our CRISPR 101 blog posts Read our CRISPR cheat sheet Resources on Addgene.org Read our CRISPR guide... -
CRISPR Methods for Bacteria: Genome Engineering, CRISPRa, CRISPRi, Base Editing, and More
TypeBlog Post...Originally published Mar 3, 2016 and last updated Apr 13, 2021 by Will Arnold. Although CRISPR systems...E. coli and T. citrea scarless editing plasmids Sheng Yang’s lab describes a two-plasmid system that combines...the above CRISPRi section, the Marraffini Lab published a robust tool for CRISPRi and CRISPRa using RNAP-Omega-dCas9...systems is base editing. This process is generally accomplished by fusing an enzyme capable of converting one... -
Why Add Sucrose? Improved Yields for Adeno-associated Virus Preparation
TypeBlog Post...Coroadinha, 2006) and retroviral production systems (Shen, 2011). To our knowledge the effect of hyperosmolarity...37.10 (1991): 989-993. PubMed PMID: 18597326. 5. Shen, Chun Fang, and Amine Kamen. "Hyperosmotic pressure...22154564. 6. Stoneham, Charlotte A., Michael Hollinshead, and Amin Hajitou. "Clathrin-mediated endocytosis... -
DAP arrays for multiplex gene editing
TypeBlog Post...editing and prime editing approaches. Recently, Xue Sherry Gao’s lab at Rice University has developed DAP ...tRNAs Luckily, a fun feature of tRNA was fully unleashed by the Gao Lab’s work. Led by PhD student Qichen... Qichen Yuan is a PhD student in the lab of Xue Sherry Gao at Rice University. References and Resources...