We narrowed to 527 results for: MEA;

...photostability of different fluorescent proteins? Measuring photostability Since it is clear that a photostable...photostability, an experiment is performed that measures fluorescence intensity over time. In order to ...with low excitation power. By repeating these measurements for different fluorescent proteins and by comparing...directly compared. An example of a photostability measurement of various cyan fluorescent proteins is depicted...protein distribution. Therefore, photostability measurements can be performed with soluble fluorescent proteins.... It should be noted that the photostability measurements reported in the literature are performed in ... the experimental designs used to make these measurements and hope this information can help guide your...

...  Intracellular protein targets, measured by fixing and permeabilizing membranes For intracellular protein...It does not, however, permeabilize cells and requires subsequent permeabilization with detergents such ...Have you ever wanted to measure expression of your protein of interest in a single cell? Or perhaps, ...is used for a variety of applications such as measuring target protein expression levels, assessing post-translational...flow cytometers detect Cell size and complexity, measured using visible light scatter The optical system...membranes produces a greater SSC.  Protein expression, measured using fluorescent protein fusions In addition ...uses 2 or 3 different fluorescent colors each measuring a different target. Flow cytometers however are...

...physical titer are direct p24 measurements via ELISA and qPCR for viral RNA. Measuring p24 levels in a viral ...particles. Direct measurement of lentiviral RNA is one alternative to direct p24 measurement. Like a p24 ELISA... as it only measures infectious viral particles. One of the si mplest methods of measuring functional ...flavors, physical or functional. Physical titers measure the amount of viral particles in a sample and are...acid. Functional titers, or infectious titers, measure how many of the viral particles produced can actually...drawback of this method, however, is that a p24 ELISA measures all p24 in the sample regardless of whether or...considered. Similar to the p24 assay, titering via measurement of viral RNA can overestimate the amount of infectious...

...donor/acceptor fluorophores (Stryer, 1978), a measurement that is unaffected by intervening proteins, lipid...HTRF and LanthaScreen) (Degorce et al., 2009), measuring intracellular calcium (Miyawaki, Griesbeck, Heim...blog has an excellent primer on FRET and how to measure it). Molecular mailbox: How to get your fluorophore... on the same street as the donor), then FRET measurements are possible. In fact, even if the majority ...properly targeted donor/acceptor pairs, then any measureable FRET will be swamped out by a sea of uncoupled...cell surface receptors) or with experiments on permeabilized cells. Biarsenical labeling reagents If you ...compounds cross cell membranes, thus enabling FRET measurements in intact cells. The Gradia Lab has deposited...

... ensure you are measuring the events-of-interest. Sensors suitable for ER measurements include: CEPIA ... requiring only a simple measurement. However, single wavelength measurements are more susceptible to ...subtype) and specific subcellular compartments for measurements. All of the sensors discussed below fall into...size doesn’t fit all, but never fear! That just means there is a great fit out there waiting for you. ...slower). GCaMPf may be suitable for very rapid measurements, like action potentials in neurons. jGCaMP7 ...additional versions are available to simultaneously measure calcium changes in the ER, cytosol and mitochondria...you combining your calcium reading with other measurements, specifically fluorescent ones? Many of the ...

...proteins are within 10 nanometers of each other, or measure the tension in the helical structure of spider ...in a synapse. What kinds of tools enable us to measure these properties, and what fascinating experiments...dipole-dipole interaction. The efficiency of FRET can be measured for a given donor-acceptor pair and a change in...fluorophores and serves as a small-scale ruler to measure distances that are too miniscule for conventional...improved dynamic range for fluorescence lifetime measurements." PloS one 10.8 (2015): e0134436. PubMed PMID... for studying protein-protein interactions by measuring the change in FRET efficiency, from which conclusions...proteins can contribute additional noise to the measurement. If the distance or orientation of the donor ...

...assess if the mean of an experimental group is significantly greater or lesser than the mean of a control... other variables (effect). Central tendency – mean, median, and mode give you a summary snapshot without...outliers or data spread within those data sets. Measures of dispersion – standard deviation/error, variance...more in another blog. T-tests T-tests compare the mean of two groups to determine if they are statistically...in a certain direction (i.e., you just want to measure if a sample is greater than a control), then a ... (the test assesses the difference of the group means). Unpaired t-tests can also be referred to as two-sample...if there are significant differences between the means of your groups. However, it will only tell you if...

...quantify smeary plots For smeary expressions, you can quantify shifts in signal using the mean fluorescence...where the two populations diverge. The smear plot! The dreaded smear - fear not! When you are looking to ...Figure 2: (A) a smeary dot plot showing a range of antibody readouts. (B) A gate on the smeary dot plot shows...antibody of interest: two clear populations or a huge smear across your FSH vs reporter plot. In this post, ...expression, and everything in between (Figure 2). These smears tend to occur when you are looking at proteins ....      Figure 4: A histogram plot for a smeary antibody readout. The orange peis the baseline ...with biorender.com. The plot above is for a smeary expression and is quite different from the yes-...

...blot.   Total protein measurements as loading controls Total protein measurements are an accurate alternative...Outside the linear detection range, band intensity measurements become extremely susceptible to error, since...housekeeping proteins are highly expressed in cells. This means that at sample concentrations appropriate to detect...linear detection range of all proteins that will be measured in your assay. This is influenced by sample concentration...stain-free imaging systems are both effective for measuring the total protein present in a lane (Aldridge ...the approach you choose, your loading control measurement will take place either before or after blotting...for your POI. Figure 6: Total protein measurements are taken on the same gel or membrane (depending...

... application, they can be membrane-permeant or membrane-impermeant, and the cells of interest can be the...proliferation staining. Dye stains are membrane-permeant or -impermeant and bind DNA or free amines, depending ...cell membrane freely, while others require a permeabilized membrane to enter cells. Depending on the research...employed: the cells are first fixed and then permeabilized, using two different buffer solutions. Fixing...the cellular state (think of mummification). Permeabilization, as the name suggests, perforates the cell...Figure 3). A useful side effect of the fixing/permeabilization (fix/perm) treatment is that the cells are...the fixing solution is different while the permeabilization solution can be the same). Examples of such...

...only infect mitotically active cell types. This means that lentiviruses can infect a greater variety of...

...Together, these limitations create challenges for measurements needed to move discoveries from the lab bench...models, ectopic models provide researchers with a means to quickly iterate, work across cell models, and...mutations. This vector-based use of HiBiT provides a means to quickly answer research questions before creating...more than substrate addition and a simple add-mix-measure method. NanoBiT® luciferase activity is compatible...letting you track endogenous protein activity and measure responses to therapeutics in real time. Let's take...challenging. Work by Shibata et al. (2023) used HiBiT to measure the activity of ADAR1, which converts adenosine...CFTR, specifically UBE3C. Degradation of CFTR was measured through decreases in HiBiT signal, which was slowed...

...Overview of using Sandwich ELISA to quantitatively measure protein concentration or antibody specificity via...mixture is added to the wells. Any free antibody (meaning it hasn’t bound to your protein of interest) will... antibody that binds in the well is an inverse measure of the amount of your protein of interest in the...Overview of using Competitive ELISA to quantitatively measure protein concentration or antibody specificity via...Overview of using Direct ELISA to quantitatively measure protein concentration or antibody specificity via...Overview of using Indirect ELISA to quantitatively measure protein concentration or antibody specificity via...proteins in an ELISA well As mentioned above, the measurement of the concentration of proteins in an ELISA ...

... you like to measure yours? More Reading Fenner M. "Altmetrics and Other Novel Measures for Scientific...Impact Measures" (2009) PLOS One 4(6): e6022. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0006022 Aragon AM. "A measure for...publish in journals with a high “impact factor,” a measure that dates back to 1975 and is based on the average..., there are plenty of other ways to define and measure scientific impact. Even if we stick to citation...and journal publications really the best way to measure impact? As that Nature report also noted, papers...traditional scientific journals. Of course, no one measure will ever adequately capture a notion as complex...

...with new tools to measure their favorite targets and finding new targets to measure! Let’s take a look...D, et al. A fluorescent sensor for real-time measurement of extracellular oxytocin dynamics in the brain...class of signaling receptors, but the options for measuring activity of specific RTKs are limited. In a new...different ITAM/SH2 reporter pairs allow multiplexed measurement of different RTKs. Although this sensor relies...Farahani PE, et al. pYtags enable spatiotemporal measurements of receptor tyrosine kinase signaling in living... affinity isn’t always better, especially if it means operating at the outer edge of the sensor’s dynamic...s41467-022-30685-x. Feel the heat with B-gTEMP  Measuring local temperature variations and heat transfer...

...with two measurements: forward scatter (FSC) and side scatter (SSC). To acquire these measurements, the cytometer... that are being measured: height (H), area (A), and width (W). The different measures are represented ...sequence of gates to be able to select and precisely measure your cells of interest. In many experiments you...exclude all dead cells from my analysis. For this measurement, I used a fluorescent dye that can only enter...with a trend of two populations with basically a smear in between. Again, it can depend on the type of ...negative population. When you’re interested in measuring a population based on a fluorescent stain, you...you might be wondering which second measurement to choose for graphically displaying your events. You are...

...spectrophotometer measures these absorbances using UV-transparent cuvettes. First you measure the absorbance...in. This is a “blank” and measures the background absorbance. Then you measure the absorbance of the DNA...common ways to quantify DNA. This method involves measuring the absorbance/transmission of light through a...DNA sample.  These absorbance measures give you an idea of the concentration of your DNA prep and whether...as compared to spectrophotometric methods that measure all nucleic acids). These methods are more sensitive...sensitivity so it’s not used much. However, the measurements are made in the visible range and can be read...

...serotonergic neurons (measured using a red calcium sensor) leads to the release of serotonin (measured using the ...an artificial leaf replica means creating a “leaf” with similar permeability of water and nutrients and... when they find genetic variants, what does that mean? Previous research shows that approximately 75% ...protein abundance, possibly due to misfolding. But measuring variants one at a time is time consuming and unscalable...throughput manner. She helped develop a method that measures the effects of sequence variants on abundance ...sensor in sleep-related studies and in assays for measuring human serotonin transporter activity. Unger also...

...method does provide a quantitative measure of autophagy, it only measures bulk autophagy (as opposed to giving... Long-lived protein degradation: This approach measures the degradation rate of radio-labeled long-lived.... Autophagy is then induced and quantified by measuring the amount of radioactivity in the culture supernatant...out of this assay. This is also a quantitative measure of autophagy, but, like the protein degradation...degradation assay above, it’s slow and only measures bulk autophagy. Morphological assays Electron microscopy... localization in the cell. SEP’s pH sensitivity means Rosella will fluoresce green unless it’s in an acidic... L. K., Graham, T. E. (2015). Rapid parallel measurements of macroautophagy and mitophagy in mammalian...

... anti-fungal drugs, because ‘antibiotic’ merely means that the drug prevents the growth of a living organism...used to treat them. Very often, this is what it means to be a ‘superbug’. Superbugs are often very difficult...antibacterial drugs. Resistance can be intrinsic, meaning a basic characteristic that naturally occurs in...is essentially always there, or acquired, which means the bacterium is not naturally resistant but has...through random mutation or horizontal gene transfer, means to defend themselves from these naturally occurring...inhibited. The amount of inhibition around the disk is measured in millimeters, and corresponds to the level of... seeing a promotion for antibiotic-free, farmed meats. We can focus on creating new antibiotic therapies...