...alternative detection methods.      Figure 1: The four types of ELISA are direct, indirect, sandwich...conjugated antibody is not readily available. Table 1: Overview of the advantages and disadvantages of each...staining. Antigen-containing samples often include undesirable molecules that may bind non-specifically to assay...specific than other methods. In addition, the assay includes both primary and secondary incubation steps, increasing...

...Spaghetti Monster probes at Addgene Uses of smFPs 1. Multi-channel connectomic tracers Fluorescent proteins... expanded use of smFPs in the future. References 1. Viswanathan, Sarada, et al. "High-performance probes...map these neuronal networks. For almost three decades, recombinant Adeno-associated virus (AAV) has been...symbol of opposition to the teaching of intelligent design in public schools and was started in 2005 in Kansas...

...cleavage (Harrington et al., 2017). Figure 1: Anti-CRISPR proteins (Acr's) can block CRISPR activity... ways to anti-CRISPR proteins in your experiments 1. Reduce off-target effects Prolonged Cas activity .../35++ Adenovirus Vector Expressing Anti-CRISPR Peptides Decreases CRISPR/Cas9 Toxicity in Human Hematopoietic...

...for example, split cells on a Monday diluting them 1:10, you should be able to split on the following Thursday...Immunology. You can find Sana on LinkedIn.   References 1. Yin, R., et al. "Gene expression profiling analysis...and could be contaminated.Learn how Addgene uses barcodes to track samples Keep track of passage numbers...

... present in the sample (APC in the case of Figure 1). In Figure 1A, the population needs to be shifted... decrease the compensation value.   Figure 1: Compensation example with single color control. Flow...This will make it difficult to properly gate your desired cell population. By compensating between fluorescent...

...light-sensitive LOV2 domain of Avena Sativa phototropin 1 (AsLOV2). In the dark, this peptide is caged by the...iLID nano and 800nM to 47µM for iLID micro; Figure 1). With this great affinity range, these LIDs have ...Figure 2). They are all available now at Addgene. 1 Lungu et al., Chem Biol. 2012 Apr 20;19(4):507-17....Guntas et al., Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2015 Jan 6; 112(1):112-7. doi: 10.1073/pnas. CRISPR-Cas9 optogenetic... al., BMC Molecular Biology. 2013 August 20th; 14(1). TRICK: A method for visualizing the first round...for a variety of experimental purposes including (1) single or multiple, constitutive or inducible, gene...the years. The authors optimized these systems by: 1) decreasing the number of plasmids required for each...

...by insertion and deletion frequency. Fig. 1: Overview of TIDE. The input is sequencing trace files...keep your product to knock-in size ratio below 10:1. Small knock-ins Is your knock-in edit small, with...screening by PCR may be the way to go. Design a PCR to flank your desired edit site and run the PCR product...nucleotide along with your desired edit. This silent mutation should be designed solely for restriction enzyme... updated Nov 3, 2022 by Susanna Stroik. You’ve designed your gRNA and introduced it into your target cells... your cells were appropriately edited for your desired mutation - insertion, deletion, or site-directed...know a few things about your target cells and the desired edits. First, you will need to know what the ploidy...

...mutation (usually 1-3 mismatched bases) is sufficient for your primers to successfully anneal to the plasmid...researcher at Cornell University.       References 1. Breslauer, Kenneth J., et al. "Predicting DNA duplex...for the desired modification. Finally, the positive clones are sequenced to confirm the desired modification...Primer Design As a rule of thumb, 11 bp of complementary sequence on either side of the desired mutation...introduced to plasmids using primers (with the desired mutation) in a PCR protocol that amplifies the ...mutated clones. Forward and reverse primers are designed to be complementary, but each primer may extend...Polymerase To ensure that you don’t introduce undesired mutations through the PCR process, you need a ...

...folding, and deal with sub-optimal codon usage (Table 1) A few mutations are common to all or most expression...curated list of Bacterial Expression Systems Table 1: E. coli expression strains  Note: All strains are...and some of the most popular commercial strains designed to avoid them. Why do I need an expression strain...protease: Strains where this is completely deleted (designated lon or Δlon) similary reduce proteolysis of the...which can prevent the culture from reaching the desired density within a reasonable time-frame. For these...and pLysE—the difference being that the latter provides tighter control of basal expression. What if I...don't see protein overexpression? The strains described above should generate sufficient expression levels...

...Time for the #BioSci3319 #StreakPlateChallenge part 1. Lab B needs a redo :-( @SandTBioSci #CompetitiveStreaking...the Streak Plate Challenge, Westenberg’s course includes Winogradsky columns and characterizing the microbes...

... new preps might enhance your research!   Table 1: New ready-to-use viral vectors in the Addgene repository...community and support a wide range of experimental designs. Here are nine great additions, including our first...

...know that most cephalopods die after they lay their 1 clutch of eggs? Propagation is thus quite difficult...organism blog posts: Five Popular Model Organisms, Part 1 Five Popular Model Organisms, Part 2 ...promotes scientific sharing The EDGE Program is designed to expand the number of systems that can be studied...genotype to phenotype studies New organismal systems described at this meeting were extraordinarily diverse. ...generating interesting drug-like compounds especially cardenolides which have been used to treat heart disease....disease. Caterpillars that eat milkweed generate cardenolides that tastes yucky (and is poisonous) for bird ...control who a female wants to mate with and if she decides to raise their offspring or leave them to their...

...an antibody performed in an experiment.   Figure 1: The front page of the Addgene Data Hub.   Antibody...antibody worked under the conditions described above, and a short description of how the antibody performed....the submitted application, along with a brief description of the experiment. If that data was included ...ELISA — but in all cases, it contains a detailed description of the experimental conditions.     Figure 4...The submission process is easy, with simple, descriptive fields, drop-down boxes when appropriate, and...

...activity to a transcriptional activation domain (Fig 1). Two ways to use CRISPRa for your research CRISPRa... Stucka R, Hauber J, Lange UC (2016) Targeted HIV-1 Latency Reversal Using CRISPR/Cas9-Derived Transcriptional...whichever guides are closest to the transcription start site (TSS). We recommend targeting the guides to a ... you should also be ready to test three or four guides directed towards that gene as there can be a large...transcription. That being said, we generally pick guides by putting the promoter of the gene into a gRNA...

...straight to your materials of interest!   Figure 1: The new search bar.   Pro tip! You can use a manuscript...and the Addgene Help Center. A big part of this redesign was pulling all of our science options into a ...Addgene’s website easier to navigate, thanks to design choices informed by Web Content Accessibility Guidelines...word for it — check out all the new features and designs addgene.org! And when you’re finished, feel free...

...forward to another great year of sharing!   References 1. Shalem, Ophir, et al. "Genome-scale CRISPR-Cas9 knockout...Feng Zhang’s lab at the Broad Institute and was designed and cloned by Neville Sanjana. This fantastic ...your gRNA of interest to mammalian cells. It was designed to have increased lentiviral titer as compared...sampling of the research it has already been used for includes work probing mTOR signaling in cancer cells, deciphering...

...Figure 1). Clustered events are called a population.                             Figure 1: While...series of markers are set up sequentially, from broadest to most specific marker, and are represented as...are, try drawing a quadrant over the plot that divides it into four, using the location of the cell populations...Gating and plot orders  As the gates progress from broadest markers to most specific, the first step is to...

...breaks (DSBs) or donor DNA templates.  Figure 1: An overview of prime editing. Created with BioRender.com...demonstrated ~20-50% efficiency in HEK293T cells with 1-10% indels. Since then, further innovations have continued...Engineering. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41551-024-01227-1 Yan, J., Oyler-Castrillo, P., Ravisankar, P., Ward...site by the pegRNA — a guide RNA that also encodes the desired edit and homology to the genomic DNA locus...both specifies the target site and contains the desired edit (or edits) engages the prime editor protein...and the reverse transcriptase domain copies the desired edit, directly polymerizing new DNA onto the nicked...edit within what Fyodor Urnov refers to as “PAM deserts” in the genome. More versatile and precise than...

...older epitope tags - only time will tell! References 1. Georgieva, Maya V., et al. "Inntags: small self-structured...First described in the 1980s, protein tags are now one of the most useful items in a scientist’s toolbox...IT10 expressed well in cells and did not form undesirable aggregates. Using budding yeast as a model system...

...vectors, and many more, in the table below.    Table 1: New ready-to-use viral vectors in the Addgene repository...pAAV-CAG-DIO-NLS-mRuby3-IRES-eGtACR1-ST AAV9 Optogenetics Adesnik New viral vector pAAV-nEF-Con/Foff DREADD Gi-...