...nervous system. The fly has also emerged as an important human disease model with potential for therapeutic... scientists to easily control the level and spatiotemporal expression of a gene of interest. This type...due to their simplicity, yeast have become an important experimental model in the study of neurological...be used to easily screen multiple therapeutic compounds in one experiment. Zebrafish (Danio rerio) Since... 1960s, the zebrafish has gradually become an important model organism. They share about 70% of their ...method that uses heat induction to control the temporal expression of different transgenes, the Stainer... "From Saccharomyces cerevisiae to human: The important gene co‑expression modules." Biomedical Reports...

...mammals (2). How can we begin to understand the importance of any of these phosphorylation events on the...5). Optimization of this system defined three components required for translation (Figure 1): A tRNA ...the pSer-incorporated polypeptide. These three components were shown to effectively incorporate phosphoserine... the phosphoserine OTS, Sep-OTS, contains the components required for the translation of pSer-incorporated...host strain for pSer-incorporation The second component necessary for phosphoserine incorporation is a.... Beyond these standard considerations, it is important to determine how much phosphorserine has actually...same expression plasmid. This is a particularly important control when creating a phosphoserine-incorporation...

...around in the lab.  Let’s take a look at the key components of transposons, how they are classified, and ... in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic genomes.  Components of a transposon system Transposon: The transposon...2021). Target site preference and host range are important to consider when selecting a transposon for a ...CRISPR-Cas system. This system has four major components: 1) a CRISPR RNA (crRNA), 2) four proteins (TniQ...transposon insertion in bacterial genomes. A) Components of the INTEGRATE system. B) Mechanisms of RNA-guided...prokaryotic genomes. They require just two key components, the transposon’s DNA sequence and its transposition...Sandoval-Villegas N, Nurieva W, Amberger M, Ivics Z (2021) Contemporary Transposon Tools: A Review and Guide through...

...as a striking example of the applicability and importance of research in basic biology, medicine, epidemiology...of what you’re getting yourself into is really important.  As you’re talking to people, though, try to ...fundamental understanding of what you’re working on is important! Better than leaving yourself in the dark, but... Erika Moore in Science Careers discusses the importance of building a network of mentors. Explore available...their abilities and qualifications. Studies on imposter syndrome have also found that it is more common..., Kroeper KM, Murphy MC (2019) Feeling Like an Imposter: The Effect of Perceived Classroom Competition...1948550619882032 Chrousos GP, Mentis A-FA (2020) Imposter syndrome threatens diversity. Science 367:749.2...

...are ways you can hone important skills for the profession. One of the most important skill sets for a science... of the who, what, where, when, why and most importantly, how, of a science policy career.  Who does science... place to start. What is science policy? THE IMPOSSIBLE QUESTION. Science policy is the work you do to...science policy? I would argue that this is the most important question that you can explore. The answer will...advice for you and your next steps. This advice is important, but must be taken through your own personal lens... science policy fellowship program which is a temporary position- anywhere from a few months to a few ...

...AAV plasmids contain several important elements, but among the most important are the inverted terminal ...Adeno-associated viruses (AAV) are an important biological tool that allow scientists to express a gene...modifications and types  Since ITRs are one of the most important elements of AAV and rAAV vectors, modifications...site reduce Rep nicking. Since Rep proteins are important for viral genome replication, these mutations ...is still limited, but this area of research is important for downstream AAV applications.  Tips & FAQs ...

...controlling cell signaling. Key components of OptoNBs OptoNBs have two key components: an AsLOV2 domain and a ...activity in cells.  Let’s shed some light on the key components of OptoNBs, how they are generated, and their...variable heavy chain antibody domain.  How do these components interact? When fused together to form an OptoNB...binding ability of its nanobody partner, so it’s important to insert AsLOV2 at a spot in the nanobody that...light to control signaling provides greater spatiotemporal resolution than pharmacological or genetic ...

...of an important surface protein (e.g. PD-L1 on a cancer cell). In this screen, known components of the...number of cells needed is lower, and perhaps most important, targeting all genes doesn’t necessarily add value...used these knockout mice to show exactly which components of the known pathway that were essential for ...response to a particular ligand (such as when a component of a microbe or a cytokine is added to a cell)... rapidly performed by targeting all potential components of a signaling pathway. For example, one could...are migratory, and their exact localization is important for their function. Their migration is induced...

...Tumors are composed of a wide variety of cell types. This cell heterogeneity is an important element of...still many important questions in this exciting field of research. One of the most important: How will ...commute to and invade multiple organs, and most importantly escape the immune mechanisms of the host. The...therapies themselves can be made more effective. Some important factors researchers are beginning to focus on ...successful tumor progression. A tumor’s genetic composition is constantly in flux and is dependent on the...

...for science, and numerous other reasons. It is important to remember that we, scientists and non-scientists...and calling for billions of dollars in cuts to important research funding.  So when I saw that there was...scientist.  I care about my work because it's important to our health.  Most people won't argue with that...with friends, family, and the public about its importance.  I think many of us grew to assume that the ...find it difficult to convey the excitement and importance of our research to family and friends outside...community members. The March for Science was an important first step towards starting these conversations...opportunity to cement in my children's heads the importance of science and positively reinforce their scientific...

...want to turn things on or off, permanently or temporarily, we’ve got you covered. Defining your control...requirements To pick the best tool for the job, it’s important to know what the job requirements are. Here are...inducible? How long do you need control? Will temporary control (a few days) be enough, or do you want...than making a knockout and is a great way to temporarily reduce expression of essential proteins (when...expression (more on this below) will both achieve temporary repression of protein expression. Addgene has ...via a custom gRNA, to your gene of interest to temporarily increase expression. There are several flavors...

...Consider the classic IgG antibody (Figure 1): it is composed of four peptide chains (two identical heavy chains...   Figure 1: IgG antibody structure with important features labeled. V = Variable domain. L = Light...portion. For example, Fab fragments are molecules composed of just the Fab portion of the antibody. Fab fragments...fragments. Size: ~50 kDa. Fv - These fragments are composed of just the variable domains of the heavy and ...fragments.  Think of antibody fragments as new components in your antibody tool box. As you consider which... and how the protein will interact with other components of your experiment. These considerations will...

...materials needed for optogenetics. There are several important considerations with fabrication of the fiber optics...your stimulation. The scatter effect is also an important consideration when preparing the implant itself...inactivation inconsistent, and behavioral results impossible to interpret. Polishing the fiber optics with...will run you about $2-3,000/laser. However, an important caveat is that one laser can stimulate only a ... on optogenetics we’ll delve into some of the important considerations when performing optogenetics behavioral...writing. Derek is also a pianist and an aspiring composer. View his blog drsimonsaysscience.org or follow...

...subcellular localization and composition of cellular complexes are important steps in understanding the ...Once you've created your fusion protein, it's important to validate its function relative to the untagged...experiments in a scientific and meaningful way it is important to choose the appropriate quantification methods...require some consideration of FP properties. It is important to look out for general problems associated with... for fluorescently tagged viral and bacterial components. For example, the Rainbow Vectors from the Mariette...

...Preparing for the first meeting There are many important pieces before that first meeting takes place to... to ensure success. One of the most important is letting people know it’s happening. Aim for 3-4 weeks...technical dive on single papers could be more important.  Any slides, presentations, recordings, and other...yourself in this situation, considering stopping (temporarily or permanently) the recurring meeting or perhaps...be well planned and carefully organized. Most importantly, they should be regularly assessed for continued...some of the information described above you feel empowered to start your own journal club! Additional resources...

...antibiotic compounds. In such a case, the microbe itself would be unharmed by the compound it produces...this post will, indeed, focus on bacteria, it is important to note that the term ‘antibiotic’ can also be...treat infections, we are treating microbes with compounds similar to those they have been battling for centuries...animal farming is already being recognized as an important step, as you can’t walk into any supermarket now...hygiene standards. Handwashing is an essential component of preventing infection, as is cleaning and disinfecting...

...point is there are many ways to quantify the composition of a viral vector solution, and generally these... characteristics give us information on three important factors. What can AAV titers tell you? Physical...dosing purposes in preclinical studies, it is important to understand what these values mean and how they...low levels of background protein and chemical components, ddPCR may not be an improvement over qPCR (Taylor... lab. The absolute titer values may not be as important as the relative titer values. Finally, because...PMC2900506. Additional Resources on the Addgene Blog Important Considerations When Using AAVs Addgene's AAV Quality...

... are more likely to consider cover letters an important part of the application. Even within an organization...core skill, considers cover letters to be very important. On the other hand, our app/dev team rarely, if...that organization or group. This is particularly important for labs and nonprofits, who tend to prioritize... research], and have excellent [list the most important skills for the position]. I am enthusiastic about...about [something that you love and is important for the job]. Notice that the intros above allow you ...that they considered cover letters to be more important for higher-level positions. Many did not require...

... of working in industry and how delegating can empower people Chapter 3: How Crystal advanced at Novartis...Chapter 4: Crystal's approach to management and the importance of realizing that different people have different...projects, and how she sets metrics for success. The importance of thinking about the big picture and not just... who are planning on working in industry. The importance of recognizing and leveraging your unique skills...skills and how they've helped her at Novartis. The importance of mentorship in developing career skills. Outro...

...optimized, it’s important to ascertain how long the rescue phenotype will last, and more importantly, if it does...genetic disease in a postnatal mouse model, an important proof of concept for future preclinical and clinical...desirable. Should stem cell editing occur, the CRISPR components would only need to be expressed for a short period...does not cause obvious germline modification, an important finding given the controversy associated with ...great step forward for CRISPR gene therapy, it’s important to realize that DMD is a simpler case than other...