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TypeBlog Post...Since its early years, the light microscope has been a powerful tool in almost all disciplines. In biology... cells, has become an established alternative to high-priced commercial devices. Fig. 2: Workflow...Workflow for open software (left) vs. open hardware (right). Taking this all together, the essential...open hardware. Upper left panel shows the path of light through a microscope. Lower left panel shows an ...differentiating monocyte with planes and hardware to it. Right panel shows workflow of open hardware. Conclusion...
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Choosing a CRISPR Nuclease: Site Accessibility, Specificity, and Sensitivity
TypeBlog Post...sensitivity. Wild-type Cas9 exhibits high on-target activity, but also high off-target activity, which may ...sensitivity is the measure of on-target activity (right). Cas9 nucleases that exhibit enhanced site ...et al., 2018) and found that Sniper-Cas9 showed a high degree of both specificity and sensitivity across...Evolved Cas9 variants with broad PAM compatibility and high DNA specificity." Nature 556.7699 (2018): 57. PubMed... -
Cas13d: Small RNA-targeting CRISPR enzymes for transcriptome engineering
TypeBlog Post...RNA without altering the genome, but Cas13s have higher on-target specificity. New work from Konermann ...package in low-capacity vectors! These small, but mighty type VI-D enzymes are the latest tools in the transcriptome...including Cas13d-specific regulatory proteins and high targeting efficiency, both of which are described...Cas13d deposit here). Konermann et al.: CasRx is a highly potent, specific editor in mammalian cells Not ...characterized Cas13 enzymes, CasRx also displays very high on-target efficiency; where shRNA treatment produced... -
A Quick Guide to a Career in Software Product Management
TypeBlog Post...is building the software tools for the right people at the right time. To explain a bit further, a software... a strong background of undergraduate research straight to a lab career at a biotech company, I always...operations software for next-gen sequencing (NGS), and high-throughput screening. While some developers had ...about what a software product manager does, you might be wondering what the day to day looks like. Check... -
Antibodies 101: Monoclonal Antibodies
TypeBlog Post...hybridoma, you can choose one that produces high-affinity/high-avidity antibodies. The same hybridoma is...drive can be identified by sequencing the heavy and light chains. To circumvent any possible genetic drift... Figure 2: Changes to the heavy chain or light chain genes within a hybridoma impacts the specificity...validating monoclonal antibodies, their cost is higher than that of polyclonal antibodies. For example... -
How Addgene Creates Content
TypeBlog Post...surprise then that a lot of our subject matter comes straight from you, whether you realize it or not! Many ...what basic information someone new to antibodies might need to successfully start using them at the bench...bench, along with questions we thought they might have as they go. The guide was then assigned to our science...deeper expertise of our antibody team to rely on. High-impact content like the antibody guide always gets...sketch a western blot out quickly." Final design (right). Immediate and immense regret of the graphic designer... -
Plasmids 101: Screens vs. Selections
TypeBlog Post...does this actually look like? For a selection, you might put cells into a drug-containing media in which ...scientific question can help determine which is right for you. Screen variations Forward and reverse screens...method you choose to assess traits of interest is highly specific to your scientific question. Things to... assay system include: How specific is it? Is it high throughput? Will it be sensitive enough? No one ...screens Selections sound like a great shortcut, right? Who would ever do a screen when a selection can... -
Hot Plasmids - May 2022
TypeBlog Post...Every few months we highlight a subset of the new plasmids and viral preps in the repository through ...close proximity to the GFP-tagged protein (albeit slightly offset due to the nanobody-GFP interaction). The...the AAV capsids (left) and transduction patterns (right). Both AAV-PHP.eB and the AAV.CAP-B capsids are...mammalian cells. Long sequences traditionally have higher risks of off-target mutations. These plasmids contain... -
Hot Plasmids - February 2022
TypeBlog Post...to induce high levels of gene activation for both reporter and endogenous genes. It is highly specific ...Every few months we highlight a subset of the new plasmids and viral preps in the repository through ...target only requires a small epitope tag (FLAG is eight amino acids, HA is nine), multiple repeats of the... -
The Many Reasons for Irreproducible Research- and a Vaccine to Eradicate It
TypeBlog Post...cognitive biases such as motivated reasoning and hindsight bias, we may fool ourselves and our readers into...replications are unavoidable, but can be minimized with high powered research designs. Unanticipated discoveries...become public eventually). It is typically done right before data collection starts, and should include...example, if you hypothesize that growth rates will be higher in treatment versus control, and you think there...of the study, say a fifth time has unpredictably high rates, should be reported as a new discovery that... -
Hot Plasmids December 2018 - C. elegans RNAi, TurboID, Detecting Viral Outbreaks, and Protein Binding Specificity Tools
TypeBlog Post... Every few months we highlight a subset of the new plasmids in the repository through our hot plasmids...here. Listen to the hot plasmids episode! New, highly efficient RNAi construct for C. elegans gene knockdown...noroviruses can infect millions annually. Because it is highly contagious, it is essential to contain outbreaks...binding experiments. Potential experiments that one might perform using the purified domains include protein... -
To Each HIS Own
TypeBlog Post.... The protein of interest is then eluted using a high imidazole buffer that outcompetes the interaction...protein but not that of the protein of interest. A high imidazole elution buffer disrupts the interaction...concentration of imidazole used in the wash buffer should be high enough to disrupt contaminant-metal ion binding ...therefore more selective. When using systems with higher levels of histidine-containing protein contamination... histidine residues that are present, the more tightly the protein will bind to the metal ion substrate... -
Transferable Skills Guide: Cross-team Communication
TypeBlog Post...conference you’re attending and who approaches you. You might also have cross-team projects within your own lab... errors in our LIMS tracking system. Though you might not have to communicate with a team of software ...document, I update the training frequently. In hindsight, getting a list of frequently used words like ...everyone on the same page. Others in the meeting might also have the same question and asking can help ..., meetings will be shorter and more productive. Higher Productivity. Taking active measures in improving... -
Plasmid Tools for Microbiome Studies
TypeBlog Post...growth of diverse species. These results further highlight the need for in situ genetic tools for microbiome...Yeast Toolkit by replacing the backbone vector’s high-copy number bacterial ColE1 origin with the RSF1010...microbial population dynamics in the gut can provide insight into how the microbiome responds to infection, ...on the assembly of fluorescent proteins into one bright particle that segregates into one cell during cell... -
Reproducibility for Everyone: Lessons from an Open Science Collaboration
TypeBlog Post... and international team assembled the right people at the right time. Be inclusive and seek solutions...Teytelman’s vast network and ability to identify the right opportunities, he was able to bring together talented... email the team. Acknowledgements One of the highlights of 2018 for me was to collaborate with this incredibly... -
Hot Plasmids April 2018 - Protein Degradation, Nanoscopy, FIRE-Cas9, and Yeast Expression Tools
TypeBlog Post...Every few months we highlight a subset of the new plasmids in the repository through our hot plasmids...Chemistry for his contributions to super-resolution light microscopy, comes from his recent Nature Communications...difficult to study in living cells using conventional light microscopy due to their small size (<250 nm), and...probes had to target endosomes, be exceptionally bright (which is necessary for effective STED), and be... -
Supporting Rare Disease Research with the 2020 BeHEARD Awards
TypeBlog Post...research. Congratulations to the winners! Below, we highlight their research and how they will use plasmids ...research into CCDS. The brain and muscles have a high metabolic demand that is powered by ATP. A molecule...bicuspid aortic valve at a rate that is 50-100 times higher than women in the general population,” says Dr.... and can lead to cardiac developmental defects. Eight genes from the X chromosome are expressed at significantly... -
Antibodies 101: Secondary Antibodies
TypeBlog Post...direct approach (left) versus the indirect approach (right). Primary antibodies are represented in blue; secondary... purple; signaling molecules are represented in light green; and proteins are represented in orange. Created...only benefit of secondary antibodies. Finding the right primary antibody for your assay and protein of interest...antibodies are different species and/or isotypes. For highly multiplexed assays, using secondary antibodies ... gel-based method identifies proteins solely by weight and size, relying on the signaling molecule solely... -
Giving gRNAs a Facelift - Synthetic and Beyond
TypeBlog Post...the entire editing system with a simple LED light. Lighting up your gRNA with fluorescent dyes In a scientific... nucleic acids with N-methyl substitutions are slightly more efficient and less toxic to mammalian cells...less than a minute of exposure to the appropriate light. The photoactivatable counterpart to this system...unable to engage a target sequence. Upon a brief light exposure (several seconds) the gRNA is released ... -
Pairing CombiGEM and CRISPR for Combinatorial Genetic Screening
TypeBlog Post...Methods to scale up multiplexed CRISPR systems for high-throughput screening are vastly useful for mapping...CombiGEM uses iterative one-pot reactions with straightforward restriction digestion and ligation steps to... by sequencing its set of barcodes. CombiGEM is highly flexible and can accommodate any genetic elements...Central PMCID: PMC4253859. 4. Hart, Traver, et al. "High-Resolution CRISPR Screens Reveal Fitness Genes and...PMC3972032. 10. Wong, Alan SL, et al. "Massively parallel high-order combinatorial genetics in human cells." Nature...